scholarly journals Survey of some plants utilized as feed by the Grasscutter (Thryonomys swinderianus Temminck) at Akpaka Forest Reserve, Onitsha, Nigeria.

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-264
Author(s):  
C.I. Ebenebe
Keyword(s):  
Field Studies ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Anambra State ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract ◽  
The Family ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
High Level ◽  
Proximate And Mineral Composition

Field studies were conducted for 10 months (September 2001 to June 2002) to identify plans consumed by grasscutters in the wild ar the Akpaka Forest reserve located at Latitude 6o 09'N and longitude 69o 47'E North eastern of Onitsha, in Onitsha North Local Government Area of Anambra State. Twenty-two plant species were observed to be utilized as feed by the grasscutter at Akpaka forest reserve. Of these Twenty-two plants, fourteen were grasses of the family gramineae, Three were tuber crops, four were fruits and only one - Chromoleana odorata was a shrub (weed). Nine of these plants were not documented by earlier authors. Ten of these plants were chosen and analyzed for both proximate and mineral composition based on their food value, high level of utilization by grasscutters and their abundance. The results showed that these plant materials were low in crude protein, high in fibre, moisture and nitrogen free extract and also low in all the minerals and therefore may not satisfy the nutritional requirements of the animals for improved productivity This paper therefore recommend inclusion of concentrate, vitamins and minerals in the diet of grasscutters.

scholarly journals Diversity of Coprinus species in North-Eastern part of Uttar Pradesh, India.

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 2282
Author(s):  
Ravinder Pal Singh ◽  
Aradhana Pal ◽  
Pooja Singh ◽  
Tripathi N.N.
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Habitat Alteration ◽  
Taxonomic Identification ◽  
Oriental Region ◽  
Climate Change Effects ◽  
The Family ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
High Level ◽  
North Eastern Part

Gorakhpur is an ‘oriental region’ providing a profusion of habitats, which features diverse biota with a high level of endemism. The region is an important sub-centre for the origin of mushrooms, the most important among the macrofungi. Studies on the taxonomy and diversity of macrofungi are gaining importance as many macrofungi are becoming extinct and facing threat of extinction because of climate change effects and habitat alteration. The present study was undertaken w.e.f. March 2014 to July 2016 in different localities of Gorakhpur district of Uttar Pradesh, India to collect the samples of macrofungi describing the systemic position and taxonomic identification. This paper deals with the collections of genus Coprinus made from various localities of Gorakhpur and all the collected macrofungal species belonging to the family Coprinaceae. Presently, 14 Coprinus species, viz., Coprinus atramentarius, C. comatus, C. congregates, C. disseminates, C. domesticus, C. extinctorius, C. hemerobius, C. heterosetulosus, C. impatiens, C. lagopus, C. leiocephalus, C. micaceus, C. radiates and C. truncorum were collected and identified on the basis of their morphological and microscopic characters.

scholarly journals Transcriptome Analysis Provides Insights into the Mechanism of Astaxanthin Enrichment in a Mutant of the Ridgetail White Prawn Exopalaemon carinicauda

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 618
Author(s):  
Yue Jin ◽  
Shihao Li ◽  
Yang Yu ◽  
Chengsong Zhang ◽  
Xiaojun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Cuticle Proteins ◽  
Apolipoprotein D ◽  
High Level ◽  
Lower Expression

A mutant of the ridgetail white prawn, which exhibited rare orange-red body color with a higher level of free astaxanthin (ASTX) concentration than that in the wild-type prawn, was obtained in our lab. In order to understand the underlying mechanism for the existence of a high level of free astaxanthin, transcriptome analysis was performed to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the mutant and wild-type prawns. A total of 78,224 unigenes were obtained, and 1863 were identified as DEGs, in which 902 unigenes showed higher expression levels, while 961 unigenes presented lower expression levels in the mutant in comparison with the wild-type prawns. Based on Gene Ontology analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis, as well as further investigation of annotated DEGs, we found that the biological processes related to astaxanthin binding, transport, and metabolism presented significant differences between the mutant and the wild-type prawns. Some genes related to these processes, including crustacyanin, apolipoprotein D (ApoD), cathepsin, and cuticle proteins, were identified as DEGs between the two types of prawns. These data may provide important information for us to understand the molecular mechanism of the existence of a high level of free astaxanthin in the prawn.

scholarly journals Determining the critical period for weed control in high-yielding cotton using common sunflower as a mimic weed

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 800-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham W. Charles ◽  
Brian M. Sindel ◽  
Annette L. Cowie ◽  
Oliver G. G. Knox
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Growing Degree Days ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Planting Season

AbstractField studies were conducted over six seasons to determine the critical period for weed control (CPWC) in high-yielding cotton, using common sunflower as a mimic weed. Common sunflower was planted with or after cotton emergence at densities of 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, and 50 plants m−2. Common sunflower was added and removed at approximately 0, 150, 300, 450, 600, 750, and 900 growing degree days (GDD) after planting. Season-long interference resulted in no harvestable cotton at densities of five or more common sunflower plants m−2. High levels of intraspecific and interspecific competition occurred at the highest weed densities, with increases in weed biomass and reductions in crop yield not proportional to the changes in weed density. Using a 5% yield-loss threshold, the CPWC extended from 43 to 615 GDD, and 20 to 1,512 GDD for one and 50 common sunflower plants m−2, respectively. These results highlight the high level of weed control required in high-yielding cotton to ensure crop losses do not exceed the cost of control.

scholarly journals Sixty Years with the Chrysobalanaceae

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghillean T. Prance
Keyword(s):  
Economic Botany ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Conservation Ecology ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Findings ◽  
The Family ◽  
Molecular Studies ◽  
Economic Use

AbstractA review is given of the studies of Ghillean Prance and associates on the Chrysobalanaceae over the past sixty years. This has focussed on defining the generic boundaries in the family and on monographic work with a worldwide approach to this pantropical family. The importance of field studies for work on monographs and Floras is emphasized. Monographs are still the basis for much work on conservation, ecology and economic botany and are needed as a foundation for molecular studies. The importance of being open to experimenting with new techniques and as a result being willing to change the taxonomy in accordance with new findings is demonstrated and emphasized. The twelve genera of the Chrysobalanaceae at the beginning of this career-long study have now increased to twenty-eight in order to present a much better monophyletic and evolutionary arrangement based on recent molecular evidence. In particular it was necessary to divide and rearrange the originally large genera Parinari and Licania into a number of smaller segregate genera. All known species were included in a worldwide monograph published in 2003. A brief review of the economic use for the family is given.

scholarly journals Implementation of the Family HELP Protocol: A Feasibility Project for a West Texas ICU

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Rebecca McClay
Keyword(s):  
Strong Support ◽  
Family Intervention ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Positive Perception ◽  
Family Presence ◽  
West Texas ◽  
The Family ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
High Level ◽  
Near Future

The purpose of this project was to determine if bedside intensive care unit (ICU) nurse buy-in to the Family Hospital Elder Life Program (HELP) protocol was sufficient to make implementation feasible at one county hospital in West Texas. Surveys were anonymous with ballot box collection being available to the bedside ICU nurses for one week each. Questions were based on literature findings of expected outcomes, identified barriers and facilitators, Calgary Family Intervention Method framework domains, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Framework for program evaluation. Outcome measures were taken from the stated aims of the project and evaluated from paired baseline and summative survey questions. Survey participation was approximately half of nurses employed in the studied ICU. Analysis of the surveys showed a positive perception of family presence decreasing patient delirium symptoms, and a positive perception of the Family HELP protocol. The results described a high perception of family members as partners in care and high intention to implement the Family HELP protocol, indicating strong support of a full implementation of the protocol. The high level of bedside nurse buy-in present in this study has large implications for successful implementation of the Family HELP protocol in the near future, with sustainability and continued use supported by potential inclusion of the task in the electronic health record charting.

scholarly journals Train Fast While Reducing False Positives: Improving Animal Classification Performance Using Convolutional Neural Networks

Geomatics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-49
Author(s):  
Mael Moreni ◽  
Jerome Theau ◽  
Samuel Foucher
Keyword(s):  
False Positive ◽  
Classification Performance ◽  
Large Datasets ◽  
False Positives ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Training Time ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Test Sets ◽  
High Level ◽  
Time Decrease

The combination of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) with deep learning models has the capacity to replace manned aircrafts for wildlife surveys. However, the scarcity of animals in the wild often leads to highly unbalanced, large datasets for which even a good detection method can return a large amount of false detections. Our objectives in this paper were to design a training method that would reduce training time, decrease the number of false positives and alleviate the fine-tuning effort of an image classifier in a context of animal surveys. We acquired two highly unbalanced datasets of deer images with a UAV and trained a Resnet-18 classifier using hard-negative mining and a series of recent techniques. Our method achieved sub-decimal false positive rates on two test sets (1 false positive per 19,162 and 213,312 negatives respectively), while training on small but relevant fractions of the data. The resulting training times were therefore significantly shorter than they would have been using the whole datasets. This high level of efficiency was achieved with little tuning effort and using simple techniques. We believe this parsimonious approach to dealing with highly unbalanced, large datasets could be particularly useful to projects with either limited resources or extremely large datasets.

scholarly journals Trade and the conservation status of the family Psittacidae in Venezuela

1991 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Desenne ◽  
Stuart D. Strahl
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Remedial Action ◽  
Trade Data ◽  
Orinoco Delta ◽  
The Family ◽  
Priority Order ◽  
Key Sites ◽  
Educational Campaigns ◽  
National Trade

SummaryAn assessment of trade in parrots throughout Venezuela, 1988–1989, reveals alarmingly high internal and international levels. The national trade has main outlets in major cities, but is now compounded by the use of feathers for Indian artifacts sold to tourists. International trade involves illegal export chiefly from the Orinoco Delta, the majority of such birds (65,000–75,000) destined for Guyana. The large macaws suffer badly from both types of trade, but owing to its restricted range the endemic Amazona barbadensis is perhaps the most critically threatened species. Other species are assessed and, along with key sites, identified in priority order for remedial action, which should include more detailed field studies, rigorous trade data analysis, exchange of trade data with major neighbours, census and monitoring technique improvements, educational campaigns, and strict breeding facility control.

scholarly journals The PKS4 Gene of Fusarium graminearum Is Essential for Zearalenone Production

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 3924-3932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Lys�e ◽  
Sonja S. Klemsdal ◽  
Karen R. Bone ◽  
Rasmus J. N. Frandsen ◽  
Thomas Johansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Polyketide Synthase ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Root Infection ◽  
Enoyl Reductase ◽  
Transformation Protocol ◽  
Chromatography Analysis ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
High Level

ABSTRACT Zearalenones are produced by several Fusarium species and can cause reproductive problems in animals. Some aurofusarin mutants of Fusarium pseudograminearum produce elevated levels of zearalenone (ZON), one of the estrogenic mycotoxins comprising the zearalenones. An analysis of transcripts from polyketide synthase genes identified in the Fusarium graminearum database was carried out for these mutants. PKS4 was the only gene with an enoyl reductase domain that had a higher level of transcription in the aurofusarin mutants than in the wild type. An Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation protocol was used to replace the central part of the PKS4 gene with a hygB resistance gene through double homologous recombination in an F. graminearum strain producing a high level of ZON. PCR and Southern analysis of transformants were used to identify isolates with single insertional replacements of PKS4. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis showed that the PKS4 replacement mutant did not produce ZON. Thus, PKS4 encodes an enzyme required for the production of ZON in F. graminearum. Barley root infection studies revealed no alteration in the pathogenicity of the PKS4 mutant compared to the pathogenicity of the wild type. The expression of PKS13, which is located in the same cluster as PKS4, decreased dramatically in the mutant, while transcription of PKS4 was unchanged. This differential expression may indicate that ZON or its derivatives do not regulate expression of PKS4 and that the PKS4-encoded protein or its product stimulates expression of PKS13. Furthermore, both the lack of aurofusarin and ZON influenced the expression of other polyketide synthases, demonstrating that one polyketide can influence the expression of others.

Academic Achievement of Female Students at College Level In Relation to Their Family Environment And Locale

2021 ◽  
pp. 51-65
Author(s):  
Nishta Rana ◽  
Shivani Kapoor
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Academic Success ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Female Students ◽  
College Level ◽  
Family Environment Scale ◽  
Environment Scale ◽  
The Family ◽  
High Level

Academic achievement is often considered as a key criterion to judge one's total potentialities and capabilities. Academic achievement has become a prime interest for the teachers, educationists, psychologists and parents to predict children's academic success which is considered to be an outcome of the learning environment and the family. The present study aimed at seeking the level of academic achievement of female students at the college level with respect to their family environment and locale. Random Sampling Technique was applied to draw the sample of 200 female students studying in the five-degree colleges of Jammu City (J&K) in the year 2015. Family Environment Scale (FES-BC) by Bhatia and Chadha (2012) was used for data collection. This tool has eight dimensions-Cohesion, Expressiveness, Conflict, Acceptance and Caring, Independence, Active-Recreational Orientation, Organisation and Control. The findings revealed that most of the female students were having an average level of academic achievement. Very few female students were found to have a high level of academic achievement. No significant differences in the level of academic achievement were found among female students in relation to their residential background, whereas significant differences were found in the family environment of female students with respect to the locality at the sub-scale “Acceptance and Caring” and “Active Recreational Orientation”. The value of the coefficient of correlation was found to be low, positive but significant at the 0.01 level of significance at the sub-scale “Cohesion” of Family Environment Scale. It shows that academic achievement and cohesion in the family are positively related with each other, however, the correlation is low.

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