scholarly journals The prevalence and seasonality of ruminant animal diseases in Ijebu-Ode, Ogun State, Nigeria.

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 286-292
Author(s):  
O. O. Eniolorunda ◽  
O. A. Ajado ◽  
S. O. Oyedele
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuation ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Southwestern Part ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
Animal Diseases ◽  
Ruminant Animal ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Hot Dry Season

A ten-year (1996-2005) record of treatment report on diagnosed ruminant diseases in Ijebu-Ode, Ogun State was evaluated to determine the prevalence and seasonality of the major ruminant diseases in the southwestern part of Nigeria. A total of 6880 ruminants comprising 114 cattle, 3312 sheep and 3454 goats were treated. Trypanomosis, Pneumonia, and Malnutrition showed seasonal fluctuation while Helminthiasis, Ectoparasitism, Gastro-Enteritis, Kata and Dystocia were distributed throughout the year. Helminthasis (3126 cases) had a seasonal occurrence of 31.99%, 31.54%, 11.89% and 29.01% for the hot-dry , hot-humid rainy, hot humid non-rainy and cool-humid rainy seasons respectively. During the hot-dry season, Trypanosomosis (19.29%) and malnutrition (3.51%) in cattle, Helminthiasis (14.31% and 11.87%) in sheep and goats respectively were the major problems. Ectoparasition (6.76% and 7.53%) and Kata (5.86% and 5.79%) in the sheep and goats respectively were the major problems during the hot-humid rainy season. Helminthiasis (3.51%) Gastro-Enteritis (3.51%) and Toxaemia/Septicaemia (3.51%) in cattle, Helminthiasis (4.23% and 5.91%), Ectoparasitism (2.60% and 1.74%) and Kata (3.02% and 2.72%) in sheep and goats respectively were the major problems during the hot-humid non-rainy season. Pneumonia (5.265) and Helminthasis (3.51%) in cattle, Helminthasis (13.90% and 11.60%), Kata (4.90% and 7.53%), Ectoparasitism (3.51% and 5.21%) and Pneumonia (2.42% and 1.80%) in sheep and goats respectively were the major diseases that occurred in the cool humid rainy season. The relevance of this report to effective control of measures for the ruminant enterprise in southwestern Nigeria is also highlighted.

scholarly journals THE PREVALENCE AND SEASONALITY OF LIVESTOCK DISEASES IN ZARIA, NIGERIA: A TEN YEAR NECROPSY STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-196
Author(s):  
P. D Halle ◽  
M. A. Raji ◽  
N. D. G. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuation ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Seasonal Occurrence ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Physical Injuries ◽  
Livestock Diseases ◽  
Dry And Rainy Seasons

A ten-year (1986 - 1995) record of necropsy report on diagnosed livestock diseases in Zaria, Kaduna State is evaluated to determine the prevalence and seasonal occurrence of the major livestock diseases in the Northern part of Nigeria. A total 1093 animals comprising 132 cattle, 240 goat 318 shell, 20 horses, 47 pigs and 336dogs were examined at necropsy. Some diseases such as cowdriosis, Pneumonia, Ectoparasitism, and Haemonchosis showed seasonal fluctuation while others like Babesiosis, Trypanosomiasis and physical injuries were evenly distributed throughout the year. The major problem of livestock in Zaria was Pneunonia (247 cases) with a seasonal occurrence of 38.6% and 61.31% for the dry and rainy seasons respectively. During the rainy season, cowdriosis (17.42%) in cattle, Pneumonia (25.0%, 21.10% and 20.0%) in goats, sheep and horses; gastroenteritis (14.89%) and starvation/malnutrition (14.89%) in pigs and rabies (8.93%) in dogs were the major problems. Starvation/malnutrition (4.17%) in Goats and gastroenteritis (12.5%) were more prevalent during the dry season. The relevance during of this report to effective control measures for the livestock resources in Nigeria is also highlighted.

Estimation of thermal inertia of Abeokuta Ogun State, southwestern Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
H.I. Kuforiji ◽  
O.D. Akinyemi ◽  
M.A. Busari ◽  
R. Bello
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Inertia ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Ogun State

SEASONAL VARIATIONS IN THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GRASSES HARVESTED FROM THE NATURAL PASTURE IN OGUN STATE SOUTH-WESTERN NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-77
Author(s):  
O. A. OKUKENU ◽  
B. T. AKINYEMI ◽  
P. A. DELE ◽  
A. A. OLAJIDE ◽  
A.O. JOLAOSHO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
P Value ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Natural Pasture ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Dominant Grasses

The research was carried was carried out to evaluate the chemical composition of the dominant grasses harvested from the natural pasture in selected villages in Ogun State, South-western Nigeria at different seasons. The study was carried out using a 4 × 6 factorial arrangement comprising four seasons (early rain, late rain, early dry and late dry) at six locations (Afami, Atokun, Ibooro, Ileniku, Ipaaya, and Okerori). Results showed that the crude protein (CP) content significantly (p<0.05) varied from 5.56 % for Okerori to 7.34 % for Ibooro and the grasses harvested at Afami had the highest (72.75 %) neutral detergent fibre (NDF) values with the least (68.75 %) value recorded for Okerori, while the acid detergent fibre (ADF) values ranged from 41.00 % for Atokun to 48.25 % for Okerori. Also, CP value as affected by the season ranged from 4.23 % for late rainy to 9.44 % for the early rainy season and NDF values from 67.33% for late dry to 72.33 % for late rainy season while the early dry season had the highest value (48.00 %) for ADF with the least value (40.33 %) was recorded for the early rainy season. The phosphorus (P) value was highest at Ipaaya (2.99 g/kg) with the least value observed at Okerori (1.62 g/kg). The value for calcium ranged from 2.55 g/kg at Afami to 6.59 g/kg at Okerori. The P value of grasses as affected by seasons ranged from 1.46 g/kg for early dry to 2.66 g/kg for early rainy seasons.

scholarly journals Posterior segment eye diseases in Ijebu, Southwestern Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Tayo Julius Bogunjoko ◽  
Adekunle O. Hassan ◽  
Adunola Ogunro ◽  
Toyin Akanbi ◽  
Bidemi Abudu
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Posterior Segment ◽  
Eye Diseases ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Slit Lamp ◽  
Central Visual Field ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Age Related

Background: To review cases of posterior segment eye diseases (PSEDs) seen at the Eye Foundation Centre Ijebu, Nigeria in a 5 year period for planning purposes.Methods: Data was collected from patients’ case notes from January 2006 to December 2011. A systematic sampling of 468 patients from 1173 case notes of patient with (PSEDs) was done. Information retrieved was: age, sex, state of residence and diagnosis. All patients were examined by the glaucoma and the vitroretinal specialist as the case may be. They had visual acuity, refraction, slit lamp examination (including intraocular pressure (IOP) with Goldman applanation tonometer), and dilated fundoscopy with (bilateral indirect ophthalmoscopy) BIO, slit lamp using 20 D, 78 D and 90 D respectively. The glaucoma patients in addition had central visual field (CVF), Central cornea thickness (CCT), fundus photograph and in some cases optical coherence tomography (OCT) done in addition to the above.Results: The mean age was 59.98 years (SD 17.67) and the age range is 5-95 years. Males outnumbered females by 63% to 37%. The diseases were more common in age group 61 to 80. Patients’ attendances were mostly from Ijebu division of Ogun state (57%). Glaucoma is the commonest cause of attendance 262 (56%) followed by diabetic retinopathy 29 (6.2%) and age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) 28 (6.0%).Conclusions: Glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy and ARMD were noted as the commonest PSEDs in Ijebu division in Southwestern Nigeria.

Comparative effects of three seasons on seed population and viability of cattle, sheep and goat dungs in South-West Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-101
Author(s):  
A. O. Jolaosho ◽  
J. A. Olanite ◽  
B. O. Oduguwa ◽  
E. A. O. Adekunle
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
South West ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Seed Population ◽  
Higher Weights ◽  
Ruminant Animals ◽  
Viable Seeds ◽  
Number Of Seeds

An experiment to determine the effects of seasonal variations on population and viability of seeds in the faeces of ruminant animals was conducted between April to December 2001 using two breeds of cattle, sheep and goats. Three samples were collected per breed from three animals that were tagged for uniformity of data collection. Sampling took place weekly, in the mornings before the animals were taken out for grazing. The highest (P<0.05) total number of seeds, seeds/g dry weights and total number of viable seeds were recovered from cattle, while the least were from goats, but the reverse was the case for percentage viability. The weights of the faeces were significantly (P<0.05) higher in the rainy season than the dry season. The weights of the faeces reduced gradually as the dry season sets in. Likewise, there were more seeds in the early rain than in the late rain and early dry season, with the percentage viability higher in the late rains and early dry season than the early rainy season. There were more broadleaved weeds and sedges in the early rain than late rain and early dry season but the reverse was the case for grasses. In conclusion, although there were more faeces and consequently more seed production in the rainy season, however, but the viability was lower than in the dry season. Also, seeds of broadleaved plants were more in the rainy season while those of grasses were more in the dry season. More seeds and number of viable seeds were recovered from the faeces of cattle than sheep and goats in all the seasons due to the higher weights of faeces but the percentage viability was higher for sheep and goat than cattle. 

scholarly journals Occurrence of parasites in Labeo rohita (Hamilton) from Rajshahi

1970 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 31-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdus Salam Bhuiyan ◽  
Sarmin Akther ◽  
Golam Mohammad Musa
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Labeo Rohita ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuation ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Parasitic Infestation ◽  
Metazoan Parasites ◽  
Maximum Abundance ◽  
Length Group ◽  
Host Fishes

An investigation was made on the parasitic infestation of an indigenous major carp, Labeo rohita collected from different water bodies of Rajshahi district during April 2006 to January 2007. A total of 70 host fishes were examined during the study period of which 55 fishes were found infected by numerous protozoan and metazoan parasites. In all 2348 parasites belonging to eight genera were recorded from the surveyed hosts. Among them six were ectoparasites (Trichodina, Myxobolus Chilodonella, Dactylogyrus, Gyrodactylus and Argulus) and two were endoparasite (Eucreadium and Camallanus). The infestation exhibited monthly or seasonal fluctuation, the maximum abundance of parasites was recorded in the month of December and the minimum in July. It was observed that the infection was the maximum in pre-winter to winter and the minimum in the rainy season. Prevalence, intensity and abundance of the infestation were also found to be related to different length group of the hosts, the medium sized fishes were more infested and the larger size fishes were less infested while the smaller size fishes showed medium infestation. Key words: Parasite, L. rohita, prevalence, intensity, abundance Univ. j. zool. Rajshahi Univ. Vol. 26, 2007. pp. 31-34

ANALYSIS OF SELECTED BOREHOLE FILTERED SAMPLES IN IJEBU-ODE, OGUN STATE, NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ismail Babatunde Onajobi ◽  
Hassan Adeyemi Sanuth ◽  
Sunday Ademola Laba ◽  
Abdul-Azeez Olayiwola Sirajudeen
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Klebsiella Species ◽  
Water Filter ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Borehole Water

This study was carried out to investigate the microbial and physiochemical quality of common borehole water filter installations. Ten (10) borehole filter samples were collected from private homes in Ijebu-Ode, Southwestern Nigeria. These were analyzed using standard procedures. Antibiotic susceptibility of isolates was determined using the standard disc diffusion method. The temperature o oand pH range of filter samples recorded was 27.6 – 28.9C and 6.09 – 6.90C respectively. Total dissolved solid, total suspended solid and total dissolved oxygen of filter samples recorded ranged 3 3between 10 - 55mg/L, 0.5 x10 - 17.14 x 10mg/L and 4.7 - 9.7mg/L respectively. Chemical oxygen demand ranged from 9.5 - 13.25mg/L while biochemical oxygen demand ranged from 4.5 - 8.5mg/L. Total heterotrophic count, Salmonella-Shigella count and Escherichia coli count ranged from 16 x 3 5 3 5 3 510 - 52 x10, 0 x 10 - 12 x 10 and 0 x 10 - 12 x10 CFU/mL respectively. Faecal coliform count 3 5ranged from 0 x 10 - 12 x10 CFU/mL. Nine bacteria isolated and identified includes: Escherichia coli, Klebsiella species, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus species, Bacillus cereus, Enterobacter species and Salmonella species. Escherichia coli was sensitive to all antibiotics, except augmentin. The highest level of resistance was exhibited by Enterobacter sp. This study revealed that the borehole water filter from Ijebu-Ode is of poor microbial and physiochemical quality. Further work needs to evaluate the filter composition and quality. Disinfection of water in storage tanks before distribution is strongly recommended as a short term solution.

Ecological, morphological and genetic characterization of sympatric Haemonchus spp. parasites of domestic ruminants in Mauritania

Parasitology ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 110 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Jacquiet ◽  
J. F. Humbert ◽  
A. M. Comes ◽  
J. Cabaret ◽  
A. Thiam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Intraspecific Variability ◽  
Species Traits ◽  
The Other ◽  
Survival Strategies ◽  
Zebu Cattle ◽  
Sheep And Goats

SUMMARYThe 4 species of ruminants (dromedary, zebu cattle, sheep and goat) in arid areas of Mauritania harboured Haemonchus spp. as the most frequent internal parasite. This was a rare situation where the 3 putative species, H. longistipes (dromedary), H. placet (zebu cattle) and H. contortus (sheep and goat) occurred sympatrically. The study was undertaken on hosts slaughtered at the Nouakchott abattoir, on the basis of monthly collection of worms. The environment was very unfavourable to H. placei and unfavourable to H. contortus, as intensity of infection remained low throughout the year, whereas infection in the dromedary was 10 to 20-fold higher. The survival strategies during the long, dry season were different: the surviving stages were either 4th-stage larvae in digesta (dromedaries), 4th-stage larvae either in digesta or mucosae (cattle), or 4th-stage larvae in mucosae and few adults (sheep and goats). The prolificacy of female worms, indicative of the potential to contaminate pastures, was similar for all Haemonchus spp. in the rainy season. H. longistipes behave differently during the pre-rainy season as no increase of prolificacy could be demonstrated as observed in the other species. Traits of vulvar morphology are considered as markers of ecological adaptation and were studied. The knobbed and smooth female morphs (in equal proportions) were the most frequent in H. longistipes, the knobbed morph out-numbered the other morphs in H. placei, and all 3 morphs were present in sheep and goats with the linguiform form being predominant. Genetic characterization of the 3 species was performed by means of Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Three groups were obtained from analysis of these data: 1 group with individuals of H. contortus, 1 group with individuals of H. placei, and 1 group with individuals of H. longistipes. This indicated that, although the 3 species were valid, H. contortus and H. placei were more similar. Intraspecific variability was 2-fold higher in H. contortus than in the 2 other species. The ecological, morphological and genetical studies showed that H. longistipes, H. placei and H. contortus could be arranged in increasing order of variability.

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