A Study on Management Strategies and Design Management of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises(SMEs)

KBM Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-162
Author(s):  
Sug-In Chang
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
Design Management

scholarly journals The Management Model of Fishery Environment in Bengkalis District, Riau Province

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 222
Author(s):  
Pareng Rengi ◽  
Marnis ◽  
Fitri
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Management Model ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Design Management ◽  
Migration Distance ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Stakeholder Needs

Research purposes are to design management of fisheries environment sustainable in Bengkalis district. This study was conducted in Bengkalis district, in Riau province. This location is situated in a strategic area of the Malacca Strait.This research used survey method. Types of data collected in the form of primary and secondary data. Data analysis techniques used in this research is descriptive analysis, sustainability analysis (Rapfish), stakeholder needs analysis and prospective analysis.The analysis showed the management of fisheries environmental in Bengkalis district is in the bad category level or less sustainable with MDS value of 39.59 overall. Implementation of management strategies to fisheries environmental in Bengkalis district (P) with the interaction scenario between the migration distance (j), Pressure mangrove land (m), level of education relative coastal communities (r), fisheryenvironmental policy (k), cooperation among stakeholders (s).

Sensitivity of Colletotrichum nymphaeae to six fungicides and characterization of fludioxonil resistant isolates in China

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafiz Muhammad Usman ◽  
Qin Tan ◽  
Fei Fan ◽  
Mohammad Mazharul Karim ◽  
Weixiao Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Resistant Isolate ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Design Management ◽  
Over Expression ◽  
Coding Regions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Growth Rate Control

Colletotrichum nymphaeae is the dominant species causing anthracnose disease of peach in China. In this study, 140 isolates of C. nymphaeae were assessed for their sensitivity to six fungicides. It was found that C. nymphaeae was highly resistant to carbendazim, procymidone and boscalid but sensitive to pyraclostrobin and prochloraz. For fludioxonil, the fungus exhibited differential sensitivities, i.e., approximately 14% of isolates were resistant to fludioxonil and the resistance was stable. Fludioxonil-resistant isolates had a mean EC50 value of 2.2380 µg/ml, while the mean EC50 value was 0.0194 µg/ml in fludioxonil-sensitive isolates. The mean EC50 values of C. nymphaeae for pyraclostrobin and prochloraz were 0.0083 µg/ml and 0.002 µg/ml, respectively. No cross-resistance was observed between fungicides from different groups. Mycelial growth rate, control efficacy and osmotic stress responses were significantly different (P < 0.05) between fludioxonil sensitive (FluS) and resistant (FluR) isolates, but no significant difference was observed (P > 0.05) in virulence and sporulation between FluS and FluR isolates. No mutation was detected in coding regions of the CnOs-1, Cal, Hk1, Hog1, TPI and Mrr1 genes. Interestingly, with fludioxonil treatment, the expression of ABC transporter gene atrB was significantly over-expressed in some resistant isolates. However, over-expression of the atrB gene was not detected in one moderately and one highly resistant isolate, indicating that other unknown mechanisms may be involved. Current findings uncovered several effective chemicals and provided the foundation to design management strategies to practically control peach anthracnose with the most effective DMI and QoI fungicides.

scholarly journals Using sensitivity analysis to identify key factors for the propagation of a plant epidemic

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 171435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loup Rimbaud ◽  
Claude Bruchou ◽  
Sylvie Dallot ◽  
David R. J. Pleydell ◽  
Emmanuel Jacquot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Stochastic Model ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Plum Pox Virus ◽  
Design Management ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Range Analysis ◽  
The Impact

Identifying the key factors underlying the spread of a disease is an essential but challenging prerequisite to design management strategies. To tackle this issue, we propose an approach based on sensitivity analyses of a spatiotemporal stochastic model simulating the spread of a plant epidemic. This work is motivated by the spread of sharka, caused by plum pox virus , in a real landscape. We first carried out a broad-range sensitivity analysis, ignoring any prior information on six epidemiological parameters, to assess their intrinsic influence on model behaviour. A second analysis benefited from the available knowledge on sharka epidemiology and was thus restricted to more realistic values. The broad-range analysis revealed that the mean duration of the latent period is the most influential parameter of the model, whereas the sharka-specific analysis uncovered the strong impact of the connectivity of the first infected orchard. In addition to demonstrating the interest of sensitivity analyses for a stochastic model, this study highlights the impact of variation ranges of target parameters on the outcome of a sensitivity analysis. With regard to sharka management, our results suggest that sharka surveillance may benefit from paying closer attention to highly connected patches whose infection could trigger serious epidemics.

scholarly journals Overview of chytrid emergence and impacts on amphibians

2016 ◽  
Vol 371 (1709) ◽  
pp. 20150465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen R. Lips
Keyword(s):  
Physical Environment ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Design Management ◽  
Health Food ◽  
Amphibian Species ◽  
Robust Estimates ◽  
Conservation Actions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Population Numbers

Chytridiomycosis is an emerging infectious disease of amphibians that affects over 700 species on all continents where amphibians occur. The amphibian–chytridiomycosis system is complex, and the response of any amphibian species to chytrid depends on many aspects of the ecology and evolutionary history of the amphibian, the genotype and phenotype of the fungus, and how the biological and physical environment can mediate that interaction. Impacts of chytridiomycosis on amphibians are varied; some species have been driven extinct, populations of others have declined severely, whereas still others have not obviously declined. Understanding patterns and mechanisms of amphibian responses to chytrids is critical for conservation and management. Robust estimates of population numbers are needed to identify species at risk, prioritize taxa for conservation actions, design management strategies for managing populations and species, and to develop effective measures to reduce impacts of chytrids on amphibians. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Tackling emerging fungal threats to animal health, food security and ecosystem resilience’.

scholarly journals Reliability assessment of three topographic methods for generating digital elevation models (DEMs)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-171
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Roblero-Hidalgo ◽  
Jorge Flores-Velázquez ◽  
Jesús Chávez-Morales ◽  
Aurelio Reyes-Ramírez
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Design Management ◽  
Aerial Photogrammetry ◽  
Contour Lines ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Gps Rtk ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
Cloud Of Points ◽  
Topographic Surveys

Introduction: A digital elevation model (DEM) allows for the analysis of specific features on the earth’s surface in three dimensions. The engineering DEM is useful to evaluate resources and design management strategies. Objective: To evaluate the technical-operational feasibility of generating DEMs from total station (TS) topographic surveys, GPS RTK and aerial photogrammetry using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). Methodology: A 20x20 m grid was traced in a plot without vegetation (1.4 ha) located in Montecillo, Estado de México, and topographic surveys were carried out with three methods, from which DEMs were generated for graphic and statistical evaluation and by tracing contour lines. Results: The estimated statistical errors were 0.15, 0.15 and 0.02 m, for TS vs. UAV, GPS RTK vs. UAV and TS vs. GPS RTK, respectively. Study limitations: The instruments used and the geographical conditions of central Mexico may be a reason for variation when extrapolating the results with other devices. Originality: A methodology is provided to generate DEMs accurately. The results allow the user to make reasoned choices based on the equipment available. Conclusion: The DEMs generated with TS and GPS RTK data have a smaller error than the one obtained from UAVs. The use of UAV helps in the representation of the terrain, since it generates a dense cloud of points that strengthens the procedure for topographic surveys.

scholarly journals Management of Wild Edible Fungi in the Meseta Purépecha Region, Michoacán, México

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 3779
Author(s):  
Eva Itzel Castro-Sánchez ◽  
Ana Isabel Moreno-Calles ◽  
Sue Meneses-Eternod ◽  
Berenice Farfán-Heredia ◽  
José Blancas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Participant Observation ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Design Management ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Edible Fungi ◽  
Native Communities ◽  
Regional Markets

Ethnoecology is the study of the relationship between humans and their environments and components, including fungi. México is an exceptional setting for studying the interactions between humans and fungi, since most of the native cultures have interacted with these organisms for thousands of years. The state of Michoacán is particularly relevant, since nearly 11% of the fungi species recorded in Mexico occur there, 139 of which are edible. The aim of this study was to analyze the interactions of the Purépecha native communities with edible fungi and their environment, the position of mushrooms in the local worldview, and the classification system, management forms, and social and environmental problems associated with their use. Semi-structured interviews at regional markets were conducted. We conducted participant observation, proof interviews in harvesting areas, and workshops with the communities. Ethnoecological information was recorded for 21 edible fungi species and the environments where people interact with these mushrooms. People called hongueros (fungi handlers) identified the following environmental problems: A loss of local knowledge, a decreasing consumption of fungi among young people, land-use changes, the illegal extraction of forest resources, deforestation, unplanned urban growth, uncontrolled fires, livestock raising, and agricultural intensification. These issues affect fungi diversity, distribution, and abundance. All these factors, in turn, affect decreasing economic incomes associated with this activity and changes in the diets of the local people. Information from this study will help local authorities and people of the community to design management strategies for maintaining the environment and fungi, strategies which aim to contribute to the sustainable use of both fungi and forests.

scholarly journals Characterization of Profiles as Management Strategies Based on the Importance and Valuation That Users Give to the Elements of the Golf Courses

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 4781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia Serrano-Gómez ◽  
Óscar García-García ◽  
Vicente Gambau i Pinasa ◽  
Antonio Rial-Boubeta
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Design Management ◽  
Golf Courses ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
The Relationship

The main objective of this study was to characterize golfers’ profiles based on the importance and valuation that users give to the elements of golf courses, considering the segmentation as key to making strategic decisions. This was done using a priori segmentation of the traditional style against a post hoc segmentation based on the importance that users concede to variability of elements of golf courses. Moreover, the relationship between the quality attributed to the service dimensions and the golf course global performance was examined for each of the obtained segments. The results have established certain specific characteristics of the typical golf user and two large segments of golfers were identified from Cluster Analysis (Competitives and Socials), they were made up of the following subgroups: Regular-leisure and business and matures-familiar. The causal analysis of covariance structures for each segment revealed partially different interests. This study provides useful information for managers to design management strategies that address the different characteristics, interests, and priorities of their customers and potential customers in order to win them, keep them, satisfy them, and build their loyalty, ensuring the development and sustainability of the entity.

Progress toward sustainable forest management: Insight from the New Brunswick experience

1998 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 378-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thom Erdle
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Design System ◽  
Design Management ◽  
Moving Target ◽  
Strategy Formulation ◽  
Systematic Strategy ◽  
Forest Values

The concept of "sustainability" is central to forest management in Canada today. Sustainable forest management strategies are deemed to be so (a) with respect to the values for which the forest is being managed, and (b) given the forest characterization used in design of those strategies. If the values of concern are changed, and/or forest characterization used in strategy formulation is changed, the verdict about sustainability of the strategy will also change. Dramatic changes in forest values and forest characterization have occurred in the last two decades, making "sustainability" a moving target. The future is apt to be no different. Thus, one challenge to forest management is to change, that is to incorporate new values, better biological understanding, and more accurate forest characterization data to devise management strategies which are deemed sustainable in the context of the day. A second challenge is to design management in a way which facilitates discovery and explanation of flaws in existing strategies and which enables continual improvement through systematic strategy revision. The first challenge suggests the need for a flexible and responsive management design system, and the second, a stable foundation underpinning that system. This paper analyses evolution of forest management on Crown Land in New Brunswick since passage of landmark legislation in 1980 and use of one management design approach as it has been applied to progress toward the moving target of sustainable forest management. Lessons from the past 18 years may have application in the next 18 years.

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