scholarly journals Sensitivity of atmospheric aerosol scavenging to precipitation intensity and frequency in the context of global climate change

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 8173-8182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Hou ◽  
Shiliang Wu ◽  
Jessica L. McCarty ◽  
Yang Gao
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosols ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosol ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Precipitation Intensity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Precipitation Changes

Abstract. Wet deposition driven by precipitation is an important sink for atmospheric aerosols and soluble gases. We investigate the sensitivity of atmospheric aerosol lifetimes to precipitation intensity and frequency in the context of global climate change. Our sensitivity model simulations, through some simplified perturbations to precipitation in the GEOS-Chem model, show that the removal efficiency and hence the atmospheric lifetime of aerosols have significantly higher sensitivities to precipitation frequencies than to precipitation intensities, indicating that the same amount of precipitation may lead to different removal efficiencies of atmospheric aerosols. Combining the long-term trends of precipitation patterns for various regions with the sensitivities of atmospheric aerosol lifetimes to various precipitation characteristics allows us to examine the potential impacts of precipitation changes on atmospheric aerosols. Analyses based on an observational dataset show that precipitation frequencies in some regions have decreased in the past 14 years, which might increase the atmospheric aerosol lifetimes in those regions. Similar analyses based on multiple reanalysis meteorological datasets indicate that the changes of precipitation intensity and frequency over the past 30 years can lead to perturbations in the atmospheric aerosol lifetimes by 10 % or higher at the regional scale.

scholarly journals Sensitivity of atmospheric aerosol scavenging to precipitation intensity and frequency in the context of global climate change

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Hou ◽  
Shiliang Wu ◽  
Jessica L. McCarty
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosols ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosol ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Precipitation Intensity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Precipitation Changes

Abstract. Wet deposition driven by precipitation is an important sink for atmospheric aerosols and soluble gases. We investigate the sensitivity of atmospheric aerosol lifetimes to precipitation intensity and frequency in the context of global climate change. Our study, based on the GEOS-Chem model simulation, shows that the removal efficiency and hence the atmospheric lifetime of aerosols have significantly higher sensitivities to precipitation frequencies than to precipitation intensities, indicating that the same amount of precipitation may lead to different removal efficiencies of atmospheric aerosols. Combining the long-term trends of precipitation patterns for various regions with the sensitivities of atmospheric aerosols lifetimes to various precipitation characteristics allows us to examine the potential impacts of precipitation changes on atmospheric aerosols. Analyses based on an observational dataset show that precipitation frequency in some regions have decreased in the past 14 years, which might increase the atmospheric aerosol lifetimes in those regions. Similar analyses based on multiple reanalysis meteorological datasets indicate that the precipitation changes over the past 30 years can lead to perturbations in the atmospheric aerosol lifetimes by 10 % or higher at the regional scale.

scholarly journals Changes in atmospheric aerosol loading retrieved from space based measurements during the past decade

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 26001-26041 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Yoon ◽  
J. P. Burrows ◽  
M. Vountas ◽  
W. von Hoyningen-Huene ◽  
D. Y. Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosols ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosol ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Radiation Balance ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollutants ◽  
The Past

Abstract. Atmospheric aerosol, generated from natural and anthropogenic sources, plays a key role in regulating visibility, air quality, and acid deposition. It is directly linked to and impacts on human health. It also reflects and absorbs incoming solar radiation and thereby influences the climate change. The cooling by aerosols is now recognized to have partly masked the atmospheric warming from fossil fuel combustion emissions. The role and potential management of short-lived climate pollutants such as aerosol are currently a topic of much scientific and public debate. Our limited knowledge of atmospheric aerosol and its influence on the Earth's radiation balance has a significant impact on the accuracy and error of current predictions of the future global climate change. In the past decades, environmental legislation in industrialized countries has begun to limit the release of anthropogenic pollutants. In contrast, in Asia as a result of the recent rapid economic development, emissions from industry and traffic have increased dramatically. In this study, the temporal changes/trends of atmospheric aerosols, derived from the satellite instruments MODIS (on board Terra and Aqua), MISR (Terra), and SeaWiFS (OrbView-2) during the past decade, are investigated. Whilst the aerosol optical thickness, AOT, over Western Europe decreases (i.e. by up to about −40% from 2003 to 2008) and parts of North America, a statistically significant increase (about +34% in the same period) over East China is observed and attributed to both the increase in industrial output and the Asian desert dust.

scholarly journals Bio-modulating wine acidity: The role of non-Saccharomyces yeasts

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Vilela
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Good Balance ◽  
The Past ◽  
Spoilage Yeasts ◽  
Wine Composition ◽  
Saccharomyces Yeasts

In recent years, wine consumers have been looking for fruitier wines, with less ethanol, but presenting a good balance in terms of mouthfeel. However, due to the effects of global climate change, wines can be more alcoholic and flatter in terms of acidity. If in the past, non-Saccharomyces yeasts were often considered as spoilage yeasts, now they are used to modulate wine composition, namely in terms of aroma and acidity. In this article, the ability of some non-Saccharomyces yeasts to modulate wine acidity is reviewed.

scholarly journals Evidence of Climate Change Engagement Behaviour on a Facebook Fan-Based Page

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 7038
Author(s):  
Kirtika Deo ◽  
Abhnil Amtesh Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Data Privacy ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
User Engagement ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Media Platforms

Climate change has become one of the most debated topics in recent times. The social media platforms have given the general public the power and propensity to share and express concerns about climate change. However, climate change awareness created on social media depends on user engagement with the contents modulated by emotions. Much has been researched in this area using Twitter, but Facebook fan-based pages have not been extensively explored in the past. In this study, we investigate the engagement behaviour of users on a Facebook fan-based page titled “Global Climate Change Awareness” by analysing user insights data for two years starting from April 2018 to April 2020. Results show that the frequency of posts made to the page did not significantly promote engagement but improved visibility of the contents to the users. Overall, fan growth was attributed more to increased post visibility that enhanced post engagement. Hashtags associated with climate change had a significant reach amongst users, but those associated with disasters where the page expressed sadness and informed users about taking precautions had the highest engagement rate. Likewise, users from developing countries, especially from the small islands, were more engaged with climate change awareness. This study did not assess negative responses from users (possible deniers of climate change) and other Facebook fan-based pages due to data privacy and stringent Facebook policy.

The 38 years of the microclimate change dynamics across a cropland-windbreak-desert transition zone in the Ulan Buh Desert, northern China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guan Wang ◽  
Fengmin Luo ◽  
Zhiming Xin ◽  
Junran Li ◽  
Huijie Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Transition Zone ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Change Dynamics ◽  
The Past ◽  
Aeolian Erosion ◽  
Ulan Buh Desert

<p>The windbreak system is a major component of successful agricultural systems in arid deserts throughout the world. Ulan Buh Desert is one of the eight biggest deserts in China, and the oases there offer residence and cropland for over 90% of the local residents. However, due to climate change and human disturbances, the Ulan Buh Desert continues spreading to the south, bringing more pressure on the windbreak systems there. Meanwhile, the Chinese government put much effort into greening the desert, establishing artificial shrubs to prevent dune movement and soil loss. How microclimate in the cropland-windbreak-desert system responded to human activities and climate change has rarely been studied. In this study, we investigated the microclimate change dynamics across the cropland-windbreak-desert transition zone during the past 38 years. Two 50 m climatological towers, located in the same distance inner and outside a shelterbelt, have continuously monitored climatic factors, including air temperature, soil temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, evaporation, layered wind speeds, etc., and aeolian erosion related factors, such as layered dustfall. The long-time fluctuations of the inside and outside climatic factors have been analyzed, and the global climate change data, local land-use history, as well as the record of afforestation activities implemented by government and local people, were also collected. The results revealed that both the inside and outside windbreak air temperatures and soil temperatures increased during the past 38 years, which agrees with the global warming phenomenon. The inner windbreak air temperature is consistently lower than the outer windbreak areas, and the temperature difference is biggest in summer and smallest in winter. However, the soil temperature difference between the outside and inner windbreak is unstable. In 1995, 2002, and 2004, the dune areas even had lower soil temperature than the inner cropland. The precipitation is 0.5~100.7mm higher in cropland and the evaporation is lower in cropland when comparing to outside dune areas, but their annual variations changed greatly. The wind speed and erosion rate are significantly lower in cropland than desert dune areas, and the seasonal change exhibited a bimodal curve pattern. The results suggest that the cropland-windbreak-desert transition zone responded to global climate change simultaneously. Although the shelterbelt still creates a favorable regional climatic condition for the cropland, the differences between the inner and outer windbreak areas narrowed during the past 10 years. The aeolian erosion rate reduced significantly in outside windbreak dune areas, which may largely attribute to the artificial Haloxylon ammodendron communities planted at the southeastern margin of the desert.</p>

scholarly journals Climate change and agriculture: A Nepalese case

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 92-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandip Rai
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Natural Phenomenon ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Climate ◽  
Agriculture And Environment ◽  
The One ◽  
Developed Nations

Despite having slight disagreements on the magnitude, timing and spatial distribution of climate change, scientists agree that the recent climate change has been much faster than in the past. This has been partly to the natural phenomenon but mostly because of human activities. There is also an agreement that the poorer nations will suffer more as a consequence of the climate change than the developed nations. In this connection, the Nepalese agriculture does not seem to gain but rather lose during the process of global climate change. Even so, serious preparedness and actions can be taken that can hopefully impede the process of climate change and slowly but surely adapt to the rapidly changing climate. To achieve that, agriculture’s role as a driving force for climate change can be condensed by taking measures that reduce the rate and volume of Greenhouse Gas emissions from agriculture on the one hand, and developing diverse and resilient plant and animals breeds, on the other, that are capable of yielding as much as the current levels or even better under the foreseen changed climatic conditions. The Journal of AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT Vol. 8, 2007, pp. 92-95

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