Lake Lerna: investigating Hercules' ancient myth

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danae Thivaiou ◽  
Efterpi Koskeridou ◽  
Christos Psarras ◽  
Konstantina Michalopoulou ◽  
Niki Evelpidou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Coarse Sand ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Aegean Area ◽  
Freshwater Gastropods ◽  
The Core ◽  
Interdisciplinary Field ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
Age Model

<p>Greece and the Aegean area are among the first areas in Europe to have been occupied by humans. The record of human interventions in natural environments is thus particularly rich. Some of the interventions of the people inhabiting various localities of the country have been recorded in local mythology. Through the interdisciplinary field of geomythology it is possible to attempt to uncover the relationships between the geological history of early civilizations and ancient myths.</p><p>In the present work, we focused on the history of Lake Lerni in the Eastern Peloponnese, an area that is better known through the myth of Hercules and the Lernaean Hydra. The area of the lake – now dried and cultivated – was part of a karstic system and constituted a marshland that was a source of diseases and needed to be dried.</p><p>A new core is studied from the area of modern-day Lerni using palaeontological methods in order to reconstruct environmental changes that occurred during the last 6.000 years approximately. The area is known to have gone from marsh-lacustrine environments to dryer environments after human intervention or the intervention of Hercules according to mythology. Levels of peat considered to represent humid intervals were dated using the radiocarbon method so as to have an age model of the core. Samples of sediment were taken every 10 cm; the grain size was analysed for each sample as well as the fossil content for the environmental reconstruction.</p><p>The presence of numerous freshwater gastropods reflects the intervals of lacustrine environment accompanied with extremely fine dark sediment. Sedimentology is stable throughout the core with few levels of coarse sand/fine gravel, only changes in colour hint to multiple levels richer in organic material.</p>

scholarly journals Pampean lizard assemblage from subtropical Brazil: a temporal analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 1345-1358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gisele R. Winck ◽  
Tiago G. Dos Santos ◽  
Sonia Z. Cechin
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
Environmental Disturbances ◽  
Pampa Biome ◽  
History Of ◽  
Recruitment Period

The increasing human occupation of natural environments is one of the greatest threats to biodiversity. To mitigate the negative anthropogenic effects, it is necessary to understand the characteristics of natural populations and the natural history of species. A study was conducted with an assemblage of lizards from a disturbed area of the Pampa biome, from February 2001 to January 2004. The assemblage showed a unimodal seasonal pattern, with the recruitment period occurring during the warmer months. The captures were seasonal for two of the three monitored years, and concentrated within warmer months. The minimum temperature explained the number of catches for the assemblage as a whole. However, when the species were analyzed individually, the temperature only explained the seasonal occurrence of Teius oculatus. The abundance of species was significantly different in the third year of study for Cercosaura schreibersii and Ophiodes striatus. This latter species was no longer registered in the study area from May 2003 until the end of the study. Therefore, O. striatus may be more sensitive to environmental changes, considering the events of change in vegetation during the study. With frequent and increasing environmental disturbances, it is necessary to take conservation measures and encourage the increase of knowledge on Pampean lizards.

Popular Sovereignty versus State Sovereignty: Haiti, Popular Equality and the Birth of the Neocolonial State

2021 ◽  
pp. 002190962110558
Author(s):  
Michael Neocosmos
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Global South ◽  
Popular Sovereignty ◽  
State Sovereignty ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
The Core ◽  
Saint Domingue ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
Core Characteristics

Through a review of the two works below, I discuss how the Saint Domingue/Haiti Revolutions clarify the history of the opposition between popular sovereignty and state sovereignty. The people and the state developed as distinct political actors throughout the nineteenth century in particular. The former constructed a completely new society founded on egalitarian norms influenced by African cultures. The latter failed to establish its sovereignty and reverted to a colonial form, thus illustrating the core characteristics of the neocolonial state now widespread in the Global South in general and in Africa in particular.

3. The people called Methodists

2019 ◽  
pp. 28-40
Author(s):  
William J. Abraham
Keyword(s):  
Church Of England ◽  
History Of Christianity ◽  
The Core ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Core Elements ◽  
History Of ◽  
Renewal Movement ◽  
The Church

The initial agenda of Methodism as a renewal movement in the Church of England was ‘to reform England, especially the church, and to spread scriptural holiness throughout the land’. Like most renewal movements in the history of Christianity, it did not succeed. Instead it morphed into a network of Methodist denominations across the world. ‘The people called Methodists’ outlines John Wesley’s new version of Christianity and its separation from the mother church. It describes the search for succession, the process of ordination, and the core elements of Methodism. Methodists insist on the sacraments of baptism and Eucharist, and on orderly ordination for their clergy. But beyond that there is flexibility, innovation, and adaptability.

scholarly journals Dating of an East Antarctic ice core (GV7) by high resolution chemical stratigraphies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaello Nardin ◽  
Mirko Severi ◽  
Alessandra Amore ◽  
Silvia Becagli ◽  
Francois Burgay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Accumulation Rate ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Methanesulfonic Acid ◽  
Oxygen Isotopic Composition ◽  
Snow Accumulation ◽  
Sea Salt ◽  
The Core ◽  
History Of

Abstract. Ice core dating is the first step for a correct interpretation of climatic and environmental changes. In this work, we release a stratigraphic dating of the uppermost 197 m of the 250 m deep GV7(B) ice core (drilling site, 70°41’S, 158°52’E, 1950 m a.s.l.) with a sub-annual resolution. Chemical stratigraphies of NO3−, MSA (methanesulfonic acid), non-sea salt SO42−, sea-salt ions and the oxygen isotopic composition (δ18O) were used in the annual layer counting upon the identification of a seasonal profile in their records. Different procedures were tested and thanks to the volcanic history of the core, obtained in previous works, an accurate age-depth correlation was obtained for the period 1179–2009 CE. Once the dating of the core was finalized, the annual mean accumulation rate was evaluated throughout the analyzed 197 m of the core, obtaining an annually resolved history of the snow accumulation on site in the last millennium. A small, yet consistent, rise in accumulation rate was found for the last 830 years since the middle of the 18th century.

scholarly journals DESTINATION ATTRACTIVENESS FROM THE VIEW OF TOURISTS – A CASE ANALYSIS ON THE TEMPLE CITY, BHUBANESWAR, INDIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1247-1255
Author(s):  
Shruti MOHANTY ◽  
◽  
Sitikantha MISHRA ◽  
Sasmita MOHANTY ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Support Services ◽  
The State ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
The Core ◽  
The People ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Destination Attractiveness ◽  
History Of ◽  
Questionnaire Method ◽  
The Temple

The history of Bhubaneswar in the state of Odisha can be dated back to 3rd century B.C. It is the largest city in the state, popularly known as the ‘Temple Town’ or ‘Temple City’ which receives thousands of tourists every year for its attractions. The principle aim of this paper is to find out the factors influencing the destination attractiveness with the help of the perception of tourists in the temple city of Bhubaneswar through their level of satisfaction. Apart from that, the study analyzed that how the key elements of a destination can contribute to its attractiveness which further enhances the destination’s image. The method advised in the paper was questionnaire method where the responses were taken on a five-point Likert scale. A sample of 100 tourists was taken to find out their perception regarding destination attractiveness. The data was analyzed through descriptive statistics, factor analysis and correlation. From the study it was found out that the core determinants of the attractiveness are the facilities provided in the destination and its support services while the secondary determinants consist of people-related factors. It was also found out that the people related factors and the support services and facilities are complementary to each other when it comes to destination attractiveness.

Bud Tumantangis: A Bangsa Sug Historic-Societal Relevance

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 382-390
Author(s):  
Alkinor R. Sajan
Keyword(s):  
Personal Identity ◽  
The Core ◽  
Societal Relevance ◽  
The People ◽  
True Meaning ◽  
History Of ◽  
Core Value ◽  
Ways Of Life ◽  
The Way

The history of one’s nation is the core value of its people. It reflects the totality of their personal identity, their culture, their ways of life, and the way they would be treated by others. Sulu is not an exemption, in fact, its history had been long eyed hitherto by most of the world’s historians due to the unique and glorious but controversially misconceived records of the Tausugs. These records however, Vis-à-vis the Bud Tumantangis’ core value.This paper aims to elucidate the name Bud Tumantangis and edify misconception of its true meaning. The idea of “Crying Mountain” doesn’t fit it to be the pride of the people that needs to be deep-sixed.  And for it to be a pride does not mean only a mere emblem but a total relevance as well.

scholarly journals Stephanodiscus Ehr. species from Holocene sediments in the Faiyum Depression (Middle Egypt)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.J. FLOWER ◽  
K. KEATINGS ◽  
M.A. HAMDAN ◽  
F.A. HASSAN
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Lacustrine Sediments ◽  
Coarse Sand ◽  
Lacustrine Sediment ◽  
Diatom Species ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lake Qarun ◽  
Considerable Depth ◽  
A New Species

Lake Qarun in the Egyptian Faiyum Depression is the shrunken remnant of a much larger lake. To investigate the sedimentary history of the former lake, several continuous lacustrine sediment cores were collected from now terrestrial locations within the basin. The suitability of these sediments for reconstructing past environmental changes was first assessed by describing the gross stratigraphies of three core sequences and secondly by evaluating taxonomic issues concerning sedimentary diatom species within the genus, Stephanodiscus Ehr. The stratigraphic descriptions show basal sections comprised of either coarse sand or weathered Ecocene limestone overlain by lacustrine sediments. Lower sections of the lacustrine sediments are diatom marls, and, in the two lakeside cores, these are laminated. These sections indicate that the lake initially formed by rapid in filling to a considerable depth with freshwater and the diatom-rich marls containing abundant Stephanodiscus and Aulacoseira Thwaites species. A new species and variety of Stephanodiscus, S. neoaegypticus and S. neoaegypticus var. fekrii, are described from the marl section in one core. Another species, S. galileenis Håkansson & Erhlich, was also present and is re-evaluated with reference to the published description.  The importance of establishing a sound taxonomic foundation for palaeolimnological studies of Lake Qarun is stressed.

Staying in Crisis: Choice or Coercion a Review of the Reasons of Rural-to-Urban Migrations Due to Environmental Changes in Iranian Villages

2021 ◽  
pp. 120633122110183
Author(s):  
Soheil Mohammadi ◽  
Mojtaba Khanian
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Rural Residence ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of

Widespread environmental changes as well as economic events and factors have contributed significantly to migrations from and relocations of human settlements during the past years. Being in direct contact with natural environments, rural settlements have been on the forefront of dealing with these changes. The impacts are more tangible in developing countries, including Iran, which face numerous socioeconomic and management challenges. Despite this, a number of the residents of rural settlements refuse to migrate and decide to stay in their current place of living despite economic and environmental hardships. In this respect, the present research aims to investigate the reasons of this decision among the “trapped” populations by studying two villages of Famenin County in Iran, namely Amirabad and Jahanabad, using the qualitative methodology in the form of field interviews with the residents. The results indicate that while “employment,” “accommodation,” and “poverty” are the three main drivers, which contribute to the villagers’ decision for not migrating in general, social capital and psychological attachment are considered impactful drivers for not migrating among older villagers or those with a longer history of rural residence.

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