scholarly journals Flood variability in northern Spain during the last millennium recorded in lacustrine sedimentary archives

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Pablo Corella ◽  
Bruno Wilhelm ◽  
Gerardo Benito ◽  
Anne-Catherine Favre ◽  
Blas L. Valero-Garcés
Keyword(s):  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Flood Frequency ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Northern Spain ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Sedimentary Sequences ◽  
Hydroclimate Variability ◽  
Historical Land Use

<p>Floods are among the most destructive natural disasters, and robust knowledge about their past, present and future trends is therefore crucial for the sustainable development of societies worldwide. Paleoflood deposits in lacustrine sedimentary sequences enable the continuous reconstruction of flood variability at centennial to millennial scale beyond instrumental hydrological datasets. FLOODARC MSCA project (2019-2021) aims to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the long-term flood variability in the Iberian Peninsula by investigating flood archives in several Spanish lake records. Preliminary results show a see-saw pattern in flood frequency variability during the Medieval Climate Anomaly and the Little Ice Age transition with more (less) flood events occurring during cold (warm) phases in Atlantic and Mediterranean areas respectively. These dissimilarities seem to be controlled by the hydroclimate variability at the regional scale as well as by historical land use changes in different areas of northern Spain.</p>

scholarly journals Climate variability of the last ~2700 years in the Southern Adriatic Sea: Coccolithophore evidences

The Holocene ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-64
Author(s):  
Antonio Cascella ◽  
Sergio Bonomo ◽  
Bassem Jalali ◽  
Marie-Alexandrine Sicre ◽  
Nicola Pelosi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Flood Frequency ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Calcareous Nannofossils ◽  
Central Mediterranean ◽  
The North ◽  
Water Column Stratification ◽  
Florisphaera Profunda ◽  
The North Atlantic Oscillation

New information on palaeoenvironmental conditions over the past ~2700 years in the Central Mediterranean Sea have been acquired through the high-resolution study of calcareous nannofossils preserved in the sediment core SW104-ND14Q recovered in the Southern Adriatic Sea (SAS) at 1013-m water depth. The surface water properties at this open SAS site are sensitive to atmospheric forcing (acting both at local and regional scale) and the North Ionian Sea driven inflowing waters. Our data show a relationship between reworked coccolith abundances, flood frequency across the Southern Alps and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) confirming their value as indicator of runoff/precipitation. Changes in the abundance of the opportunistic (r-strategist) species Emiliania huxleyi and deep dweller taxa Florisphaera profunda were used to reconstruct the upper water column stratification and associated changes in coccolithophorid productivity. The negative correlation between reworked coccoliths and the N-Ratio ( r = −0.44; p = 6−7) suggest that fresh water induced stratification is a controlling factor of the SAS coccolithophorid production. High coccolithophorid productivity levels occurred during dry periods and/or time intervals of inflowing salty and nutrient-rich Levantine Intermediate Waters favouring convection while lower levels took place during high freshwater discharge, mainly during the ‘Little Ice Age’ and two centennial scale intervals of weakest NAO around 200 BCE and 500 CE.

ICE AGE AND COASTAL ADAPTATIONS

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksey Amantov ◽  
Aleksey Amantov ◽  
Willy Fjeldskaar ◽  
Willy Fjeldskaar
Keyword(s):  
Regional Scale ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Hudson Bay ◽  
Isostatic Adjustment ◽  
Future System ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Variable Factor ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Different Order

Eustatic changes have interrelations with other long-term processes, connected with the glacial activity and related isostatic adjustment. Topographic changes in glacial and periglacial areas, linked with sediment- and hydro-isostasy, influence the redistribution of amount of water globally before and after glaciations. Glacial erosion is a significant, but variable factor. Many enclosed basins of different order- including the Baltic -were created or strongly modified by this process. In relation to the ice age onset they can hold additional amount of water, even if related isostasy reduces its volume. Accumulation replaces ocean water by low-compacted sediments, with additional subsidence, but part of deposition remains in coastal areas. Negative topographic elements, previously occupied by central parts of ice sheets (Bothnian, Hudson Bay) would likely remain stable water storage with gradual shallowing up to future system of giant lakes. Hydro-isostasy impacted non-uniform relocation of coastal zone in local and regional scale.

Challenges, Opportunities and Barriers to Sustainable Transport Development in Functional Urban Areas

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ada Wolny ◽  
Marek Ogryzek ◽  
Ryszard Zróbek
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Sustainable Transport ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Scenarios ◽  
Common Opinion ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office ◽  
Main Determinants

The process of identifying urban areas in OECD countries uses population density to identify urban cores, and travel-to-work flows to identify the hinterlands as the “worker catchment area” of the urban labour market, outside the densely inhabited core. As the travel-to-work analysis seems to be an important issue for creating coherent functional urban areas, the main determinants of daily commuting in a sub-regional scale should be investigated. There is a common opinion, that residents of the suburbs are bound to use individual forms of transportation, and public transport does not meet their needs. That is why the aim of this research is to identify the main challenges, opportunities and barriers to sustainable transport development in functional urban areas, in order to avoid the adverse effects of urbanisation. For the purpose of the article, a comparative analysis for selected Polish functional urban areas was conducted, and both shortterm and long-term prospects of transport development are depicted. The article includes statistical, spatial and descriptive analyses based on Central Statistical Office data, Regional Operational Programmes for 2014–2020, made for the Polish provinces, as well as selected development strategies, due to inter-municipal cooperation within delimited functional urban areas. As a result, on the basis of the compared and transformed information, the sustainable development scenarios for a selected functional urban area are built.

scholarly journals Long-term adaptation of European viticulture to climate change: an overview from the H2020 Clim4Vitis action

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
João A. Santos ◽  
Chenyao Yang ◽  
Helder Fraga ◽  
Aureliano C. Malheiro ◽  
José Moutinho-Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Regional Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Projections ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic Developments ◽  
Adaptation Figure

Climate change is a major challenge to viticulture worldwide. The adaptation potential of the different strategies to cope with climate change still embraces many uncertainties (e.g., unpredictable social-economic developments and land-use changes), particularly in the long-term. However, adaptation strategies adjusted to local terroirs and regional climate change projections will contribute to the sustainable development of the winemaking sector. The Clim4Vitis action (https://clim4vitis.eu/) recommends some guidelines for long-term adaptation (Figure 1).

ICE AGE AND COASTAL ADAPTATIONS

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksey Amantov ◽  
Aleksey Amantov ◽  
Willy Fjeldskaar ◽  
Willy Fjeldskaar
Keyword(s):  
Regional Scale ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Hudson Bay ◽  
Isostatic Adjustment ◽  
Future System ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Variable Factor ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Different Order

Eustatic changes have interrelations with other long-term processes, connected with the glacial activity and related isostatic adjustment. Topographic changes in glacial and periglacial areas, linked with sediment- and hydro-isostasy, influence the redistribution of amount of water globally before and after glaciations. Glacial erosion is a significant, but variable factor. Many enclosed basins of different order- including the Baltic -were created or strongly modified by this process. In relation to the ice age onset they can hold additional amount of water, even if related isostasy reduces its volume. Accumulation replaces ocean water by low-compacted sediments, with additional subsidence, but part of deposition remains in coastal areas. Negative topographic elements, previously occupied by central parts of ice sheets (Bothnian, Hudson Bay) would likely remain stable water storage with gradual shallowing up to future system of giant lakes. Hydro-isostasy impacted non-uniform relocation of coastal zone in local and regional scale.

scholarly journals Quantifying long term evolution of fluvial channel in glacier forefield

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Livia Piermattei ◽  
Tobias Heckmann ◽  
Moritz Altmann ◽  
Jakob Rom ◽  
Fabian Fleischer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Scale ◽  
Long Term Evolution ◽  
Channel Morphology ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
High Temporal Resolution ◽  
Sediment Delivery ◽  
Channel Erosion ◽  
Term Evolution ◽  
Recent Climate

<p>Alpine rivers have experienced considerable changes in channel morphology over the last century. Human disturbance and natural factors are the main drivers of changes in channel morphology that modify natural sediment and flow regimes at local, catchment and regional scale. River sediment loads are likely to increase due to increasing snow and glacier melt runoff, facilitated by climate changes. Additionally, channel erosion and depositional dynamics and patterns are influenced by sediment delivery from rock walls, hillslopes, and sediment in the forefields of retreating glaciers. Land cover changes may facilitate or obstruct runoff and soil degradation.</p><p>In order to reliably assess the magnitudes of the channel changing processes and/or their frequencies due to recent climate change, the investigation period needs to be extended to the last century, ideally back to the end of the Little Ice Age. Moreover, a high temporal resolution is required to account for the history of changes of channel morphology and for better detection and interpretation of related processes.</p><p>The increasing availability of digitised historical aerial images, together with advancements of digital photogrammetry, provides the basis for reconstructing and assessing long-term evolution of the surface, both in terms of planimetric mapping and generation of historical digital elevation models (DEMs). This work presents the temporal evolution of fluvial channel morphology in Kaunertal, Austria, spanning twenty periods from 1953 to 2019. Here we use photogrammetric analysis of recent and historical images, together with LiDAR and drone-based photogrammetric DEMs, to quantify the river changes in terms of channel incision, riverbank erosion, as well as the spatial patterns of channel erosion and deposition and the amounts of mobilized sediment. We show that geomorphic changes are mainly driven by deglaciation, i.e. glacier retreat, and sediment delivery from recently deglaciated steep lateral moraines. Overall, this work contributes to better understand the links between channel changes and climatic factors and highlights similarities and differences in the evolutionary trajectories of the main rivers in the catchment.</p>

Influence of internal and external risks on sustainability of financial system of Аltai krai

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 133-136
Author(s):  
R. N. Ibragimov
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Risk Management Strategy ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact

The article examines the impact of internal and external risks on the stability of the financial system of the Altai Territory. Classification of internal and external risks of decline, affecting the sustainable development of the financial system, is presented. A risk management strategy is proposed that will allow monitoring of risks, thereby these measures will help reduce the loss of financial stability and ensure the long-term development of the economy of the region.

Diatom- and Chironomid-Inferred Eutrophication of Bouchie Lake, British Columbia

2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 418-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus L. Heinrichs ◽  
Brian F. Cumming ◽  
Kathleen R. Laird ◽  
J. Sanford Hart
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Head Capsule ◽  
Relative Increase ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
The Past ◽  
Nutrient Levels ◽  
Lower Head ◽  
Lower Oxygen ◽  
Historical Land Use

Abstract Diatom and chironomid analysis of sediments encompassing the past 400 years from Bouchie Lake, British Columbia, suggests two distinct periods of limnological conditions. Prior to 1950 AD, Fragilaria construens and F. pinnata are the most common diatom species, and Chironomus, Procladius and Tanytarsini dominate the chironomid record. Moderately low nutrient concentrations consistent with oligo-mesotrophic lakes are inferred. From 1950, the diatom assemblage is dominated by Stephanodiscus parvus, a eutrophic indicator, whereas the chironomid communities show a relative increase in littoral taxa coincident with lower head capsule abundance. Higher nutrient levels, specifically total phosphorus, which increased from 8 µg L-1 prior to 1950 to 20 µg L-1 currently, are coincident with midge communities indicative of lower oxygen concentrations. Observed biotic changes and nutrient levels inferred from the sediment core correspond to historical land-use changes.

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