Defining Terms for Climate Literacy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie Singer
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Internet User ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Solar Grade Silicon ◽  
The Public ◽  
Digital Footprint ◽  
Carbon Neutrality ◽  
Grade Silicon ◽  
Climate Literacy

<div> </div><div>To move forward with substantial, constructive actions that reduce overall consumption and emissions, the public, scientists and policymakers need agreement about our terms. Terms like "sustainability," "zero-emissions" and "carbon-neutrality" tend to focus on a device or vehicle's energy use and emissions during operation--and to exclude energy use and emission during extraction, smelting, manufacturing and recycling or discard. What do such exclusions mean for e-vehicles, smartphones and solar panels? How can we encourage learning about and reducing electronics' true costs? Katie Singer will describe the process involved in manufacturing electronic-grade silicon (similar to solar-grade silicon), and propose that every Internet user learn the international supply chain of one substance (of 1000+) in their device. She will also propose ways to counterbalance a digital footprint. </div>

Planning of intensified production of solar grade silicon to yield solar panels involving behavior of population

2020 ◽  
pp. 108241
Author(s):  
Esbeydi Villicaña-García ◽  
César Ramírez-Márquez ◽  
Juan Gabriel Segovia-Hernández ◽  
José María Ponce-Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Solar Panels ◽  
Solar Grade Silicon ◽  
Grade Silicon

scholarly journals Upgrading Metallurgical Grade Silicon to Solar Grade Silicon

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Mukashev ◽  
A. Betekbaev ◽  
D. Skakov ◽  
I. Pellegrin ◽  
A. Pavlov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Direct Conversion ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Solar Grade Silicon ◽  
Slag Refining ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Grade Silicon ◽  
Total Capacity

<p>he photovoltaics (PV) is a method of direct conversion of solar energy to electricity using semicon-ductor solar cells. In terms of globally installed capacity, PV remains third the most important renewable energy source after hydro and wind powers. 31.1 GW of PV systems were installed around the world in 2012 and up from 30.4 GW in 2011.There is a rapid growth of PV cell production and it is expected to increase further. However PV technology have to cost effective in comparison to hydro or wind powers and other sources of renewable energy. It has to reach the “grid parity” i.e. less or equal price for generated electricity <br />power. More than 85% of solar cells (SC) are made from solar grade silicon (SoGSi). SoGSi is produced by purification of metallurgy grade silicon (MGSi) which is produced by carbon recovering silicon from quartz. Also Quartz is an initial and essential material for obtaining SoGSi and SC. Rich resource of quartz <br />Sarykol located at southern part of Kazakhstan where the main factory for MG Si production «Каzsilicon» is situated. Upgrading of MGSi up to SoGSi consists is a number of technological steps and SoGSi is basis for PV industry. Therefore the cost of SoGSi determines the competitiveness of PV technology compared to <br />other energy sources. There are several chemical and metallurgical technologies for SoGSi production. This paper briefly describes these technologies and shows main advantages of metallurgical technologies based on slag refining (oxygenation). Considered technologies are the basis for industrial production of SoGSi, <br />solar cells with an efficiency of 15.8-17.1% and solar panels. The 1st power plant made from solar panels in Kazakhstan was launched in December 25, 2012 by «AstanaSolar» with a total capacity of 250 kW.</p>

scholarly journals Renewable Energy - a Great Energizing Potential that Eliminates Environmental Pollution

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Enkelejda Kucaj ◽  
Elizabeta Susaj ◽  
Besjana Qaja
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
The Public ◽  
Electricity Bill ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Sun Light

Renewable energy, efficiency energy, green industries and the development of the green economy are generally attracting attention all over the world. Albania needs investments for this type of energy, given that, in the 21st century, is still unable to fulfill the minimum needs of energy. The aim of this study was to identificate the use of solar panels in the Kombinat area by completing a questionnaire. Residents of this area who were equipped with a solar panel are asked about how they used and the benefits that they have from the solar panel, indicating that warm water is widely used in their home. Another purpose of this study was to inform the residents of this area about the economic and environmental benefits to use the solar panels. Interviewers are asked what kind of energy use to heat their homes. Arguments have been that most of them use electricity then gas. They also use woods in chimneys or stoves more over most of them said that they save 30% of the previous amount of the electricity bill. We also informed and aware the public about the negative impacts in the environment, agriculture and the economy of the country from the use of non-renewable energy. Sun light energy is absolutely free and can be utilized by all without exception and keep the environment clean during use and is also controllable by humans.

Study of the electrical properties of  Cz p-type solar-grade silicon wafers against the high-temperature processes

2021 ◽  
Vol 127 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Maoudj ◽  
Djoudi Bouhafs ◽  
Nacer Eddine Bourouba ◽  
Abdelhak Hamida-Ferhat ◽  
Abdelkader El Amrani
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Silicon Wafers ◽  
Solar Grade Silicon ◽  
High Temperature Processes ◽  
Grade Silicon ◽  
P Type

scholarly journals Third Party Certification of Agri-Food Supply Chain Using Smart Contracts and Blockchain Tokens

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (16) ◽  
pp. 5307
Author(s):  
Ricardo Borges dos Santos ◽  
Nunzio Marco Torrisi ◽  
Rodrigo Palucci Pantoni
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Consumer Behaviour ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Smart Contracts ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Socially Responsible ◽  
The Public ◽  
Blockchain Technology

Every consumer’s buying decision at the supermarket influences food brands to make first party claims of sustainability and socially responsible farming methods on their agro-product labels. Fine wines are often subject to counterfeit along the supply chain to the consumer. This paper presents a method for efficient unrestricted publicity to third party certification (TPC) of plant agricultural products, starting at harvest, using smart contracts and blockchain tokens. The method is capable of providing economic incentives to the actors along the supply chain. A proof-of-concept using a modified Ethereum IGR token set of smart contracts using the ERC-1155 standard NFTs was deployed on the Rinkeby test net and evaluated. The main findings include (a) allowing immediate access to TPC by the public for any desired authority by using token smart contracts. (b) Food safety can be enhanced through TPC visible to consumers through mobile application and blockchain technology, thus reducing counterfeiting and green washing. (c) The framework is structured and maintained because participants obtain economical incentives thus leveraging it´s practical usage. In summary, this implementation of TPC broadcasting through tokens can improve transparency and sustainable conscientious consumer behaviour, thus enabling a more trustworthy supply chain transparency.

LIBS for the Analysis of Metallurgical and Solar Grade Silicon

2011 ◽  
Vol 324 ◽  
pp. 324-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Darwiche ◽  
Malek Benmansour ◽  
Nir Eliezer ◽  
Daniel Morvan
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Solar Grade Silicon ◽  
Photovoltaic Panels ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown ◽  
Elemental Chemical Analysis ◽  
Boron Analysis ◽  
Grade Silicon

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has been employed for the fast and reliable chemical characterization of silicon used for the photovoltaic industry. Silicon for photovoltaic panels is subject to certain constraints on its purity, and notably must contain low concentration of boron. The use of LIBS could be advantageous because it allows rapid and simultaneous multi-elemental chemical analysis of silicon without any sample preparation. LIBS was applied to boron analysis and a detection limit of 0.23 ppmw was found for optimized gas and pressure conditions.

The Use of BIM Technology in Analyzing Building Energy and EconomicFeasibility of Solar Panel

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammadiya Rifqi ◽  
Heni Fitriani ◽  
Puteri Kusuma Wardhani
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Office Buildings ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Building Information

Buildings contribute more than 40% of world energy consumption, so it is feared that it will cause energy problems in thefuture, especially in the construction sector. One solution to reducing this problem is by analyzing energy use at the initialdesign stage and utilizing solar energy as one of the solar power plants (PLTS) in office buildings. To analyze the use ofenergy in buildings, Building Information Modeling (BIM) was used. The purpose of this research is to analyze the annualenergy level of office buildings in Palembang using BIM software, namely Autodesk Revit. The number of solar panels aswell as the amount of energy were also identified using web-based software (HelioScope) resulting the economic feasibilityas indicated by the installation of solar panels as a component of PV mini-grid. The results showed that the use of BIMtechnology in analyzing building energy can provide a detailed description of the building model at the design stage. Revitanalysis indicates that the building consumed electrical energy per year for about 3,647,713 kWh with a roof area of 1,657m2. In addition, based on the HelioScope analysis, the use of renewable energy from the installation of PLTS was 152,900kWh/year. Meanwhile, for economic feasibility analysis, the installation of PLTS in office buildings can provide a positive NetPresent Value (NPV), indicating a feasible project.

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