scholarly journals DATABASE-SUPPORTED CHANGE ANALYSIS AND QUALITY EVALUATION OF OPENSTREETMAP DATA

2019 ◽  
Vol IV-2/W5 ◽  
pp. 535-541
Author(s):  
A. Martini ◽  
P. V. Kuper ◽  
M. Breunig
Keyword(s):  
City Planning ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Change Analysis ◽  
Open Research ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Geometric Changes ◽  
Automated Database

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> A significant advantage of OpenStreetMap data is its up-to-dateness. However, for rural and city planning, it is also of importance to access historical data and to compare the changes between new and old versions of the same area. This paper first introduces into a differentiated classification of changes on OpenStreetMap data sets. Then a methodology for an automated database-supported analysis of changes is presented. Beyond the information already provided from the OpenStreetMap server, we present a more detailed analysis with derived information. Based on this approach it is possible to identify objects with attributive or geometric changes and to find out how they exactly differ from their previous versions. The analysis shows in which regions mappers were active during a certain time interval. Furthermore, a time based approach based on various parameters to determine the quality of the data is presented. It provides a guideline of data quality and works without any reference data. Therefore, an indication about the development of OpenStreetMap in terms of completeness and correctness of the data in different regions is given. Finally, a conclusion and an outlook on open research questions are presented.</p>

scholarly journals Land cover change analysis in Mexico using 30m Landsat and 250m MODIS data

2015 ◽  
Vol XL-7/W3 ◽  
pp. 367-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. Colditz ◽  
R. M. Llamas ◽  
R. A. Ressl
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Change Detection ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Change Analysis ◽  
Dimensional Error ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Coarse Spatial Resolution

Change detection is one of the most important and widely requested applications of terrestrial remote sensing. Despite a wealth of techniques and successful studies, there is still a need for research in remote sensing science. This paper addresses two important issues: the temporal and spatial scales of change maps. Temporal scales relate to the time interval between observations for successful change detection. We compare annual change detection maps accumulated over five years against direct change detection over that period. Spatial scales relate to the spatial resolution of remote sensing products. We compare fractions from 30m Landsat change maps to 250m grid cells that match MODIS change products. Results suggest that change detection at annual scales better detect abrupt changes, in particular those that do not persist over a longer period. The analysis across spatial scales strongly recommends the use of an appropriate analysis technique, such as change fractions from fine spatial resolution data for comparison with coarse spatial resolution maps. Plotting those results in bi-dimensional error space and analyzing various criteria, the “lowest cost”, according to a user defined (here hyperbolic) cost function, was found most useful. In general, we found a poor match between Landsat and MODIS-based change maps which, besides obvious differences in the capabilities to detect change, is likely related to change detection errors in both data sets.

scholarly journals Analysis of assessment criteria for selected systems of transport means operation

2018 ◽  
Vol 182 ◽  
pp. 02003
Author(s):  
Łukasz Muślewski ◽  
Leszek Knopik ◽  
Bogdan Landowski ◽  
Oleh Polishchuk
Keyword(s):  
Time Moment ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Sociotechnical System ◽  
Human Driver ◽  
System Functioning ◽  
Technical Systems

The problems discussed in the study are connected with evaluation of complex technical systems functioning, in particular, transport systems. It was assumed that evaluation of their functioning depends on fulfilment degree of selected criteria. Therefore, it is important to determine a set of criteria including their type, number and importance. Since the research object is a public city transport system considered to be a sociotechnical system of the type: human (driver) –machine (vehicle) and the environment <H-M-E>, the criteria to be used for the assessment must include behavior of humans, operation of transport means, and the environmental impact. Thus, selection and determination of importance of significant, time variable, measurable and independent characteristics whose values, in a given time moment or a given time interval, define fulfillment degree of the criteria provide the basis for evaluation of such systems functioning. The quality of technical systems functioning in time is assessed on the basis of the criteria fulfilment degree or comparison and classification of different systems of the same type. It needs to be emphasized that the choice of optimal methods for selection of relevant criteria and determination of their impact on the analyzed system functioning is the research subject of study.

INITIAL DATA FOR FIRE RISK ASSESSMEN CALCULATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-21
Author(s):  
Екатерина Сергеевна Кирик ◽  
Ирек Равильевич Хасанов ◽  
Кирилл Юрьевич Литвинцев ◽  
Евгений Алексеевич Ягодка
Keyword(s):  
Initial Data ◽  
Calculation Result ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Regulatory Requirements ◽  
Fire Area ◽  
Quantitative Impact

На основе рассмотрения нормативных требований и исследований проведения расчетов по определению расчетной величины пожарного риска для общественных зданий осуществлен анализ состава исходных данных, используемых при численном моделировании пожаров. Показано, что от состава и качества исходных данных зависят результат расчета и, как следствие, качество разрабатываемых противопожарных мероприятий. Приведена классификация исходных данных, принимаемых в расчетах по определению расчетной величины пожарного риска для объекта защиты. Выделены два основных набора данных: получаемые на объекте и определяемые сформулированными сценариями по результатам обследования объекта. Приведен список параметров, которые оказывают качественное и количественное влияние на результат расчета, представлены способы определения количественных значений таких параметров, как площадь горения, удельная масса горючей нагрузки. There is carried out the analysis of the initial data structure used for numerical modeling of fires based on regulatory requirements and investigation in performance of calculations to determine the estimated value of fire risk for municipal buildings. It is shown that the calculation result depends on the composition and quality of the initial data. And as a consequence, the quality of the developed fire prevention measures also depends on the composition and quality of the initial data. There is given the classification of the initial data used in calculations to determine the estimated value of fire risk for the object of protection. The two main data sets are distinguished: those obtained on the object and those determined by formulated scenarios. A list of parameters that have a qualitative and quantitative impact on the calculation result is provided. Methods for determining the quantitative values of such parameters as the fire area, specific mass of the combustible load are presented.

Self-Adjustment for Service Provisioning in Grids

2010 ◽  
pp. 495-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Batista ◽  
Nelson L.S. da Fonseca
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Resource Availability ◽  
Service Provisioning ◽  
Grid Systems ◽  
Open Research ◽  
Service Oriented ◽  
Weak Points ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
The Creation

The fluctuation in resource availability, as well as the uncertainties in relation to requirements for applications, call for the implementation of grids that self-adjust resource allocations to avoid degradation in the quality of service provided for those applications. Various proposals have been made for grid systems that will react to changes in resource availability, which are the key for the creation of service-oriented grids. The purpose of this chapter is to present the main characteristics which are necessary for these systems to provide quality of service. Twelve grid systems are described, highlighting their differences and presenting their strong and weak points for the construction of service-oriented grids. The chapter also presents open research questions.

Practical strategies for classification of unexploded ordnance

Geophysics ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. E41-E46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurens Beran ◽  
Barry Zelt ◽  
Leonard Pasion ◽  
Stephen Billings ◽  
Kevin Kingdon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Classification Performance ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Unexploded Ordnance ◽  
Model Quality ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Time Domain Electromagnetic

We have developed practical strategies for discriminating between buried unexploded ordnance (UXO) and metallic clutter. These methods are applicable to time-domain electromagnetic data acquired with multistatic, multicomponent sensors designed for UXO classification. Each detected target is characterized by dipole polarizabilities estimated via inversion of the observed sensor data. The polarizabilities are intrinsic target features and so are used to distinguish between UXO and clutter. We tested this processing with four data sets from recent field demonstrations, with each data set characterized by metrics of data and model quality. We then developed techniques for building a representative training data set and determined how the variable quality of estimated features affects overall classification performance. Finally, we devised a technique to optimize classification performance by adapting features during target prioritization.

scholarly journals Automated identification of leukocyte subsets improves standardization of database-guided expert-supervised diagnostic orientation in acute leukemia: a EuroFlow study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludovic Lhermitte ◽  
◽  
Sylvain Barreau ◽  
Daniela Morf ◽  
Paula Fernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
Reference Database ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
Normal Cells ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Normal Peripheral Blood ◽  
Automated Database

Abstract Precise classification of acute leukemia (AL) is crucial for adequate treatment. EuroFlow has previously designed an AL orientation tube (ALOT) to guide toward the relevant classification panel and final diagnosis. In this study, we designed and validated an algorithm for automated (database-supported) gating and identification (AGI tool) of cell subsets within samples stained with ALOT. A reference database of normal peripheral blood (PB, n = 41) and bone marrow (BM; n = 45) samples analyzed with the ALOT was constructed, and served as a reference for the AGI tool to automatically identify normal cells. Populations not unequivocally identified as normal cells were labeled as checks and were classified by an expert. Additional normal BM (n = 25) and PB (n = 43) and leukemic samples (n = 109), analyzed in parallel by experts and the AGI tool, were used to evaluate the AGI tool. Analysis of normal PB and BM samples showed low percentages of checks (<3% in PB, <10% in BM), with variations between different laboratories. Manual analysis and AGI analysis of normal and leukemic samples showed high levels of correlation between cell numbers (r2 > 0.95 for all cell types in PB and r2 > 0.75 in BM) and resulted in highly concordant classification of leukemic cells by our previously published automated database-guided expert-supervised orientation tool for immunophenotypic diagnosis and classification of acute leukemia (Compass tool). Similar data were obtained using alternative, commercially available tubes, confirming the robustness of the developed tools. The AGI tool represents an innovative step in minimizing human intervention and requirements in expertise, toward a “sample-in and result-out” approach which may result in more objective and reproducible data analysis and diagnostics. The AGI tool may improve quality of immunophenotyping in individual laboratories, since high percentages of checks in normal samples are an alert on the quality of the internal procedures.

Money transfers within caring dyads: some open research questions

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-370
Author(s):  
Žan Lep
Keyword(s):  
Financial Support ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Financial Fragility ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Psychological Burden ◽  
Care Recipients ◽  
Open Research ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Money Transfers

By its definition, care is not (financially) reimbursed. However, care recipients often provide material and/or financial support to their carers, which may be related to a range of psychological and social outcomes, such as the financial fragility of care recipients, changes in the quality of relationships and care, or psychological burden. In this article, I provide a brief overview of the extant knowledge on the topic and discuss some of the research questions that should be addressed in the future, both through analyses of longitudinal data and through focused research projects, linking them to the aforementioned outcomes and overall well-being of the carers.

DATA MINING KLASTERISASI PENJUALAN ALAT-ALAT BANGUNAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE K-MEANS (STUDI KASUS DI TOKO ADI BANGUNAN)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-91
Author(s):  
M. Hasyim Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Large Data Sets ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Operational Cost ◽  
Use Of Data

In the world of business competition today, we are required to continually develop business to always survive in the competition. To achieve this there are a few things that can be done is to improve the quality of the product, adding the type of product and operational cost reduction company with how to use data analysis of the company. Data mining is a technology that automate the process to find interesting patterns and sensitive from the large data sets. This allows human understanding about finding patterns and scalability techniques. The store Adi Bangunan is a shop which is engaged in the sale of building materials and household who have such a system on supermarket namely buyers took own goods that will be purchased. Sales data, purchase goods or reimbursed some unexpected is not well ordered, so that the data is only function as archive for the store and cannot be used for the development of marketing strategy. In this research, data mining applied using the model of the process of K-Means that provides a standard process for the use of data mining in various areas used in the classification of because the results of this method can be easily understood and interpreted.

scholarly journals Peer-Reviewed Open Research Data: Results of a Pilot

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjan Grootveld ◽  
Jeff Van Egmond
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Research Quality ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Electronic Archive ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The Core ◽  
Open Research

Peer review of publications is at the core of science and primarily seen as instrument for ensuring research quality. However, it is less common to independently value the quality of the underlying data as well. In the light of the ‘data deluge’ it makes sense to extend peer review to the data itself and this way evaluate the degree to which the data are fit for re-use. This paper describes a pilot study at EASY - the electronic archive for (open) research data at our institution. In EASY, researchers can archive their data and add metadata themselves. Devoted to open access and data sharing, at the archive we are interested in further enriching these metadata with peer reviews.As a pilot, we established a workflow where researchers who have downloaded data sets from the archive were asked to review the downloaded data set. This paper describes the details of the pilot including the findings, both quantitative and qualitative. Finally, we discuss issues that need to be solved when such a pilot is turned into a structural peer review functionality for the archiving system.

scholarly journals The impact of long-term construction subjects and industrial areas on the geoecology of cities and development of depressed urban spaces

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Kurochkina
Keyword(s):  
City Planning ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Urban System ◽  
Town Planning ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Complex Information ◽  
The Impact

The matter of formation of depressive territories as well as their environmental impact and impact on the urban system environment is considered in this article. Such territories traditionally include agrarian and industrial, extracting (focal) and old industrial ones. The signs of "depressiveness" are the following: availability of the abandoned, destroyed or half-ruined structures, having different level of moral and physical deterioration, in the territory. It is noted in the article, that the long decrease in the indicators of quality of the environment is observed on depressive spaces, and that the term "depressive" is used in relation to the spaces in city planning and ecology more and more often. At the same time, as the author specifies in the article, when studying the matter of depressive spaces (especially from the ecological and town-planning positions) they very seldom mention one more version of such spaces, e.i. the subjects of construction in progress (long-term construction subjects). Negative impact of unfinished constructions on the quality of life in the cities has multidimensional character. Some of their aspects emerge at considerable distance from the abandoned buildings. That was the purpose of carried out research of some subjects of construction in progress and the territories adjoining to them. Besides, complex information analysis on the abandoned city buildings, existing in other countries was carried out. According to the received results, the classification of subjects of construction in progress was developed. The stages of their degradation and the impacts on living conditions of urban population, accompanying them, were identified. The need of complex hazard assessment of unfinished constructions as the uncontrollable degrading coupled human-environment systems is proved.

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