scholarly journals SOLAR POTENTIAL ANALYSIS AND INTEGRATION OF THE TIME-DEPENDENT SIMULATION RESULTS FOR SEMANTIC 3D CITY MODELS USING DYNAMIZERS

2017 ◽  
Vol IV-4/W5 ◽  
pp. 25-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Chaturvedi ◽  
B. Willenborg ◽  
M. Sindram ◽  
T. H. Kolbe
Keyword(s):  
Phase 1 ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
3D City Models ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Domain Extension ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
The City ◽  
Support Time ◽  
City Models

Semantic 3D city models play an important role in solving complex real-world problems and are being adopted by many cities around the world. A wide range of application and simulation scenarios directly benefit from the adoption of international standards such as CityGML. However, most of the simulations involve properties, whose values vary with respect to time, and the current generation semantic 3D city models do not support time-dependent properties explicitly. In this paper, the details of solar potential simulations are provided operating on the CityGML standard, assessing and estimating solar energy production for the roofs and facades of the 3D building objects in different ways. Furthermore, the paper demonstrates how the time-dependent simulation results are better-represented inline within 3D city models utilizing the so-called Dynamizer concept. This concept not only allows representing the simulation results in standardized ways, but also delivers a method to enhance static city models by such dynamic property values making the city models truly dynamic. The dynamizer concept has been implemented as an Application Domain Extension of the CityGML standard within the OGC Future City Pilot Phase 1. The results are given in this paper.

scholarly journals A REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS ON EXTENDING SEMANTIC 3D CITY MODELS FOR SUPPORTING TIME-DEPENDENT PROPERTIES

2019 ◽  
Vol IV-4/W9 ◽  
pp. 19-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Chaturvedi ◽  
T. H. Kolbe
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Information ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Data Models ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
3D City Models ◽  
Semantic Data ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Support Time ◽  
City Models

Abstract. Semantic 3D City Models are used worldwide for different application domains ranging from Smart Cities, Simulations, Planning to History and Archeology. Well-defined data models like CityGML, IFC and INSPIRE Data Themes allow describing spatial, graphical and semantic information of physical objects. However, cities and their properties are not static and change with respect to time. Hence, it is important that such semantic data models handle different types of changes that take place in cities and their attributes over time. This paper provides a systematic analysis and recommendations for extensions of Semantic 3D City Models in order to support time-dependent properties. This paper reviews different application domains in order to identify key requirements for temporal and dynamic extensions and proposes ways to incorporate these extensions. Over the last couple of years, different extensions have been proposed for these standards to deal with temporal attributes. This paper also presents an analysis to which degree these extensions cover the requirements for dynamic city models.

scholarly journals Building Virtual 3D City Model for Smart Cities Applications: A Case Study on Campus Area of the University of Novi Sad

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dušan Jovanović ◽  
Stevan Milovanov ◽  
Igor Ruskovski ◽  
Miro Govedarica ◽  
Dubravka Sladić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smart Cities ◽  
Airborne Lidar ◽  
3D City Models ◽  
3D City Model ◽  
City Model ◽  
Novi Sad ◽  
The University ◽  
The City ◽  
City Models

The Smart Cities data and applications need to replicate, as faithfully as possible, the state of the city and to simulate possible alternative futures. In order to do this, the modelling of the city should cover all aspects of the city that are relevant to the problems that require smart solutions. In this context, 2D and 3D spatial data play a key role, in particular 3D city models. One of the methods for collecting data that can be used for developing such 3D city models is Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), a technology that has provided opportunities to generate large-scale 3D city models at relatively low cost. The collected data is further processed to obtain fully developed photorealistic virtual 3D city models. The goal of this research is to develop virtual 3D city model based on airborne LiDAR surveying and to analyze its applicability toward Smart Cities applications. It this paper, we present workflow that goes from data collection by LiDAR, through extract, transform, load (ETL) transformations and data processing to developing 3D virtual city model and finally discuss its future potential usage scenarios in various fields of application such as modern ICT-based urban planning and 3D cadaster. The results are presented on the case study of campus area of the University of Novi Sad.

scholarly journals TOWARDS WIND-SIMULATION OF VIRTUAL 3D CITY MODELS IN A COLLABORATIVE VR ENVIRONMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-4/W15 ◽  
pp. 61-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Piepereit ◽  
A. Beuster ◽  
M. von der Gruen ◽  
U. Voß ◽  
M. Pries ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Simulation ◽  
Level Of Detail ◽  
Planning Systems ◽  
3D City Models ◽  
Building Models ◽  
Wind Simulation ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
City Model ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
City Models

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Virtual reality (VR) technologies are used more and more in product development processes and are upcoming in urban planning systems as well. They help to visualize big amounts of data in self-explanatory way and improve people’s interpretation of results. In this paper we demonstrate the process of visualizing a city model together with wind simulation results in a collaborative VR system. In order to make this kind of visualization possible a considerable amount of preliminary work is necessary: healing and simplification of building models, conversion of these data into an appropriate CAD-format and numerical simulation of wind flow around the buildings. The data obtained from these procedures are visualized in a collaborative VR-System. In our approach CityGML models in the LoD (Level of Detail) 1, 2 and 3 can be used as an input. They are converted into the STEP format, commonly used in CAD for simulation and representation. For this publication we use an exemplary LoD1 model from the district Stöckach-Stuttgart. After preprocessing the model, the results are combined with those of an air flow simulation and afterwards depicted in a VR system with a HTC Vive as well as in a CAVE and a Powerwall. This provides researchers, city planners and technicians with the means to flexibly and interactively exchange simulation results in a virtual environment.</p>

scholarly journals Versioning of 3D City Models for Municipality Applications: Needs, Obstacles and Recommendations

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Helen Eriksson ◽  
Lars Harrie
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Work Processes ◽  
Version Management ◽  
3D City Models ◽  
Building Permits ◽  
Substantial Investment ◽  
City Model ◽  
The City ◽  
Model Layer ◽  
City Models

The use of 3D city models is changing from visualization to complex use cases where they act as 3D base maps. This requires links to registers and continuous updating of the city models. Still, most models never change or are recreated instead of updated. This study identifies obstacles to version management of 3D city models and proposes recommendations to overcome them, with a main focus on the municipality perspective, foremost in the planning and building processes. As part of this study, we investigate whether national building registers can control the version management of 3D city models. A case study based on investigations of standards, interviews and a review of tools is presented. The study uses an architectural model divided into four layers: data collection, building theme, city model and application. All layers require changes when implementing a new versioning method: the data collection layer requires restructuring of technical solutions and work processes, storage of the national building register requires restructuring, versioning capabilities must be propagated to the city model layer, and tools at the application layer must handle temporal information better. Strong incentives for including versioning in 3D city models are essential, as substantial investment is required to implement versioning in all the layers. Only capabilities required by applications should be implemented, as the complexity grows with the number of versioning functionalities. One outcome of the study is a recommendation to link 3D city models more closely to building registers. This enables more complex use in, e.g., building permits and 3D cadastres, and authorities can fetch required (versioning) information directly from the city model layer.

Geoecology of the city: models of environmental quality

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Sokol'skaya ◽  
Boris Kochurov
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Analytical Model ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Integrated Assessment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The City ◽  
City Models ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The monograph examines the features of studying the geoecological state of urbanized territories, reveals the use of integrated assessment and mapping in urban diagnostics, and finds a solution to geoecological problems on the example of world cities that are leading in the rating for quality of life. The components of an information and analytical model of the urban environment for assessing the geoecological situation are described; an algorithm for a comprehensive study of the geoecological state aimed at an adequate assessment of the quality of the urban environment. Special attention is paid to the methodology of geoecological assessment of the quality of the urban environment based on multifactor modeling, which allows making recommendations for improving the comfort of living of the population. It is intended for a wide range of specialists in the field of geoecology of the city, and can also be used as a textbook for students of environmental, natural-geographical, engineering specialties.

scholarly journals RESEARCH OF HOTEL SERVICES MARKET IN ASTRAKHAN

2019 ◽  
pp. 89-97
Author(s):  
Tatyana Vasilyevna Day ◽  
Tatyana Nikolaevna Pek ◽  
Tamara Nikolaevna Nikulina
Keyword(s):  
Supply And Demand ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Language Training ◽  
Travel Information ◽  
Limited Volume ◽  
Management Personnel ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Physical Infrastructure ◽  
Hotel Chains ◽  
The City

The article presents the analysis of the hotel services market in the city of Astrakhan and in the Astrakhan region. The description of the market of hotels and other tourist lodgings in Astrakhan is given. In the result of the carried-out analysis it has been stated that in the hotel services market in Astrakhan there are a great number of the participants and the market is evenly distributed. The supply and demand of hotel rooms are rather balanced in all price segments. An exception is a budgetary segment where the demand is most acute. The situation has persisted for several years, but now there have emerged some improvement. There is a requirement for large facilities (200 and more numbers) offering a wide range of additional services including entertaining ones with corresponding physical infrastructure for undertaking major activities. Shortcomings of the hotel services market in Astrakhan are caused by a number of problems: a limited number of the hotels conforming to the international standards; low presence of hotels of the international hotel chains and lack of officially categorized means of placement; shortcomings of material equipment of the hotels; weak implementation of innovative technologies into the work of hotels, management, personnel training, overestimated tariff policy; insufficient language training of employees in the sphere of hospitality; limited volume of travel information and scarce translation centers. To raise the activity of the hotel business companies in Astrakhan it has been suggested to introduce modern tools of strategic management and marketing: loyalty of clients, mobile services, creativity in advertising campaigns.

scholarly journals Study of City Landscape Heritage Using Lidar Data and 3d-City Models

2015 ◽  
Vol XL-7/W3 ◽  
pp. 1395-1402 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Rubinowicz ◽  
K. Czyńska
Keyword(s):  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Airborne Lidar ◽  
Town Planning ◽  
Lidar Data ◽  
Maximum Height ◽  
City Development ◽  
3D City Models ◽  
Urban Structures ◽  
The City ◽  
City Models

In contemporary town planning protection of urban landscape is a significant issue. It regards especially those cities, where urban structures are the result of ages of evolution and layering of historical development process. Specific panoramas and other strategic views with historic city dominants can be an important part of the cultural heritage and genius loci. Other hand, protection of such expositions introduces limitations for future based city development. Digital Earth observation techniques creates new possibilities for more accurate urban studies, monitoring of urbanization processes and measuring of city landscape parameters. The paper examines possibilities of application of Lidar data and digital 3D-city models for: a) evaluation of strategic city views, b) mapping landscape absorption limits, and c) determination protection zones, where the urbanization and buildings height should be limited. In reference to this goal, the paper introduces a method of computational analysis of the city landscape called Visual Protection Surface (VPS). The method allows to emulate a virtual surface above the city including protection of a selected strategic views. The surface defines maximum height of buildings in such a way, that no new facility can be seen in any of selected views. The research includes also analyses of the quality of simulations according the form and precision of the input data: airborne Lidar / DSM model and more advanced 3D-city models (incl. semantic of the geometry, like in CityGML format). The outcome can be a support for professional planning of tall building development. Application of VPS method have been prepared by a computer program developed by the authors (C++). Simulations were carried out on an example of the city of Dresden.

scholarly journals HERITAGE HOUSE MAINTENANCE USING 3D CITY MODEL APPLICATION DOMAIN EXTENSION APPROACH

2017 ◽  
Vol XLII-4/W6 ◽  
pp. 73-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. H. Mohd ◽  
U. Ujang ◽  
T. Liat Choon
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Architectural Heritage ◽  
3D City Models ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
3D City Model ◽  
Standard Tool ◽  
Level Of Details ◽  
Domain Extension ◽  
City Model ◽  
City Models

Heritage house is part of the architectural heritage of Malaysia that highly valued. Many efforts by the Department of Heritage to preserve this heritage house such as monitoring the damage problems of heritage house. The damage problems of heritage house might be caused by wooden decay, roof leakage and exfoliation of wall. One of the initiatives for maintaining and documenting this heritage house is through Three-dimensional (3D) of technology. 3D city models are widely used now and much used by researchers for management and analysis. CityGML is a standard tool that usually used by researchers to exchange, storing and managing virtual 3D city models either geometric and semantic information. Moreover, it also represent multi-scale of 3D model in five level of details (LoDs) whereby each of level give a distinctive functions. The extension of CityGML was recently introduced and can be used for problems monitoring and the number of habitants of a house.

scholarly journals CONCEPT AND EVALUATION OF AN URBAN PLATFORM FOR INTERACTIVE VISUAL ANALYTICS

2021 ◽  
Vol VIII-4/W1-2021 ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
H. Ebrahim ◽  
T. Santhanavanich ◽  
P. Wuerstle ◽  
V. Coors
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analytics ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
3D City Models ◽  
Pollutants Emission ◽  
2D Data ◽  
The Right ◽  
The City ◽  
City Systems ◽  
City Models

Abstract. Urban platforms are becoming a vital role player in city resources management for achieving the right balance between social and economic services and their impact on the environment. More and more cities are starting to benefit from an urban platform to state the city conditions and re-coin the shape of life depending on data gathered from different city systems. However, urban platforms need further support of data analytics in respect of reaching a smart city platform helping city planners with better decision making. Besides, the majority of operational urban platforms consider 2D data only, missing out on the possible information that could be obtained from 3D city models. This work proposes a concept for an urban platform that supports data manipulation and visualization plus interactive analytic functionalities. As a prototype, an urban platform is implemented for integrating and processing 3D city models and 2D traffic data to derive air pollutants emission rates with analytic visualization, leading urban planning to concentrate on the most affected areas. In addition, interactive features are implemented, including filtering, querying, and classifying data to support the analytic visualization in the developed urban platform.

Death in the City

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn A. Sloan
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Inquiry ◽  
The United States ◽  
Violent Death ◽  
Special Relationship ◽  
Intimate Friend ◽  
Counter Narrative ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
European Heritage ◽  
The City ◽  
The Temple

Popular culture has long conflated Mexico with the macabre. Some persuasive intellectuals argue that Mexicans have a special relationship with death, formed in the crucible of their hybrid Aztec-European heritage. Death is their intimate friend; death is mocked and accepted with irony and fatalistic abandon. The commonplace nature of death desensitizes Mexicans to suffering. Death, simply put, defines Mexico. There must have been historical actors who looked away from human misery, but to essentialize a diverse group of people as possessing a unique death cult delights those who want to see the exotic in Mexico or distinguish that society from its peers. Examining tragic and untimely death—namely self-annihilation—reveals a counter narrative. What could be more chilling than suicide, especially the violent death of the young? What desperation or madness pushed the victim to raise the gun to the temple or slip the noose around the neck? A close examination of a wide range of twentieth-century historical documents proves that Mexicans did not accept death with a cavalier chuckle nor develop a unique death cult, for that matter. Quite the reverse, Mexicans behaved just as their contemporaries did in Austria, France, England, and the United States. They devoted scientific inquiry to the malady and mourned the loss of each life to suicide.

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