scholarly journals FINE REGISTRATION OF KILO-STATION NETWORKS - A MODERN PROCEDURE FOR TERRESTRIAL LASER SCANNING DATA SETS

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B5 ◽  
pp. 485-492
Author(s):  
J.-F. Hullo
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Information Models ◽  
3D Network ◽  
Laser Scanners ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Fine Registration

We propose a complete methodology for the fine registration and referencing of kilo-station networks of terrestrial laser scanner data currently used for many valuable purposes such as 3D as-built reconstruction of Building Information Models (BIM) or industrial asbuilt mock-ups. This comprehensive target-based process aims to achieve the global tolerance below a few centimetres across a 3D network including more than 1,000 laser stations spread over 10 floors. This procedure is particularly valuable for 3D networks of indoor congested environments. In situ, the use of terrestrial laser scanners, the layout of the targets and the set-up of a topographic control network should comply with the expert methods specific to surveyors. Using parametric and reduced Gauss-Helmert models, the network is expressed as a set of functional constraints with a related stochastic model. During the post-processing phase inspired by geodesy methods, a robust cost function is minimised. At the scale of such a data set, the complexity of the 3D network is beyond comprehension. The surveyor, even an expert, must be supported, in his analysis, by digital and visual indicators. In addition to the standard indicators used for the adjustment methods, including Baarda’s reliability, we introduce spectral analysis tools of graph theory for identifying different types of errors or a lack of robustness of the system as well as <i>in fine</i> documenting the quality of the registration.

scholarly journals FINE REGISTRATION OF KILO-STATION NETWORKS - A MODERN PROCEDURE FOR TERRESTRIAL LASER SCANNING DATA SETS

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B5 ◽  
pp. 485-492
Author(s):  
J.-F. Hullo
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Information Models ◽  
3D Network ◽  
Laser Scanners ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Fine Registration

We propose a complete methodology for the fine registration and referencing of kilo-station networks of terrestrial laser scanner data currently used for many valuable purposes such as 3D as-built reconstruction of Building Information Models (BIM) or industrial asbuilt mock-ups. This comprehensive target-based process aims to achieve the global tolerance below a few centimetres across a 3D network including more than 1,000 laser stations spread over 10 floors. This procedure is particularly valuable for 3D networks of indoor congested environments. In situ, the use of terrestrial laser scanners, the layout of the targets and the set-up of a topographic control network should comply with the expert methods specific to surveyors. Using parametric and reduced Gauss-Helmert models, the network is expressed as a set of functional constraints with a related stochastic model. During the post-processing phase inspired by geodesy methods, a robust cost function is minimised. At the scale of such a data set, the complexity of the 3D network is beyond comprehension. The surveyor, even an expert, must be supported, in his analysis, by digital and visual indicators. In addition to the standard indicators used for the adjustment methods, including Baarda’s reliability, we introduce spectral analysis tools of graph theory for identifying different types of errors or a lack of robustness of the system as well as &lt;i&gt;in fine&lt;/i&gt; documenting the quality of the registration.

scholarly journals COMBINATION OF THERMAL AND GEOMETRIC INFORMATION FOR BIM ENRICHMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W15 ◽  
pp. 719-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Macher ◽  
M. Boudhaim ◽  
P. Grussenmeyer ◽  
M. Siroux ◽  
T. Landes
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Thermal Analyses ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Existing Buildings ◽  
Energy Audit ◽  
Geometric Information ◽  
Information Models ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Reduction Of Energy Consumption

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> In the context of building renovation, infrared (IR) cameras are widely used to perform the energy audit of buildings. They allow analysing precisely the energetic performances of existing buildings and thermal analyses represent a key step for the reduction of energy consumption. They are also used to assess the thermal comfort of people living or working in a building. Building Information Models (BIM) are widespread to plan the rehabilitation of existing buildings and laser scanning is now commonly used to capture the geometry of buildings for as-built BIM creation. The combination of thermographic and geometric data presents a high number and variety of applications (Lagüela and Díaz-Vilariño, 2016). However, geometric and thermal information are generally acquired separately by different building stakeholders and thermal analyses are performed with independence of geometry. In this paper, the combination of thermal and geometric information is investigated for indoor of buildings. The aim of the project is to create 3D thermographic point clouds based on data acquired by a laser scanner and a thermal camera. Based on these point clouds, BIM models might be enriched with thermal information through the scan-to-BIM process.</p>

scholarly journals CREATING AND MAINTAINING DIGITAL PLANS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF MINING ENTERPRISES IN THE KEMEROVO REGION

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 25-34
Author(s):  
Anatoly G. Nevolin ◽  
Denis B. Novoselov
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Document Management ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Information Models ◽  
Electronic Document Management ◽  
Laser Scanners ◽  
Building Information

Currently, in the design of large industrial enterprises, modern building information models (BIM) are being introduced and further used at the construction site. The construction industry is transitioning to digitalization of information modeling processes using spatial data and electronic document management. Therefore, it is proposed to use unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and terrestrial laser scanners more efficiently for geodetic monitoring of the construction of industrial facilities of mining enterprises. With the systematic monitoring of construction, a full-fledged master plan is created, which reflects all deviations from the project, including works that were not provided for in the project documentation. It is known that using UAVs to collect spatial data, it is possible to control earthworks, pile fields, foundations, temporary roads and landscaping. Structures such as metal and reinforced concrete columns, trusses, beams, technological equipment, complex above-ground pipelines and facades are advisable to be monitored using a ground-based laser scanner. All the data obtained during geodetic monitoring can be combined in a single project and jointly used for a comprehensive solution of various applied engineering problems both in the process of monitoring buildings and structures being erected, and during their operation.

scholarly journals An Inspection of IFC Models from Practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2232
Author(s):  
Francesca Noardo ◽  
Ken Arroyo Ohori ◽  
Thomas Krijnen ◽  
Jantien Stoter
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Information ◽  
Automatic Analysis ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Industry Foundation Classes ◽  
Standard Data ◽  
Information Models ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Open Standard ◽  
High Level

Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) is a complete, wide and complex open standard data model to represent Building Information Models. Big efforts are being made by the standardization organization buildingSMART, to develop and maintain this standard in collaboration with researchers, companies and institutions. However, when trying to use IFC models from practice for automatic analysis, some issues emerge, as a consequence of a misalignment between what is prescribed by, or available in, the standard with the data sets that are produced in practice. In this study, a sample of models produced by practitioners for aims different from their explicit use within automatic processing tools is inspected and analyzed. The aim is to find common patterns in data set from practice and their possible discrepancies with the standard, in order to find ways to address such discrepancies in a next step. In particular, it is noticeable that the overall quality of the models requires specific additional care by the modellers before relying on them for automatic analysis, and a high level of variability is present concerning the storage of some relevant information (such as georeferencing).

scholarly journals Post-mission misalignment angle calibration for airborne laser scanners

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy Anne Dillane
Keyword(s):  
Laser Pulse ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Angular Misalignment ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Point Matching ◽  
Airborne Laser ◽  
Laser Scanners ◽  
Least Squares Adjustment

An Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) system operates by locating returned laser pulses independently from all others. Locating the returned laser pulses requires knowing precisely for each laser pulse, the aircraft position (e.g. GPS), the attitude of the aircraft (e.g. IMU), the scanner angle when the laser pulse left the sensor, and the slant range to the terrain surface for that pulse. One of the most critical errors in ALS systems is the angular misalignment between the scanner and the IMU, which is called the misalignment or boresight error. This error must be addressed before an ALS system can accurately produce data. The purpose of this thesis was to develop and test a method of estimating the small misalignment angles between the laser scanner and the combined GPS/IMU solution for position and attitude. This method is semi-automated, requires no ground control and does not re-sample the ALS data in order to match the overlapping strips of data. A computer program called Misalignment Estimator was developed to estimate the misalignment angles using a least squares adjustment. The method was tested using a data set located at the Oshawa airport and provided by Optech. The misalignment angles were estimated to be -0.0178 degrees, -0.0829 degrees and 0.0320 degrees, for roll, pitch and heading respectively. The estimation of the misalignment angles was considered to be successful. Further research into automated point matching is recommended.

scholarly journals Post-mission misalignment angle calibration for airborne laser scanners

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy Anne Dillane
Keyword(s):  
Laser Pulse ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Angular Misalignment ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Point Matching ◽  
Airborne Laser ◽  
Laser Scanners ◽  
Least Squares Adjustment

An Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) system operates by locating returned laser pulses independently from all others. Locating the returned laser pulses requires knowing precisely for each laser pulse, the aircraft position (e.g. GPS), the attitude of the aircraft (e.g. IMU), the scanner angle when the laser pulse left the sensor, and the slant range to the terrain surface for that pulse. One of the most critical errors in ALS systems is the angular misalignment between the scanner and the IMU, which is called the misalignment or boresight error. This error must be addressed before an ALS system can accurately produce data. The purpose of this thesis was to develop and test a method of estimating the small misalignment angles between the laser scanner and the combined GPS/IMU solution for position and attitude. This method is semi-automated, requires no ground control and does not re-sample the ALS data in order to match the overlapping strips of data. A computer program called Misalignment Estimator was developed to estimate the misalignment angles using a least squares adjustment. The method was tested using a data set located at the Oshawa airport and provided by Optech. The misalignment angles were estimated to be -0.0178 degrees, -0.0829 degrees and 0.0320 degrees, for roll, pitch and heading respectively. The estimation of the misalignment angles was considered to be successful. Further research into automated point matching is recommended.

A scan to as-built building information modeling workflow: a case study in Malaysia

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 923-940
Author(s):  
Abdul Rahman Ahsan Usmani ◽  
Abdalrahman Elshafey ◽  
Masoud Gheisari ◽  
Changsaar Chai ◽  
Eeydzah Binti Aminudin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Building Information Modeling ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Facility Management ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Information Models ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Building Information Models

Purpose Three dimensional (3 D) laser scanner surveying is widely used in many fields, such as agriculture, mining and heritage documentation and can be of great benefit for as-built documentation in construction and facility management domains. However, there is lack of applied research and use cases integrating 3 D laser scanner surveying with building information modeling (BIM) for existing facilities in Malaysia. This study aims to develop a scan to as-built BIM workflow to use 3 D laser scanner surveying and create as-built building information models of an existing complex facility in Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach A case study approach was followed to develop a scan to as-built BIM workflow through four main steps: 3 D laser scanning, data preprocessing, data registration and building information modeling. Findings This case study proposes a comprehensive scan to as-built BIM workflow which illustrates all the required steps to create a precise 3 D as-built building information model from scans. This workflow was successfully implemented to the Eco-Home facility at the Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. Originality/value Scan to as-built BIM is a digital alternative to manual and tedious process of documentation of as-built condition of a facility and provides a detail process using laser scans to create as-built building information models of facilities.

scholarly journals INTEGRATING TOPOGRAPHIC, PHOTOGRAMMETRIC AND LASER SCANNING TECHNIQUES FOR A SCAN-TO-BIM PROCESS

2021 ◽  
Vol XLIII-B2-2021 ◽  
pp. 883-890
Author(s):  
M. Lo Brutto ◽  
E. Iuculano ◽  
P. Lo Giudice
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Building Information Modeling ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Parametric Modeling ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
The Real ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Heritage Building

Abstract. The preservation of historic buildings can often be particularly difficult due to the lack of detailed information about architectural features, construction details, etc.. However, in recent years considerable technological innovation in the field of Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) has been achieved by the Building Information Modeling (BIM) process. BIM was developed as a methodology used mainly for new construction but, given its considerable potential, this approach can also be successfully used for existing buildings, especially for buildings of historical and architectural value. In this case, it is more properly referred to as Historic – or Heritage – Building Information Modeling (HBIM). In the HBIM process, it is essential to precede the parametric modeling phase of the building with a detailed 3D survey that allows the acquisition of all geometric information. This methodology, called Scan-to-BIM, involves the use of 3D survey techniques for the production of point clouds as a geometric “database” for parametric modeling. The Scan-to-BIM approach can have several issues relating to the complexity of the survey. The work aims to apply the Scan-to-BIM approach to the survey and modeling of a historical and architectural valuable building to test a survey method, based on integrating different techniques (topography, photogrammetry and laser scanning), that improves the data acquisition phase. The “Real Cantina Borbonica” (Cellar of Royal House of Bourbon) in Partinico (Sicily, Italy) was chosen as a case study. The work has allowed achieving the HBIM of the “Real Cantina Borbonica” and testing an approach based exclusively on a topographic constraint to merge in the same reference system all the survey data (laser scanner and photogrammetric point clouds).

scholarly journals BIM AUTOMATION: ADVANCED MODELING GENERATIVE PROCESS FOR COMPLEX STRUCTURES

2017 ◽  
Vol IV-2/W2 ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Banfi ◽  
S. Fai ◽  
R. Brumana
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Parametric Models ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Generative Process ◽  
Information Models ◽  
Historic Structures ◽  
Building Information ◽  
3D Elements ◽  
Scientific Results ◽  
Complex Forms

The new paradigm of the complexity of modern and historic structures, which are characterised by complex forms, morphological and typological variables, is one of the greatest challenges for building information modelling (BIM). Generation of complex parametric models needs new scientific knowledge concerning new digital technologies. These elements are helpful to store a vast quantity of information during the life cycle of buildings (LCB). The latest developments of parametric applications do not provide advanced tools, resulting in time-consuming work for the generation of models. This paper presents a method capable of processing and creating complex parametric Building Information Models (BIM) with Non-Uniform to NURBS) with multiple levels of details (Mixed and ReverseLoD) based on accurate 3D photogrammetric and laser scanning surveys. Complex 3D elements are converted into parametric BIM software and finite element applications (BIM to FEA) using specific exchange formats and new modelling tools. The proposed approach has been applied to different case studies: the BIM of modern structure for the courtyard of West Block on Parliament Hill in Ottawa (Ontario) and the BIM of Masegra Castel in Sondrio (Italy), encouraging the dissemination and interaction of scientific results without losing information during the generative process.

Towards Combining Digitization Techniques in the Generation of Reverse Engineering Data Sets

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Rolls ◽  
W. ElMaraghy ◽  
H. ElMaraghy
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Engineering ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Coordinate Measuring Machine ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Error Characterization ◽  
Measuring Machine

Abstract Reverse engineering (RE), may be defined as the process of generating computer aided design models (CAD) from existing or prototype parts. The process has been used for many years in industry. It has markedly increased in implementation in the past few years, primarily due to the introduction of rapid part digitization technologies. Current industrial applications include CAD model construction from artisan geometry, such as in automotive body styling, the generation of custom fits to human surfaces, and quality control. This paper summarizes the principles of operation behind many commercially available part digitization technologies, and discusses techniques involved in part digitization using a coordinate measuring machine (CMM) and laser scanner. An overall error characterization of the laser scanning digitization process is presented for a particular scanner. This is followed by a discussion of the merits and considerations involved in generating combined data sets with characteristics indicative of the design intent of specific part features. Issues in facilitating the assembly, or registration, of the different types of data into a single point set are discussed.

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