scholarly journals RASPBERRY PI 3 MULTISPECTRAL LOW-COST SENSOR FOR UAV BASED REMOTE SENSING. CASE STUDY IN SOUTH-WEST NIGER

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W13 ◽  
pp. 207-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Belcore ◽  
M. Piras ◽  
A. Pezzoli ◽  
G. Massazza ◽  
M. Rosso
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
Water Index ◽  
Critical Areas ◽  
South West ◽  
Normalized Difference Water Index ◽  
Surface Water Bodies

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The technology of UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) is rapidly improving and UAV-integrated sensors have kept up with it, providing more efficient and effective solutions. One of the most sought-after characteristics of on-board sensors is the low costing associated to good quality of the collected data. This paper proposes a very low-cost multiband sensor developed on a Raspberry device and two Raspberry Pi 3 cameras that can be used in photogrammetry from drone applications. The UAV-integrated radiometric sensor and its performance were tested in in two villages of South-west Niger for the detection of temporary surface water bodies (or Ephemeral water bodies): zones of seasonal stagnant water within villages threatening the viability and people’s health. The Raspberry Pi 3 cameras employed were a regular RGB Pi camera 2 (Red, Green, Blue) and a NoIR Pi 3 camera v2 (regular RGB without IR filter) with 8MPX resolution. The cameras were geometrically calibrated and radiometrically tested before the survey in the field. The results of the photogrammetry elaborations were 4 orthophotos (a RGB and NoIRGB orthophoto for each village). The Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) was calculated. The index allowed the localization and the contouring of the temporary surface water bodies present in the villages. The data were checked against the data collected with a Sony (ILCE-5100). Very high correspondence between the different data was detected. Raspberry-based sensors demonstrated to be a valid tool for the data collection in critical areas.</p>

On methodological approaches to the improvement of surface water bodies and target indicators of the natural waters’ quality

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-14
Author(s):  
V. Zaslonovsky ◽  
◽  
N. Sharapov ◽  
M. Bosov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Natural Water ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Surface Water Bodies ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Natural Water Bodies

The paper is devoted to the development of proposals concerning the improvement of surface water bodies and the appointment of target indicators of the natural waters’ quality. The paper considers a variety of problems of preserving, restoring and improving the quality of natural surface waters: from regional features of the formation of natural water composition, to differences in the requirements for the quality of water consumed. The object of the study is the qualitative indicators of the waters of natural water bodies, and the subject of the study is the methodological approaches to the normalization of these indicators. The purpose of the work is to identify the main shortcomings in the domestic system of rationing the quality of natural waters, and to form appropriate proposals. For this purpose, the following tasks were set and solved: to review the methodological approaches to assessing and rationing the quality of natural waters used in some foreign countries and in the Russian Federation, to identify the main causes and shortcomings; to make proposals for improving the current system of water quality rationing. The result of this work is the conclusions about the lack of impact of the strategy operating in Russia in the development of schemes of complex use and protection of water objects, standards of permissible impact on water bodies, the appointment of permissible discharge limits in terms of maintaining and improving the water quality of natural water bodies. The reasons that led to this are indicated. The necessity of taking into account, in addition to the physical and chemical composition, also hydrobiological parameters is shown. It is concluded that instead of fisheries management standards, environmental standards should serve as the basis for target indicators of water quality of natural water bodies, which determine the well-being of humans and the stable functioning of aquatic ecosystems, taking into account regional factors. Proposals were made to adjust the methodological approaches to the implementation of this strategy. According to the authors, these proposals will speed up the solution of the main objectives of the strategy – the ecological improvement of water bodies, the preservation of unique aquatic ecosystems and the environmentally safe development of territories that previously experienced relatively small anthropogenic impacts (Eastern Siberia and the Far East)

scholarly journals Experience in Pilotless Aircrafts’ Application for Assessment of the Surface Water Bodies’ Bank State

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Field Investigations ◽  
Application Analysis ◽  
Bank Protection ◽  
Surface Water Bodies ◽  
Aircraft Application

Experience of the pilotless aircrafts application for decision of tasks connected with surface water bodies’ bank stripe condition and dynamics assessment has been discussed. In order to increase substantially the survey and subsequent estimations accurancy the use of reference points (markers) has been proposed, with determining of the plane and altitude coordinates with professional two-frequency GPS-GLONASS recievers in accordance with the standing regulating documants. This approach will enable to improve drastically quality of the obtained assessments and efficiency of the pilotless aircraft application. Analysis of the slope reforming intensity has been carried out at the range of the Kosva River right bank in the vicinity of the villige of Peremskoye on the basis of the 2017 field investigations outcomes. Such estimations are necessary for effective forecasting of bank changes dynamics, as well as for designing of any bank protection measures.

Epidemiological assessment of surface water bodies with the consideration of their contamination by vibrio cholerae O1 and O139 as a constituent part in determining the epidemic potential of an administrative territory

2017 ◽  
pp. 44-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.A. Moskvitina ◽  
E.G. Tyuleneva ◽  
A.V. Samorodova ◽  
V.D. Kruglikov ◽  
S.V. Titova
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Infectious Agent ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Route Of Transmission ◽  
Household Water ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae O1 ◽  
Surface Water Bodies

In this paper the degree of potential epidemic hazard (DPEH) is defined of surface water bodies utilized as the sources of centralized household water supply and for recreational purposes, with the consideration of their contamination by Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139 and the quality of wastewater discharged into surface water bodies, in 67 subjects of the Russian Federation. High and increased DPEH of surface water bodies in case of their contamination by V. cholerae O1 ctxA+ tcpA+, V. cholerae ctxA- tcpA+ and V. cholerae O1 and O139 ctxA- tcpA- implies the presence of both real and potential epidemiological risks of realisation of the water route of transmission of the infectious agent. DPEH of water bodies together with other data will be used for determination of the epidemic potential of an administrative territory.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF FACTORS OF FORMATION OF QUALITATIVE COMPOSITION OF SURFACE WATER OBJECTS BY THE METHOD OF MAIN COMPONENTS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF RIVERS OF THE DNIEPER BASIN)

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
Roman Ponomarenko ◽  
Leonid Plyatsuk ◽  
Josef Zat’ko
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
River Runoff ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
State Agency ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Surface Water Bodies ◽  
Main Components

The article analyzes the water quality of surface water bodies (on the example of rivers of the Dnieper basin) by the method of main components, identifies and interprets the main factors that form long-term variability of water quality of surface water bodies and make different contributions to the total variance. The research was carried out according to the samples of control water intake of the Dnieper River within the Basin Water Resources Management at 12 posts, for the period from 2011 to 2020. The leading factors were identified: plant and animal organisms (12…39 %), leaching of Fe- and Cu-containing minerals (10…29 %). The article shows that in the formation of the chemical composition of the water of the rivers of the studied region is determined by the factor of ion from the rocks on which the formation of the catchment. A factor characterizing the local conditions of river runoff formation has been identified - the process of groundwater discharge, which is manifested in changes in the concentrations of silicon and nitrates. In addition, a negative dependence of changes in the content of silicon ions and nitrates on temperature. The originality of the study is based on an integrated approach, which includes research based on available data in the State Agency of Water Resources of Ukraine, which takes into account the principles of biodiversity conservation, sustainable use of water resources, river management and basins, monitoring and evaluation of their status. In the future, the proposed approach may be the subject of research in the direction of establishing factors that characterize the local conditions of formation of river runoff, including taking into account the man-made load on it.

scholarly journals QUALITY OF WATER OF THE SURFACE WATER BODIES IN THE YAMALO-NENETS AUTONOMOUS OKRUG

2015 ◽  
pp. 117-121
Author(s):  
I. N. Manakova ◽  
V. D. Shantarin
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Surface Water Bodies ◽  
Nenets Autonomous

About the quality of water of surface water bodies in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug.

scholarly journals Extraction of Water-body Area from High-resolution Landsat Imagery

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 4111
Author(s):  
B. Chandrababu Naik ◽  
B. Anuradha
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Satellite Data ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Indexing Methods ◽  
Water Index ◽  
Surface Water Body ◽  
Normalized Difference Water Index

Extraction of water bodies from satellite imagery has been broadly explored in the current decade. So many techniques were involved in detecting of the surface water bodies from satellite data. To detect and extracting of surface water body changes in Nagarjuna Sagar Reservoir, Andhra Pradesh from the period 1989 to 2017, were calculated using Landsat-5 TM, and Landsat-8 OLI data. Unsupervised classification and spectral water indexing methods, including the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Moisture Index (NDMI), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), and Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI), were used to detect and extraction of the surface water body from satellite data. Instead of all index methods, the MNDWI was performed better results. The Reservoir water area was extracted using spectral water indexing methods (NDVI, NDWI, MNDWI, and NDMI) in 1989, 1997, 2007, and 2017. The shoreline shrunk in the twenty-eight-year duration of images. The Reservoir Nagarjuna Sagar lost nearly around one-fourth of its surface water area compared to 1989. However, the Reservoir has a critical position in recent years due to changes in surface water and getting higher mud and sand. Maximum water surface area of the Reservoir will lose if such decreasing tendency follows continuously.

NORMALIZATION OF BIOGENIC SUBSTANCES DISCHARGE INTO SURFACE WATER BODIES

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Anatol'evich SELEZNEV ◽  
Alexandra Vasil'evna SELEZNEVA ◽  
Ksenia Vladimirovna BESPALOVA
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Water Basin ◽  
Biogenic Substances ◽  
Surface Water Bodies ◽  
Climatic Features

The concept of ecological rationing of biogenic stresses on water objects is off ered. On an example of the Saratov water basin criteria of rationing considering natural-geographical and climatic features of formation of quality of a surface water are proposed.

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