scholarly journals EXPLORING CLOUD-BASED PLATFORMS FOR RAPID INSAR TIME SERIES ANALYSIS

2021 ◽  
Vol XLIII-B3-2021 ◽  
pp. 171-176
Author(s):  
A. Piter ◽  
M. Vassileva ◽  
M. Haghshenas Haghighi ◽  
M. Motagh
Keyword(s):  
European Space Agency ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Synthetic Aperture ◽  
Deformation Analysis ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Time Deformation ◽  
Space Agency ◽  
Multi Temporal ◽  
Sar Data ◽  
Interferometric Sar

Abstract. The idea of near real-time deformation analysis using Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data as a response to natural and anthropogenic disasters has been an interesting topic in the last years. A major limiting factor for this purpose has been the non-availability of both spatially and temporally homogeneous SAR datasets. This has now been resolved thanks to the SAR data provided by the Sentinel-1A/B missions, freely available at a global scale via the Copernicus program of the European Space Agency (ESA). Efficient InSAR analysis in the era of Sentinel demands working with cloud-based platforms to tackle problems posed by large volumes of data. In this study, we explore a variety of existing cloud-based platforms for Multi-Temporal Interferometric SAR (MTI) analysis and discuss their opportunities and limitations.

scholarly journals Discrimination of glacier facies using multi-temporal SAR data

1998 ◽  
Vol 44 (146) ◽  
pp. 42-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. Partington
Keyword(s):  
European Space Agency ◽  
Greenland Ice Sheet ◽  
Sensor Calibration ◽  
Lower Altitude ◽  
Mount Pinatubo ◽  
South Central ◽  
Space Agency ◽  
Wet Snow ◽  
Multi Temporal ◽  
Sar Data

AbstractGlacier facies from the Greenland ice sheet and the Wrangell-St Elias Mountains, Alaska, are analyzed using multi-temporal synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data from the European Space Agency ERS-1 satellite. Distinct zones and facies are visible in multi-temporal SAR data, including the dry-snow facies, the combined percolation and wet-snow facies, the ice facies, transient melt areas and moraine. In Greenland and south-central Alaska, very similar multi-temporal signatures are evident for the same facies, although these facies are found at lower altitude in West Greenland where the equilibrium line appears to be found at sea level at 71°30?N during the year analyzed (1992-93), probably because of the cooling effect of the eruption of Mount Pinatubo. In Greenland, both the percolation and dry-snow facies are excellent distributed targets for sensor calibration, with backscatter coefficients stable to within 0.2 dB. However, the percolation facies near the top of Mount Wrangell are more complex and less easily delineated than in Greenland, and at high altitude the glacier facies have a multi-temporal signature which depends sensitively on slope orientation.

scholarly journals Quantification of oil lost from tanker vessel using space borne radar datasets - Case study of Haldia port oil spill, July 2018.

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S.J Prasad ◽  
T.M. Balakrishnan Nair
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Aperture Radar ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
European Space Agency ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Synthetic Aperture ◽  
Synthetic Aperture Radar Data ◽  
Space Agency ◽  
Sar Data ◽  
Spilled Oil ◽  
Aperture Radar

Abstract 686884 Determining the spilled volume of the marine oil pollutant is an essential requisite for the oil spill modellers and the responders. Generally, the mass of the spilled pollutant is computed from the total quantity and the remaining quantity of the storage tank of the distressed vessel. A method to estimate the quantity of the spilled oil pollutant using the space -borne synthetic aperture radar dataset is elaborated here. The synthetic aperture radar data, its ability to penetrate cloud cover, irrespective of weather conditions, has been widely used to detect the signature of spilt oil. SAR data available from European Space Agency and Canadian Space Agency were used to detect the oil spills as they are proved to be appropriate for oil spill detection. Minor oil spill occured off Haldia Port, off Kolkata from SSL tanker vessel on 14 July 2018. The geographical location of the distressed vessel is 88.775 ′E, 21.441 ′N. The zone of the vessel distress was monitored for oil slicks. The acquisition plan of the Radar satellite Sentinel -1A was obtained from European Space Agency. As per that, the pass of the Sentinel -1A was available on 15 July 2018 and 17 July 2018 for the region of study. The Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) datasets were obtained from Sentinel -1A as per their availability. Those datasets were processed using Sentinel Application Platform (SNAP) tool box. The SAR data is subjected to terrain correction, which automatically reprojects the radar scene. The next stage is performing radiometric calibration, which converts the amplitude into intensity values. The radar reflectance values are converted to Sigma0 intensity values in Sentinel tool box. This Sigma0 values were wrote in netcdf format for identifying the oil slicks. The pixels of lesser intensity values are identified and are interpreted for oil slicks. The zone of the oil slicks in the radar scene are considered as irregular polygons. The area of those polygons were computed. Later the volume of the spilled oil is computed using the thickness of the spilled oil pollutant. Finally the mass of the pollutant is computed. It was collectively estimated from the SAR datasets, that, 33 Tons of Fuel oil was lost from SSL vessel that sank off Haldia Port. This paper elaborates in detail about the method of processing SAR dataset and estimating the quantity of oil lost from the vessel using SAR datasets.

scholarly journals PERSISTENT SCATTERER INTERFEROMETRY USING SENTINEL-1 DATA

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B7 ◽  
pp. 835-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Crosetto ◽  
O. Monserrat ◽  
N. Devanthéry ◽  
M. Cuevas-González ◽  
A. Barra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
European Space Agency ◽  
Deformation Monitoring ◽  
Persistent Scatterer Interferometry ◽  
Space Agency ◽  
Persistent Scatterer ◽  
Sar Data ◽  
Interferometric Sar ◽  
High Coherence

This paper is focused on deformation monitoring using a Persistent Scatterer Interferometry technique and the interferometric SAR data acquired by the Sentinel-1 satellite of the European Space Agency. The first part of the paper describes the procedure used to process and analyze Sentinel-1 interferometric SAR data. Two main approaches are described. The first one is a simplified Persistent Scatterer Interferometry approach that exploits two key properties of the Sentinel-1 data: the high coherence of the 12-day interferograms and the reduced orbital tube. The second approach is a full Persistent Scatterer Interferometry approach, where a more sophisticate data treatment is employed. The second part of the paper illustrates the results obtained with the two processing approaches. Two case studies are described. The first one concerns landslide detection and monitoring. In this case, the simplified Persistent Scatterer Interferometry approach was used. The second one regards the deformation monitoring of an urban area. In this case, a full Persistent Scatterer Interferometry approach was used.

scholarly journals PERSISTENT SCATTERER INTERFEROMETRY USING SENTINEL-1 DATA

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B7 ◽  
pp. 835-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Crosetto ◽  
O. Monserrat ◽  
N. Devanthéry ◽  
M. Cuevas-González ◽  
A. Barra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
European Space Agency ◽  
Deformation Monitoring ◽  
Persistent Scatterer Interferometry ◽  
Space Agency ◽  
Persistent Scatterer ◽  
Sar Data ◽  
Interferometric Sar ◽  
High Coherence

This paper is focused on deformation monitoring using a Persistent Scatterer Interferometry technique and the interferometric SAR data acquired by the Sentinel-1 satellite of the European Space Agency. The first part of the paper describes the procedure used to process and analyze Sentinel-1 interferometric SAR data. Two main approaches are described. The first one is a simplified Persistent Scatterer Interferometry approach that exploits two key properties of the Sentinel-1 data: the high coherence of the 12-day interferograms and the reduced orbital tube. The second approach is a full Persistent Scatterer Interferometry approach, where a more sophisticate data treatment is employed. The second part of the paper illustrates the results obtained with the two processing approaches. Two case studies are described. The first one concerns landslide detection and monitoring. In this case, the simplified Persistent Scatterer Interferometry approach was used. The second one regards the deformation monitoring of an urban area. In this case, a full Persistent Scatterer Interferometry approach was used.

scholarly journals Discrimination of glacier facies using multi-temporal SAR data

1998 ◽  
Vol 44 (146) ◽  
pp. 42-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. Partington
Keyword(s):  
European Space Agency ◽  
Greenland Ice Sheet ◽  
Sensor Calibration ◽  
Lower Altitude ◽  
Mount Pinatubo ◽  
South Central ◽  
Space Agency ◽  
Wet Snow ◽  
Multi Temporal ◽  
Sar Data

AbstractGlacier facies from the Greenland ice sheet and the Wrangell-St Elias Mountains, Alaska, are analyzed using multi-temporal synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data from the European Space Agency ERS-1 satellite. Distinct zones and facies are visible in multi-temporal SAR data, including the dry-snow facies, the combined percolation and wet-snow facies, the ice facies, transient melt areas and moraine. In Greenland and south-central Alaska, very similar multi-temporal signatures are evident for the same facies, although these facies are found at lower altitude in West Greenland where the equilibrium line appears to be found at sea level at 71°30?N during the year analyzed (1992-93), probably because of the cooling effect of the eruption of Mount Pinatubo. In Greenland, both the percolation and dry-snow facies are excellent distributed targets for sensor calibration, with backscatter coefficients stable to within 0.2 dB. However, the percolation facies near the top of Mount Wrangell are more complex and less easily delineated than in Greenland, and at high altitude the glacier facies have a multi-temporal signature which depends sensitively on slope orientation.

Synergetic use of L- and C-band SAR data in Earth Sciences – The JAXA-ESA mutual cooperation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Kubanek ◽  
Malcolm Davidson ◽  
Maurice Borgeaud ◽  
Shin-ichi Sobue ◽  
Takeo Tadono
Keyword(s):  
Snow Water Equivalent ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Earth Science ◽  
European Space Agency ◽  
Synthetic Aperture ◽  
Mutual Cooperation ◽  
Space Agency ◽  
First Results ◽  
International Projects ◽  
Snow Water

<p>Within the “Cooperation for the Use of Synthetic Aperture Radar Satellites in Earth Science and Applications”, the Japanese Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) and the European Space Agency (ESA) agreed to mutually share C-band data from ESA’s Sentinel-1 mission and L-band data from JAXA’s ALOS-2 PALSAR-2 mission over selected test sites. Applications include wetland monitoring, hurricanes, sea ice, snow water equivalent and surface deformation.</p><p>The aim of the collaboration is to develop a better understanding of the benefits of combining L- and C-band data over various areas and for the different thematic applications. The findings of the different European, Japanese and international projects will help to develop future SAR satellite missions, such as JAXA’s ALOS-4, and ESA’s Copernicus mission ROSE-L and Sentinel-1 Next Generation.</p><p>This presentation will give an overview of the ongoing ESA-JAXA cooperation and will show highlights and first results of the different test sites and applications.</p>

The ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter – First Martian Year in Orbit

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Håkan Svedhem ◽  
Oleg Korablev ◽  
Igor Mitrofanov ◽  
Daniel Rodionov ◽  
Nicholas Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Science ◽  
Dust Storm ◽  
European Space Agency ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Trace Gas ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Water Ice ◽  
Surface Hydrogen ◽  
Space Agency

<p>The Trace Gas Orbiter, TGO, has in March 2020 concluded its first Martian year in its 400km, 74 degrees inclination, science orbit. It has been a highly successful year, starting with the rise, plateau and decay of the major Global Dust Storm in the summer of 2018. This has enabled interesting results to be derived on the water vapour distribution, dynamic behaviour and upward transport as a consequence of the dust storm. The characterisation of the minor species and trace gasses is continuing and a large number of profiles is produced every day. A dedicated search of methane has shown that there is no methane above an altitude of a few km, with an upper limit established at about 20 ppt (2∙10<sup>-11</sup>). The solar occultation technique used by the spectrometers has definitely proven its strength, both for its high sensitivity and for its capability of making high resolution altitude profiles of the atmosphere. Climatological studies have been initiated and will become more important now that a full year has passed, even if the full potential will be visible only after a few Martian years of operation. The FREND instrument has characterised the hydrogen in the shallow sub-surface on a global scale at a spatial resolution much better than previous missions have been able. It has found areas at surprisingly low latitudes with significant amounts of sub-surface hydrogen, most likely in the form of water ice. The CaSSIS camera has made a high number of images over a large variety of targets, including the landing sites of the 2020 ESA and NASA rovers, Oxia Planum and the Jezero Crater. Stereo imaging has enabled topographic information and precise 3-D landscape synthesis.</p><p>This presentation will summarise the highlights of the first Martian year and discuss planned activities for the near and medium term future.</p><p>The ExoMars programme is a joint activity by the European Space Agency (ESA) and ROSCOSMOS, Russia. It consists of the ExoMars 2016 mission, launched 14 March 2016, with the Trace Gas Orbiter, TGO, and the Entry Descent and Landing Demonstrator, EDM, named Schiaparelli, and the ExoMars 2020 mission, to be launched in July/August 2020, carrying a Rover and a surface science platform to the surface of Mars. <strong><br></strong></p>

scholarly journals MARRYING DEEP LEARNING AND DATA FUSION FOR ACCURATE SEMANTIC LABELING OF SENTINEL-2 IMAGES

2021 ◽  
Vol V-3-2021 ◽  
pp. 101-107
Author(s):  
G. Fonteix ◽  
M. Swaine ◽  
M. Leras ◽  
Y. Tarabalka ◽  
S. Tripodi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
European Space Agency ◽  
External Source ◽  
Convolutional Network ◽  
Spectral Bands ◽  
Space Agency ◽  
Semantic Labeling ◽  
Multi Temporal ◽  
Correction Step ◽  
Sentinel 2

Abstract. The understanding of the Earth through global land monitoring from satellite images paves the way towards many applications including flight simulations, urban management and telecommunications. The twin satellites from the Sentinel-2 mission developed by the European Space Agency (ESA) provide 13 spectral bands with a high observation frequency worldwide. In this paper, we present a novel multi-temporal approach for land-cover classification of Sentinel-2 images whereby a time-series of images is classified using fully convolutional network U-Net models and then coupled by a developed probabilistic algorithm. The proposed pipeline further includes an automatic quality control and correction step whereby an external source can be introduced in order to validate and correct the deep learning classification. The final step consists of adjusting the combined predictions to the cloud-free mosaic built from Sentinel-2 L2A images in order for the classification to more closely match the reference mosaic image.

scholarly journals The Global Water Body Layer from TanDEM-X Interferometric SAR Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 5069
Author(s):  
Jose-Luis Bueso-Bello ◽  
Michele Martone ◽  
Carolina González ◽  
Francescopaolo Sica ◽  
Paolo Valdo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Body ◽  
European Space Agency ◽  
Water Layer ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Primary Input ◽  
Water Detection ◽  
Space Agency ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Global Water

The interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) data set, acquired by the TanDEM-X (TerraSAR-X add-on for Digital Elevation Measurement) mission (TDM), represents a unique data source to derive geo-information products at a global scale. The complete Earth’s landmasses have been surveyed at least twice during the mission bistatic operation, which started at the end of 2010. Examples of the delivered global products are the TanDEM-X digital elevation model (DEM) (at a final independent posting of 12 m × 12 m) or the TanDEM-X global Forest/Non-Forest (FNF) map. The need for a reliable water product from TanDEM-X data was dictated by the limited accuracy and difficulty of use of the TDX Water Indication Mask (WAM), delivered as by-product of the global DEM, which jeopardizes its use for scientific applications, as well. Similarly as it has been done for the generation of the FNF map; in this work, we utilize the global data set of TanDEM-X quicklook images at 50 m × 50 m resolution, acquired between 2011 and 2016, to derive a new global water body layer (WBL), covering a range from −60∘ to +90∘ latitudes. The bistatic interferometric coherence is used as the primary input feature for performing water detection. We classify water surfaces in single TanDEM-X images, by considering the system’s geometric configuration and exploiting a watershed-based segmentation algorithm. Subsequently, single overlapping acquisitions are mosaicked together in a two-step logically weighting process to derive the global TDM WBL product, which comprises a binary averaged water/non-water layer as well as a permanent/temporary water indication layer. The accuracy of the new TDM WBL has been assessed over Europe, through a comparison with the Copernicus water and wetness layer, provided by the European Space Agency (ESA), at a 20 m × 20 m resolution. The F-score ranges from 83%, when considering all geocells (of 1∘ latitudes × 1∘ longitudes) over Europe, up to 93%, when considering only the geocells with a water content higher than 1%. At global scale, the quality of the product has been evaluated, by intercomparison, with other existing global water maps, resulting in an overall agreement that often exceeds 85% (F-score) when the content in the geocell is higher than 1%. The global TDM WBL presented in this study will be made available to the scientific community for free download and usage.

scholarly journals The Use of Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Images and Open-Source Software for Cultural Heritage: An Example from Paphos Area in Cyprus for Mapping Landscape Changes after a 5.6 Magnitude Earthquake

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 1766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marios Tzouvaras ◽  
Dimitris Kouhartsiouk ◽  
Athos Agapiou ◽  
Chris Danezis ◽  
Diofantos G. Hadjimitsis
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Synthetic Aperture Radar ◽  
Open Source ◽  
European Space Agency ◽  
Synthetic Aperture ◽  
Active Sensors ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Space Agency ◽  
World Heritage List ◽  
Aperture Radar

Active satellite remote sensors have emerged in the last years in the field of archaeology, providing new tools for monitoring extensive cultural heritage landscapes and areas. These active sensors, namely synthetic aperture radar (SAR) satellites, provide systematic datasets for mapping land movements triggered from earthquakes, landslides, and so on. Copernicus, the European program for monitoring the environment, provides continuous radar datasets through the Sentinel-1 mission with an almost worldwide coverage. This paper aims to demonstrate how the use of open-access and freely distributed datasets such as those under the Copernicus umbrella, along with the exploitation of open-source radar processing software, namely the sentinel applications platform (SNAP) and SNAPHU tools, provided respectively by the European Space Agency (ESA) and the University of Stanford, can be used to extract an SAR interferogram in the wider area of Paphos, located in the western part of Cyprus. The city includes various heritage sites and monuments, some of them already included in the UNESCO World Heritage list. The interferogram was prepared to study the effects of an earthquake to the buildings and sites of the area. The earthquake of a 5.6 magnitude on the Richter scale was triggered on 15 April 2015 and was strongly felt throughout the whole island. The interferogram results were based on Differential Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (D-InSAR) methodology, finding a maximum uplift of 74 mm and a maximum subsidence of 31 mm. The overall process and methodology are presented in this paper.

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