scholarly journals PRODUCTION OF ISO-INTENSITY MAP FOR THE ELAZIG EARTHQUAKE (JAN 24, 2020) USING CITIZEN COLLECTED GEODATA

2020 ◽  
Vol XLIII-B5-2020 ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
I. Yalcin ◽  
S. Kocaman ◽  
C. Gokceoglu
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Related Information ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
Intensity Map

Abstract. Earthquake, depending on its intensity and location of epicentre, is one of the destructive hazards. Disaster mitigation after a severe earthquake are important to minimize its detrimental effects. Nowadays, several scientific disciplines, such as biodiversity, ecology, geosciences, natural hazards etc., utilize the Citizen Science (CitSci) approaches for various purposes, since the relevant attributes can easily be provided by non-experts with mobile devices. With the CitSci method, disaster related information can be identified and provided rapidly by locals during or after a disaster. Timely, in-situ data after an earthquake can also be collected with CitSci approaches via mobile devices, which can be even more important for all countries. In addition, scientific studies on earthquakes can be enriched and accelerated by using the information provided by volunteers. By collecting reliable data with the CitSci method, the disaster mitigation efforts can be improved, and losses may be decreased. This study aims at developing a CitSci pilot project by using the data collected by volunteers (citizens) to reduce the need for field work in creating earthquake iso-intensity maps and produce them promptly. The present study was based on the 6.8 Mw Elazig earthquake occurred at 20:55 UTC on January 24th, 2020. Through the mobile application “I felt the quake”, the observations of citizens regarding the earthquake were collected. The intensities were revised from the Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale. With the help of data, an iso-intensity map was created and compared to the map produced by The Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency (AFAD), Turkey.

scholarly journals Combining Remote Sensing with Webdata and Machine Learning to Support Humanitarian Relief Work

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Kersten ◽  
Malin Kopitzsch ◽  
Jan Bongard ◽  
Friederike Klan
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Information Overload ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Crisis Response ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
Information Gaps

<p>Gathering, analyzing and disseminating up-to-date information related to incidents and disasters is key to disaster management and relief. Satellite imagery, geo-information, and in-situ data are the mainly used information sources to support decision making. However, limitations in data timeliness as well as in spatial and temporal resolution lead to systematic information gaps in current well-established satellite-based workflows. Citizen observations spread through social media channels, like Twitter, as well as freely available webdata, like WikiData or the GDELT database, are promising complementary sources of relevant information that might be utilized to fill these information gaps and to support in-situ data acquisition. Practical examples for this are impact assessments based on social media eyewitness reports, and the utilization of this information for the early tasking of satellite or drone-based image acquisitions.</p><p>The great potential, for instance of social media data analysis in crisis response, was investigated and demonstrated in various related research works. However, the barriers of utilizing webdata and appropriate information extraction methods for decision support in real-world scenarios are still high, for instance due to information overload, varying surrounding conditions, or issues related to limited field work infrastructures, trustworthiness, and legal aspects.</p><p>Within the current DLR research project "Data4Human", demand driven data services for humanitarian aid are developed. Among others, one project goal is to investigate the practical benefit of augmenting existing workflows of the involved partners (German Red Cross, World Food Programme, and Humanitarian Open Street Map) with social media (Twitter) and real-time global event database (GDELT) data. In this contribution, the general concepts, ideas and corresponding methods for webdata analysis are presented. State-of-the-art deep learning models are utilized to filter, classify and cluster the data to automatically identify potentially crisis-related data, to assess impacts, and to summarize and characterize the course of events, respectively. We present first practical findings and analysis results for the 2019 cyclones Idai and Kenneth.</p>

scholarly journals A CitSci Approach for Rapid Earthquake Intensity Mapping: A Case Study from Istanbul (Turkey)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilyas Yalcin ◽  
Sultan Kocaman ◽  
Candan Gokceoglu
Keyword(s):  
Mobile App ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Earthquake Intensity ◽  
Intensity Mapping ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
Intensity Information ◽  
The One ◽  
Short Time

Nowadays several scientific disciplines utilize Citizen Science (CitSci) as a research approach. Natural hazard research and disaster management also benefit from CitSci since people can provide geodata and the relevant attributes using their mobile devices easily and rapidly during or after an event. An earthquake, depending on its intensity, is among the highly destructive natural hazards. Coordination efforts after a severe earthquake event are vital to minimize its harmful effects and timely in-situ data are crucial for this purpose. The aim of this study is to perform a CitSci pilot study to demonstrate the usability of data obtained by volunteers (citizens) for creating earthquake iso-intensity maps in a short time. The data were collected after a 5.8 Mw Istanbul earthquake which occurred on 26 September 2019. Through the mobile app “I felt the quake”, citizen observations regarding the earthquake intensity were collected from various locations. The intensity values in the app represent a revised form of the Mercalli intensity scale. The iso-intensity map was generated using a spatial kriging algorithm and compared with the one produced by The Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency (AFAD), Turkey, empirically. The results show that collecting the intensity information via trained users is a plausible method for producing such maps.

Implementation of an Inventory Control System for a Computer Center Using QR Codes on Android Mobile Devices

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Gustavo Poot Tah ◽  
Erika Llanes Castro ◽  
José Luis López Martínez ◽  
Victor Chi Pech
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Inventory Control ◽  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Free Software ◽  
Qr Codes ◽  
Design And Development ◽  
Computer Center

This paper presents the design and development of a mobile application that uses QR codes for the inventory control of a computer center. This application was developed to support the administration of the computer center of the Multidisciplinary Unit Tizimin, with the aim to reduce costs and time of searching for articles when making an inventory, by leveraging the capabilities of smartphones and tablets. The implementation of the system was carried out using free software.

STORM ICE OIL WIND WAVE WATCH SYSTEM (SIOWS): WEB GIS APPLICATION FOR MONITORING THE ARCTIC

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Myasoedov ◽  
Alexander Myasoedov ◽  
Sergey Azarov ◽  
Sergey Azarov ◽  
Ekaterina Balashova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Data ◽  
Wind Wave ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Web Gis ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Flexible Tool ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
Current State ◽  
Watch System

Working with satellite data, has long been an issue for users which has often prevented from a wider use of these data because of Volume, Access, Format and Data Combination. The purpose of the Storm Ice Oil Wind Wave Watch System (SIOWS) developed at Satellite Oceanography Laboratory (SOLab) is to solve the main issues encountered with satellite data and to provide users with a fast and flexible tool to select and extract data within massive archives that match exactly its needs or interest improving the efficiency of the monitoring system of geophysical conditions in the Arctic. SIOWS - is a Web GIS, designed to display various satellite, model and in situ data, it uses developed at SOLab storing, processing and visualization technologies for operational and archived data. It allows synergistic analysis of both historical data and monitoring of the current state and dynamics of the "ocean-atmosphere-cryosphere" system in the Arctic region, as well as Arctic system forecasting based on thermodynamic models with satellite data assimilation.

scholarly journals Critical Dynamics of Defects and Mechanisms of Damage-Failure Transitions in Fatigue

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2554
Author(s):  
Oleg Naimark ◽  
Vladimir Oborin ◽  
Mikhail Bannikov ◽  
Dmitry Ledon
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Damage ◽  
Kinetic Equations ◽  
Experimental Methodology ◽  
Preliminary Deformation ◽  
Scaling Properties ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
Number Of Cycles ◽  
Fish Eye ◽  
Very High

An experimental methodology was developed for estimating a very high cycle fatigue (VHCF) life of the aluminum alloy AMG-6 subjected to preliminary deformation. The analysis of fatigue damage staging is based on the measurement of elastic modulus decrement according to “in situ” data of nonlinear dynamics of free-end specimen vibrations at the VHCF test. The correlation of fatigue damage staging and fracture surface morphology was studied to establish the scaling properties and kinetic equations for damage localization, “fish-eye” nucleation, and transition to the Paris crack kinetics. These equations, based on empirical parameters related to the structure of the material, allows us to estimate the number of cycles for the nucleation and advance of fatigue crack.

scholarly journals Measuring and inferring the ice thickness distribution of four glaciers in the Tien Shan, Kyrgyzstan

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Lander Van Tricht ◽  
Philippe Huybrechts ◽  
Jonas Van Breedam ◽  
Johannes J. Fürst ◽  
Oleg Rybak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Validation ◽  
Thickness Distribution ◽  
Tien Shan ◽  
Ice Thickness ◽  
Ice Volume ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
Radio Echo Sounding ◽  
Thickness Measurements ◽  
Tien Shan Mountains

Abstract Glaciers in the Tien Shan mountains contribute considerably to the fresh water used for irrigation, households and energy supply in the dry lowland areas of Kyrgyzstan and its neighbouring countries. To date, reconstructions of the current ice volume and ice thickness distribution remain scarce, and accurate data are largely lacking at the local scale. Here, we present a detailed ice thickness distribution of Ashu-Tor, Bordu, Golubin and Kara-Batkak glaciers derived from radio-echo sounding measurements and modelling. All the ice thickness measurements are used to calibrate three individual models to estimate the ice thickness in inaccessible areas. A cross-validation between modelled and measured ice thickness for a subset of the data is performed to attribute a weight to every model and to assemble a final composite ice thickness distribution for every glacier. Results reveal the thickest ice on Ashu-Tor glacier with values up to 201 ± 12 m. The ice thickness measurements and distributions are also compared with estimates composed without the use of in situ data. These estimates approach the total ice volume well, but local ice thicknesses vary substantially.

scholarly journals Evaluating model parameterizations of submicron aerosol scattering and absorption with in situ data from ARCTAS 2008

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (14) ◽  
pp. 9435-9455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Alvarado ◽  
Chantelle R. Lonsdale ◽  
Helen L. Macintyre ◽  
Huisheng Bian ◽  
Mian Chin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Aerosol Size Distribution ◽  
Visible Radiation ◽  
Submicron Aerosol ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
Aerosol Absorption ◽  
Aerosol Scattering ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Accurate modeling of the scattering and absorption of ultraviolet and visible radiation by aerosols is essential for accurate simulations of atmospheric chemistry and climate. Closure studies using in situ measurements of aerosol scattering and absorption can be used to evaluate and improve models of aerosol optical properties without interference from model errors in aerosol emissions, transport, chemistry, or deposition rates. Here we evaluate the ability of four externally mixed, fixed size distribution parameterizations used in global models to simulate submicron aerosol scattering and absorption at three wavelengths using in situ data gathered during the 2008 Arctic Research of the Composition of the Troposphere from Aircraft and Satellites (ARCTAS) campaign. The four models are the NASA Global Modeling Initiative (GMI) Combo model, GEOS-Chem v9-02, the baseline configuration of a version of GEOS-Chem with online radiative transfer calculations (called GC-RT), and the Optical Properties of Aerosol and Clouds (OPAC v3.1) package. We also use the ARCTAS data to perform the first evaluation of the ability of the Aerosol Simulation Program (ASP v2.1) to simulate submicron aerosol scattering and absorption when in situ data on the aerosol size distribution are used, and examine the impact of different mixing rules for black carbon (BC) on the results. We find that the GMI model tends to overestimate submicron scattering and absorption at shorter wavelengths by 10–23 %, and that GMI has smaller absolute mean biases for submicron absorption than OPAC v3.1, GEOS-Chem v9-02, or GC-RT. However, the changes to the density and refractive index of BC in GC-RT improve the simulation of submicron aerosol absorption at all wavelengths relative to GEOS-Chem v9-02. Adding a variable size distribution, as in ASP v2.1, improves model performance for scattering but not for absorption, likely due to the assumption in ASP v2.1 that BC is present at a constant mass fraction throughout the aerosol size distribution. Using a core-shell mixing rule in ASP overestimates aerosol absorption, especially for the fresh biomass burning aerosol measured in ARCTAS-B, suggesting the need for modeling the time-varying mixing states of aerosols in future versions of ASP.

scholarly journals Flux rope axis geometry of magnetic clouds deduced from in situ data

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (S300) ◽  
pp. 265-268
Author(s):  
Miho Janvier ◽  
Pascal Démoulin ◽  
Sergio Dasso
Keyword(s):  
Interplanetary Medium ◽  
Magnetic Cloud ◽  
Flux Rope ◽  
Magnetic Clouds ◽  
Direct Integration ◽  
Axis Orientation ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
Geometrical Features ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractMagnetic clouds (MCs) consist of flux ropes that are ejected from the low solar corona during eruptive flares. Following their ejection, they propagate in the interplanetary medium where they can be detected by in situ instruments and heliospheric imagers onboard spacecraft. Although in situ measurements give a wide range of data, these only depict the nature of the MC along the unidirectional trajectory crossing of a spacecraft. As such, direct 3D measurements of MC characteristics are impossible. From a statistical analysis of a wide range of MCs detected at 1 AU by the Wind spacecraft, we propose different methods to deduce the most probable magnetic cloud axis shape. These methods include the comparison of synthetic distributions with observed distributions of the axis orientation, as well as the direct integration of observed probability distribution to deduce the global MC axis shape. The overall shape given by those two methods is then compared with 2D heliospheric images of a propagating MC and we find similar geometrical features.

Low Wave Number Radar Image Energy Influence on Determining Current

2012 ◽  
Vol 433-440 ◽  
pp. 6054-6059
Author(s):  
Gan Nan Yuan ◽  
Rui Cai Jia ◽  
Yun Tao Dai ◽  
Ying Li
Keyword(s):  
Wave Spectrum ◽  
Surface Current ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Radar Image ◽  
Wave Number ◽  
Sea State ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
Main Effects

In the radar imaging mechanism different phenomena are present, as a result the radar image is not a direct representation of the sea state. In analyzing radar image spectra, it can be realized that all of these phenomena produce distortions in the wave spectrum. The main effects are more energy for very low frequencies. This work investigates the structure of the sea clutter spectrum, and analysis the low wave number energy influence on determining sea surface current. Then the radar measure current is validated by experiments. By comparing with the in situ data, we know that the radar results reversed by image spectrum without low wave number spectrum have high precision. The low wave number energy influent determining current seriously.

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