scholarly journals Study On The Driving Mechanism Of Hydrologic Drought In Karst Basin Based On Landform Index: A Case Study of Guizhou, China

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhonghua He ◽  
Hong Liang ◽  
Zhaohui Yang ◽  
Xinbo Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Drought Severity ◽  
Driving Mechanism ◽  
Drainage Basins ◽  
The North ◽  
Hydrologic Drought ◽  
Hydrological Droughts

Abstract. In recent years, hydrological droughts in the Karst Basins have become more frequent and have caused serious ecological and environmental problems. This paper took the karst drainage basin of Guizhou, China as the study area to analyze the geomorphologic distribution and the temporal-spatial variations of hydrological droughts. The results indicated that (1) the rainfall and its variation during drought periods had very limited impacts on the hydrological droughts in karst drainage basins; (2) During 2000–2010, the hydrological droughts in Guizhou Province increased year by year, and the inter-annual variation of hydrological droughts in Guizhou had obvious stage characteristics. The overall regional distribution of hydrological drought severity in Guizhou is severe in the south and light in the north, severe in the west and light in the east. (3) From the overall distribution of the landform types, the mountains, hills and basins have a certain impact on hydrologic droughts, but the impacts are insignificant. From the distribution of single landform types, the influences on hydrological droughts are particularly significant in high-medium mountains, deep-high hills and high basins, and where are also relatively light areas for hydrologic drought severity, While the relatively serious areas of that in the low mountains, shallow-low hills and low basins.

scholarly journals Study On the Driven Mechanism of Watershed Hydrological Drought Based on Geomorphological Spatial Distribution Pattern: A Case Study of Guizhou, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhonghua he ◽  
Hong Liang ◽  
Zhaohui Yang
Keyword(s):  
Annual Variation ◽  
Hydrological Drought ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Drought Severity ◽  
The North ◽  
Driving Mechanisms ◽  
Hydrologic Drought ◽  
Hydrological Droughts

Abstract In recent years, hydrological drought has become more and more frequent, which has caused serious ecological and environmental problems. This paper is taking Guizhou province of China as an example to analyze the geomorphologic distribution and temporal-spatial evolution of hydrological droughts, and to study driving mechanisms of both the rainfall in the dry periods and geomorphologic factor on the hydrological droughts, based on the hydrometeorological data during the years 2000-2010, and the TM and DEM data. The results show that (1) the rainfall and its variation in the low-flow seasons have less impacts on the hydrologic drought and its variation; (2) the hydrologic drought severity in Guizhou was increasing year by year during the years 2000-2010, and showing the inter-annual variation with obvious stage characteristics, and the regional hydrologic drought was presented the more serious in the South than in the North, and the less serious in the East than in the West; and (3) in terms of the overall distribution of landform types, the mountain, hill and basin have less impacts on hydrological droughts; in terms of the distribution of single geomorphic type, hydrological droughts are significantly influenced by the high-medium mountain, deep-high hill and high basin, where the hydrological droughts are relatively lighter. While there are more serious areas in the low basin, shallow-low hill and low mountain.

scholarly journals Study on the driven mechanism of hydrologic drought based on the lithology-combined structure of the Karst drainage basin in South China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhonghua He ◽  
Hong Liang ◽  
Zhaohui Yang
Keyword(s):  
South China ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Natural Phenomenon ◽  
Drainage Basins ◽  
Global Climate Changes ◽  
Combined Structure ◽  
Hydrologic Drought ◽  
Hydrological Droughts

Abstract Hydrologic drought, considered as a typical natural phenomenon in the background of global climate changes, is the continuation and development of meteorological and agricultural droughts, and is the ultimate and most thoroughly drought. The research area controlled by the 55 hydrological sections in South China is selected in this paper, and the intensity and frequency of hydrologic droughts are analyzed by the Standardized Runoff Index (SRI), and the driven mechanism of watershed lithologies to hydrologic droughts is discussed. The results show that (i) the hydrological drought of Karst drainage basins is shown the gradual aggravation from the west to east parts in South China, with the significant north–south stripe distributions at the SRI_3 and SRI_6; (ii) the occurring probability of hydrological droughts is the Limestone-type Karst Basin (II and III, 0.17) < Dolomite-type Karst Basin (I and IV, 0.22) < Non-Karst Basin (V, 0.25) in terms of combination types of basin lithologies, and (iii) the Karst Basin (I and III, 0.18) < Semi-Karst Basin (II and IV, 0.2) < Non-Karst Basin (V, 0.25) in terms of basin lithologies. Therefore, this proves that the most water-stored spaces are found in Karst Basins under the differential dissolution or erosion effects of soluble water, followed by in the Semi-Karst Basin, the least water-stored spaces in the Non-Karst Basin.

scholarly journals Study on the Driven Mechanism of Watershed Hydrological Drought Based on Geomorphological Spatial Distribution Pattern: A Case Study of Guizhou, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhonghua He ◽  
Hong Liang ◽  
zhaohui Yang
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Hydrological Drought ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Spatial Evolution ◽  
The West ◽  
The North ◽  
Driving Mechanisms ◽  
Hydrological Droughts

In recent years, hydrological drought has become more and more frequent, which has caused serious ecological and environmental problems. This paper is taking Guizhou province of China as an example to analyze the geomorphologic distribution and temporal-spatial evolution of hydrological droughts, and to study driving mechanisms of both the rainfall in drought periods and geomorphologic factors on the hydrological droughts, based on the hydrometeorological data from the 2000 to 2010, and the TM and DEM data. The results show that (1) the rainfall and its temporal-spatial distribution have less impacts on the hydrological droughts and its temporal-spatial distribution, showing the obvious phase characteristics, and the regional hydrological droughts are more serious in the south than in the north, and the less serious in the east than in the west; and (3) in terms of the overall distribution of landform types, the mountain, hill and basin have less impacts on hydrological droughts; in terms of the distribution of single geomorphic type, hydrological droughts are significantly influenced by the high-medium mountain, deep-high hill and high basin, where the hydrological droughts are relatively lighter. While there are more serious areas in the low basin, shallow-low hill and low mountain.

scholarly journals Reconstruction of North American drainage basins and river discharge since the Last Glacial Maximum

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 831-869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew D. Wickert
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Ice Sheets ◽  
Glacial Isostatic Adjustment ◽  
Drainage Basins ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Isostatic Adjustment ◽  
The North ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Last Glacial

Abstract. Over the last glacial cycle, ice sheets and the resultant glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) rearranged river systems. As these riverine threads that tied the ice sheets to the sea were stretched, severed, and restructured, they also shrank and swelled with the pulse of meltwater inputs and time-varying drainage basin areas, and sometimes delivered enough meltwater to the oceans in the right places to influence global climate. Here I present a general method to compute past river flow paths, drainage basin geometries, and river discharges, by combining models of past ice sheets, glacial isostatic adjustment, and climate. The result is a time series of synthetic paleohydrographs and drainage basin maps from the Last Glacial Maximum to present for nine major drainage basins – the Mississippi, Rio Grande, Colorado, Columbia, Mackenzie, Hudson Bay, Saint Lawrence, Hudson, and Susquehanna/Chesapeake Bay. These are based on five published reconstructions of the North American ice sheets. I compare these maps with drainage reconstructions and discharge histories based on a review of observational evidence, including river deposits and terraces, isotopic records, mineral provenance markers, glacial moraine histories, and evidence of ice stream and tunnel valley flow directions. The sharp boundaries of the reconstructed past drainage basins complement the flexurally smoothed GIA signal that is more often used to validate ice-sheet reconstructions, and provide a complementary framework to reduce nonuniqueness in model reconstructions of the North American ice-sheet complex.

scholarly journals Reconstruction of North American drainage basins and river discharge since the Last Glacial Maximum

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew D. Wickert
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Ice Sheets ◽  
Glacial Isostatic Adjustment ◽  
Drainage Basins ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Isostatic Adjustment ◽  
The North ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Last Glacial

Abstract. Over the last glacial cycle, ice sheets and the resultant glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) rearranged river systems. As these riverine threads that tied the ice sheets to the sea were stretched, severed, and restructured, they also shrank and swelled with the pulse of meltwater inputs and time-varying drainage basin areas, and sometimes delivered enough meltwater to the oceans in the right places to influence global climate. Here I present a general method to compute past river flow paths, drainage basin geometries, and river discharges, by combining models of past ice-sheets, glacial isostatic adjustment, and climate. The result is a time series of synthetic paleohydrographs and drainage basin maps from the Last Glacial Maximum to present for five published models of the North American ice sheets. I compare these maps with drainage reconstructions based purely on field data, such as river deposits and terraces, isotopic records, mineral provenance markers, glacial moraine histories, and evidence of ice-stream and esker flow directions. The sharp boundaries of the reconstructed past drainage basins complement the flexurally-smoothed GIA signal more often used to validate ice-sheet reconstructions, and provide a complementary framework to reduce nonuniqueness in model reconstructions of the North American ice sheet complex.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Active Tectonics in Northwest of Saveh

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahar Rezaeinahal ◽  
Mohsen PourKermani ◽  
Mehdy Zare ◽  
Maryam Dehbozorgi ◽  
Reza Nozaem
Keyword(s):  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Active Tectonics ◽  
Tectonic Activity ◽  
Drainage Basins ◽  
The North ◽  
Level Of Activity ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Arc Gis ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
Gis Software

Abstract The northwest zone of Saveh city is located in the fault zone of the Indes, Koosh e Nosrat, Avaj and Aipak. Indes faults, Cox Nosrat, Avaj and Aipak are considered as the major faults of central Iran, which are also active in the Quaternary and the last movements of these faults are attributed to the present covenant, therefore, the estimation of morphometri in order to identify the effect of active tectonics on the tectonic evolution of drainage basins seems necessary. Therefore, in this study, six important morphotectonic indexes were analyzed; longitudinal gradient of the river, asymmetry of drainage basin, hypometric integral, Drainage basin shape,the ratio of the width of the floor to the height of the valley and forehead of the mountain is discussed.to create the basins on the studied area, Arc Hydro software (Arc GIS software) has been used based on data from a digital elevation model, Then, 6 morphotectonic indexes have been compiled and classified on each of the basins.Finally, according to which the region has been classified into 4 categories of high, medium and low tectonic activity the, Active Tectonic Index (IAT) has been calculated.According to the IAT index, 5% of the study area shows very high tectonic activity, 25% of the studied area has high tectonic activity, the average tectonic activity has 65% and about 5% of the tectonic activity are low. In this study, the highest level of tectonic activity is in the north-eastern part of the region. In most of the sectors, the level of activity is high and moderate, which is related to the activity of Koshk E Nosrat, Aipak, Avaj faults.

scholarly journals Emprego de protocolo de avaliação rápida no diagnóstico ambiental de sistemas fluviais: estudo de caso em áreas urbanas de Iconha e Piúma (ES)

GeoTextos ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinícius Vieira Pontini ◽  
André Luiz Nascentes Coelho
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Rapid Evaluation ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Drainage Basins ◽  
Fluvial Systems ◽  
Evaluation Protocol

Bacias hidrográficas são exemplos de recortes espaciais que integram uma visão conjunta do comportamento das condições naturais e das atividades humanas nelas compreendidas, onde ganham destaque a urbanização e suas materializações que, muitas vezes, têm desdobramentos negativos nos sistemas fluviais. Atualmente, o desenvolvimento de ferramentas rápidas e simples para realizar o diagnóstico ambiental preliminar desses sistemas vêm ganhando espaço frente às estações de monitoramento, a exemplo dos Protocolos de Avaliação Rápida (PARs). Logo, este artigo discute as potencialidades de aplicação de um modelo de PAR em áreas urbanas de Iconha e Piúma (ES), no contexto da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Novo. Os resultados apontam que em quatro dos cinco pontos analisados a qualidade ambiental foi classificada como “intermediária”, enquanto no outro restante foi “boa”. A utilização do protocolo mostrou-se, em geral, satisfatória, expondo as vantagens do seu uso para aferir a qualidade ambiental dos rios analisados. Abstract USE OF RAPID EVALUATION PROTOCOL IN THE ENVIRONMENTAL DIAGNOSIS OF FLUVIAL SYSTEMS: CASE STUDY IN URBAN AREAS OF ICONHA AND PIÚMA (ES) Drainage basins are examples of spatial arrengements that integrate a joint vision of the behavior of natural conditions and human activities within them, where urbanization and its materializations are highlighted, which often have negative consequences in the fluvial systems. Nowadays, the development of rapid and simple tools to accomplish the preliminary environmental diagnosis of such systems has been conquering space against monitoring stations, like the Rapid Evaluation Records (Protocolos de Avaliação Rápida – PARs). Thus, this study discuss the potentialities of applying a PAR model in urban areas of the municipalities of Iconha and Piúma (ES), in the context of the Novo River Drainage Basin. The results show that in four out of five analyzed points, the environmental quality was classified as “intermediate”, while in the remaining one it was “good”. The use of the PAR model was generally satisfactory, exposing the advantages of its use to designate the environmental quality of the analyzed rivers.

DRAINAGE BASIN AS A COMPLEX SOCIO-NATURAL HIERARCHICAL SYSTEM

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-303
Author(s):  
VALERIY BONDAREV
Keyword(s):  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Large River ◽  
Hierarchical Level ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Drainage Basins ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Analysis ◽  
Entire Complex

The theoretical and methodological basis of the systems hierarchical spatial and temporal analysis of a drainage basin, which addresses the problems of effective management in socio-natural systems of different ranks, is considered. It is proposed to distinguish 9 orders of forms that are relevant to the analysis of drainage basins, where the first level is represented by individual aggregates and particles, and the last - by basins of large and the largest rivers. As part of the allocation of geological, historical and modern time intervals, the specificity of the implementation of processes in basins of different scales from changing states, through functioning to evolution is demonstrated. The interrelation of conditions and factors that determine the processes occurring within the drainage basins is revealed. It is shown that a specific combination of conditions and factors that determine processes in the drainage basin is associated with the hierarchy of the objects under consideration, i.e. the choice of a spatial-temporal hierarchical level is crucial for the organization of study within drainage basins. At one hierarchical level, some phenomenon can be considered as a factor, and at another - as a condition. For example, tectonic processes can be considered as an active factor in the evolution of large river basins in the geological perspective, but for small drainage basin, this is already a conservative background condition. It is shown that at the historical time the anthropogenic factor often comes to the fore, with the appearance of which in the functioning of the drainage basin, there is a need to take into account the entire complex of socio-environmental problems that can affect the sustainable state of various territories, especially in the field of water and land use. Hierarchical levels of managing subjects are identified, which are primarily responsible for effective management at the appropriate hierarchical level of the organization of the socio-natural system within the catchment area, starting from an individual to humankind as a whole.

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