Public perception of flood risks, flood forecasting and mitigation

Abstract. A multidisciplinary and integrated approach to the flood mitigation decision making process should provide the best response of society in a flood hazard situation including preparation works and post hazard mitigation. In Slovenia, there is a great lack of data on social aspects and public response to flood mitigation measures and information management. In this paper, two studies of flood perception in the Slovenian town Celje are represented. During its history, Celje was often exposed to floods, the most recent serious floods being in 1990 and in 1998, with a hundred and fifty return period and more than ten year return period, respectively. Two surveys were conducted in 1997 and 2003, with 157 participants from different areas of the town in the first, and 208 in the second study, aiming at finding the general attitude toward the floods. The surveys revealed that floods present a serious threat in the eyes of the inhabitants, and that the perception of threat depends, to a certain degree, on the place of residence. The surveys also highlighted, among the other measures, solidarity and the importance of insurance against floods.

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Analisa Kapasitas Penampang Sungai Kali Gunting Di Kabupaten Jombang

Jurnal Intake : Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu Teknik dan Terapan ◽

10.48056/jintake.v9i2.45 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 80-85

Author(s):

Saiful Arfaah ◽

Iswinarti

Keyword(s):

Water Level ◽

River Water ◽

Cross Section ◽

Return Period ◽

Flood Mitigation ◽

Mitigation Measures ◽

Flood Water ◽

Flow Parameters ◽

Flood Discharge ◽

Level Profile

The cause of flooding in the watershed area, one of which is caused by the inability of the river profile to accommodate the existing discharge (overflow). This research is intended to examine flood discharge and flood water level profile of Kali Gunting as a first step to determine flood mitigation solutions. Analysis of flood water level profiles using the Hec-Race 4.0 modeling program. With the help of this program, it is expected to be able to accommodate the flow parameters that are so complex. After modeling and knowing the capabilities of each part (cross section), this result will be a technical reference in determining flood mitigation measures. From the results of the study, the analysis of the potential for flooding in the scissor area was obtained as a result of the flood discharge capacity at scissors times = 301.00m3 / dt, and the emission times = 136.66m3 / dt for the 50th return period. The results of the Q50th calculation show that the condition of K. Scissors P0-P36 river water overflows / floods because the flood water level is above the eksesting embankment, while P36-P46 does not overflow / does not flood because the flood water level is below the eksesting dike. K. Panir condition P0-P48 river water overflows / floods because the flood water level is above the eksesting embankment, while P48-P60 does not overflow / does not flood because the flood water level is below the eksesting embankment

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Modeling the Impact of Building-Level Flood Mitigation Measures Made Possible by Early Flood Warnings on Community-Level Flood Loss Reduction

Buildings ◽

10.3390/buildings11100475 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 475

Author(s):

Omar M. Nofal ◽

John W. van de van de Lindt ◽

Harvey Cutler ◽

Martin Shields ◽

Kevin Crofton

Keyword(s):

Flood Risk ◽

Risk Model ◽

Flood Hazard ◽

Community Level ◽

Flood Mitigation ◽

Precipitation Forecast ◽

Mitigation Measures ◽

Flood Vulnerability ◽

The Impact ◽

Flood Warnings

The growing number of flood disasters worldwide and the subsequent catastrophic consequences of these events have revealed the flood vulnerability of communities. Flood impact predictions are essential for better flood risk management which can result in an improvement of flood preparedness for vulnerable communities. Early flood warnings can provide households and business owners additional time to save certain possessions or products in their buildings. This can be accomplished by elevating some of the water-sensitive components (e.g., appliances, furniture, electronics, etc.) or installing a temporary flood barrier. Although many qualitative and quantitative flood risk models have been developed and highlighted in the literature, the resolution used in these models does not allow a detailed analysis of flood mitigation at the building- and community level. Therefore, in this article, a high-fidelity flood risk model was used to provide a linkage between the outputs from a high-resolution flood hazard model integrated with a component-based probabilistic flood vulnerability model to account for the damage for each building within the community. The developed model allowed to investigate the benefits of using a precipitation forecast system that allows a lead time for the community to protect its assets and thereby decreasing the amount of flood-induced losses.

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Vulnerability assessment and interdependency analysis of critical infrastructures for climate adaptation and flood mitigation

International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment ◽

10.1108/ijdrbe-02-2014-0019 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 313-346 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Rodolfo Jr. Espada ◽

Armando Apan ◽

Kevin McDougall

Keyword(s):

Vulnerability Assessment ◽

Flood Risk ◽

Climate Adaptation ◽

Critical Infrastructure ◽

Integrated Approach ◽

System Of Systems ◽

Flood Mitigation ◽

Mitigation Measures ◽

Critical Infrastructures ◽

Content Type

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a novel approach that examines the vulnerability and interdependency of critical infrastructures using the network theory in geographic information system (GIS) setting in combination with literature and government reports. Specifically, the objectives of this study were to generate the network models of critical infrastructure systems (CISs), particularly electricity, roads and sewerage networks; to characterize the CISs’ interdependencies; and to outline the climate adaptation (CA) and flood mitigation measures of CIS. Design/methodology/approach – An integrated approach was undertaken in assessing the vulnerability and interdependency of critical infrastructures. A single system model and system-of-systems model were operationalized to examine the vulnerability and interdependency of the identified critical infrastructures in GIS environment. Existing CA and flood mitigation measures from government reports were integrated in the above-mentioned findings to better understand and gain focus in the implementation of natural disaster risk reduction (DRR) policies, particularly during the 2010/2011 floods in Queensland, Australia. Findings – Using the results from the above-mentioned approach, the spatially explicit framework was developed with four key operational dimensions: conceiving the climate risk environment; understanding the critical infrastructures’ common cause and cascade failures; modeling individual infrastructure system and system-of-systems level within GIS setting; and integrating the above-mentioned results with the government reports to increase CA and resilience measures of flood-affected critical infrastructures. Research limitations/implications – While natural DRR measures include preparation, response and recovery, this study focused on flood mitigation. Temporal analysis and application to other natural disasters were also not considered in the analysis. Practical implications – By providing this information, government-owned corporations, CISs managers and other concerned stakeholders will allow to identify infrastructure assets that are highly critical, identify vulnerable infrastructures within areas of very high flood risk, examine the interdependency of critical infrastructures and the effects of cascaded failures, identify ways of reducing flood risk and extreme climate events and prioritize DRR measures and CA strategies. Originality/value – The individualist or “pigeon-hole” approach has been the common method of analyzing infrastructures’ exposure to flood hazards and tends to separately examine the risk for different types of infrastructure (e.g. electricity, water, sewerage, roads and rails and stormwater). This study introduced an integrated approach of analyzing infrastructure risk to damage and cascade failure due to flooding. Aside from introducing the integrated approach, this study operationalized GIS-based vulnerability assessment and interdependency of critical infrastructures which had been unsubstantially considered in the past analytical frameworks. The authors considered this study of high significance, considering that floodplain planning schemes often lack the consideration of critical infrastructure interdependency.

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Flood Mitigation in Developing Countries: A Case Study of India

Asian Review of Social Sciences ◽

10.51983/arss-2018.7.1.1378 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 91-95

Author(s):

Md. Karar Ahmad

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Natural Disasters ◽

Structural Control ◽

Flood Hazard ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Flood Mitigation ◽

Mitigation Measures ◽

Indian Government ◽

Additional Information ◽

Public Property

Floods are the common natural disasters in most of the developing countries, and India isno exception.Due to the geographic and climatic conditions the country remains under threat. Floods have been recurrent phenomenon in many parts of India, causing loss of lives and public property and bringing untold misery to the people. The floods that occurred in India in 2013 were highly catastrophic based on the number of victims. International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, IFRC (2013) continues to steer the evacuation efforts as well as in rescuing the stranded victims. Methods of structural control of floodwater can be grouped into four types; namely, storage, diversion, enhancing channel capacity, and constriction of the water within the channel. The following flood mitigation measures could be adopted to mitigate the adverse impacts of severe floods and to prevent normal floods. Flood walls are constructed out of materials such as concrete or steel in order to control the flow of flood waters and prevent the flooding of specific areas. The construction of floodwalls and embankments has been the traditional means of protecting low lying communities and infrastructure against flooding. Flood hazard maps contain information about the probability or magnitude of an event whereas flood risk maps contain additional information about the consequences. Flood insurance is one of the effective ways in order to cope with the aftermaths of flood events. The Indian government acknowledges the problems the country faces because of the various natural disasters that occur. Consequently, various agencies have been instituted to evaluate the country’s exposure to disasters and to develop ways of mitigating or managing the impacts of the disasters.

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Flood Mitigation Measure and Water Storage in East Africa: An Analysis for the Rio Muaguide, Mozambique

Hydrology ◽

10.3390/hydrology8020092 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 92

Author(s):

Sara Rrokaj ◽

Benedetta Corti ◽

Anna Giovannini ◽

Giorgio Cancelliere ◽

Davide Biotto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Flood Hazard ◽

Dynamic Modelling ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Flood Mitigation ◽

Mitigation Measures ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Field Evidence ◽

Agricultural Community ◽

Storage Basin ◽

Sub Saharan

In the last century, floods have been more frequently hitting population and human activity, especially in the sub-Saharan context. The aim of this study is to propose suitable flood mitigation measures for the downstream part of the Rio Muaguide, which flows in northern Mozambique. In this terminal part of the river, the bed has been buried by sediment in many reaches; due to the reduction of the section conveyance, wide areas are inundated during the rainy season with negative consequences for several villages relying on subsistence agriculture. The design of any measure requires quantitative determinations but, as many less developed countries, Mozambique is affected by data scarcity. Therefore, in this study global and freely available data have been used to perform hydrologic and two-dimensional hydro-dynamic modelling, finally producing a flood hazard map. Particular care has been put into a critical analysis of several data sources, in terms of their suitability for the purposes of the work. Based on the modelling results and on field evidence, an intervention has been proposed with a double functionality of mitigating the effects of periodic floods and storing water to be used by the agricultural community during drier seasons. The proposed intervention combines restoring a sedimentation-less shape of the river sections and exploiting a natural basin as a storage basin. The methods applied and the intervention proposed for the Rio Muaguide are prototypal for several analogous streams in the coastal portion of Mozambique.

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Analisa Kapasitas Penampang Sungai Kali Gunting Di Kabupaten Jombang

Jurnal Intake : Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu Teknik dan Terapan ◽

10.32492/jintake.v9i2.778 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 80-85

Author(s):

Saiful Arfaah ◽

Iswinarti Iswinarti

Keyword(s):

Water Level ◽

River Water ◽

Cross Section ◽

Return Period ◽

Flood Mitigation ◽

Mitigation Measures ◽

Flood Water ◽

Flow Parameters ◽

Flood Discharge ◽

Level Profile

The cause of flooding in the watershed area, one of which is caused by the inability of the river profile to accommodate the existing discharge (overflow). This research is intended to examine flood discharge and flood water level profile of Kali Gunting as a first step to determine flood mitigation solutions. Analysis of flood water level profiles using the Hec-Race 4.0 modeling program. With the help of this program, it is expected to be able to accommodate the flow parameters that are so complex. After modeling and knowing the capabilities of each part (cross-section), this result will be a technical reference in determining flood mitigation measures. From the results of the study, the analysis of the potential for flooding in the scissor area was obtained as a result of the flood discharge capacity at scissors times = 301.00m3 / dt, and the emission times = 136.66m3 / dt for the 50th return period. The results of the Q50th calculation show that the condition of K. Scissors P0-P36 river water overflows / floods because the flood water level is above the existing embankment, while P36-P46 does not overflow/does not flood because the flood water level is below the existing dike. K. Panir condition P0-P48 river water overflows / floods because the flood water level is above the existing embankment, while P48-P60 does not overflow/does not flood because the flood water level is below the existing embankment

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Multi-Criteria Decision Making for Vulnerability Mapping of Flood Hazard: A Case Study of Pune City

10.21523/gcj5.18020105 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 41-52

Author(s):

Nitin Mundhe

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Flood Hazard ◽

Geographical Information ◽

Multi Criteria Decision Making ◽

Flood Hazards ◽

Very High Frequency ◽

Flood Vulnerability ◽

Natural Risk ◽

The Town

Floods are natural risk with a very high frequency, which causes to environmental, social, economic and human losses. The floods in the town happen mainly due to human made activities about the blockage of natural drainage, haphazard construction of roads, building, and high rainfall intensity. Detailed maps showing flood vulnerability areas are helpful in management of flood hazards. Therefore, present research focused on identifying flood vulnerability zones in the Pune City using multi-criteria decision-making approach in Geographical Information System (GIS) and inputs from remotely sensed imageries. Other input data considered for preparing base maps are census details, City maps, and fieldworks. The Pune City classified in to four flood vulnerability classes essential for flood risk management. About 5 per cent area shows high vulnerability for floods in localities namely Wakdewadi, some part of the Shivajinagar, Sangamwadi, Aundh, and Baner with high risk.

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Environmental effects of tourism and its seasonality on Mediterranean islands: the contribution of the Interreg MED BLUEISLANDS project to build up an approach towards sustainable tourism

Environment Development and Sustainability ◽

10.1007/s10668-020-00984-8 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Cristina Andolina ◽

Geraldina Signa ◽

Agostino Tomasello ◽

Antonio Mazzola ◽

Salvatrice Vizzini

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Tourism ◽

Integrated Approach ◽

Mitigation Measures ◽

Mediterranean Islands ◽

Tourist Destination ◽

Local Economies ◽

Good Opportunity ◽

Management Plans ◽

Seawater Quality ◽

Great Burden

Abstract The Mediterranean basin is amongst the world’s main tourist destination, and its islands are a major attraction, being sites of historical, cultural and naturalistic importance. This is beneficial for the local economies, but it may also represent a great burden on the coastal environment, where other human pressures are concentrated. The awareness of detrimental side effects of tourism together with the importance to take into account social and economic facets has led to the concept of sustainable tourism, which, however, represents a goal far from being attained. A good opportunity to promote sustainable tourism was provided by the Interreg MED BLUEISLANDS project, whose main aim was to identify, address and mitigate the effects of the seasonal variation of waste generated by tourism on Mediterranean islands. Here, we present the methodological framework of the project aimed at biomonitoring coastal seawater in highly touristic sites using macroalgae as valuable bioindicators of seawater quality and improving its status through the implementation and assessment of mitigation measures that included also the involvement of stakeholders. Outcomes of the project highlighted the effectiveness of such an integrated approach, confirming the importance of choosing proper indicators and tools that can support the development of management plans aiming to mitigate environmental impact and foster sustainable tourism.

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A Conflict between Traditional Flood Measures and Maintaining River Ecosystems? A Case Study Based upon the River Lærdal, Norway

Water ◽

10.3390/w13141884 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (14) ◽

pp. 1884

Author(s):

Ana Juárez ◽

Knut Alfredsen ◽

Morten Stickler ◽

Ana Adeva-Bustos ◽

Rodrigo Suárez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing Data ◽

Freshwater Ecosystems ◽

River Channel ◽

Flood Mitigation ◽

Mitigation Measures ◽

Flood Events ◽

Protection Measures ◽

River Ecosystems ◽

Hydraulic Models

Floods are among the most damaging of natural disasters, and flood events are expected to increase in magnitude and frequency with the effects of climate change and changes in land use. As a consequence, much focus has been placed on the engineering of structural flood mitigation measures in rivers. Traditional flood protection measures, such as levees and dredging of the river channel, threaten floodplains and river ecosystems, but during the last decade, sustainable reconciliation of freshwater ecosystems has increased. However, we still find many areas where these traditional measures are proposed, and it is challenging to find tools for evaluation of different measures and quantification of the possible impacts. In this paper, we focus on the river Lærdal in Norway to (i) present the dilemma between traditional flood measures and maintaining river ecosystems and (ii) quantify the efficiency and impact of different solutions based on 2D hydraulic models, remote sensing data, economics, and landscape metrics. Our results show that flood measures may be in serious conflict with environmental protection and legislation to preserve biodiversity and key nature types.

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