scholarly journals Stress field sensitivity analysis in a sedimentary sequence of the Alpine foreland, Northern Switzerland

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 711-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Hergert ◽  
O. Heidbach ◽  
K. Reiter ◽  
S. B. Giger ◽  
P. Marschall
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Stress Field ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Plastic Material ◽  
Empirical Relationship ◽  
Relevant Parameter ◽  
Sedimentary Sequence ◽  
Alpine Foreland ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The stress field at depth is a relevant parameter for the design of subsurface constructions and reservoir management. Yet the distortion of the regional stress field due to local-scale features such as sedimentary and tectonic structures or topography is often poorly constrained. We conduct a stress sensitivity analysis using 3-D numerical geomechanical modelling with an elasto-plastic material law to explore the impact of such site specific features on the stress field in a sedimentary sequence of the Swiss Alpine foreland. The model's dimensions are 14 km × 14 km × 3 km and it contains ten units with different mechanical properties, intersected by two regional fault zones. An initial stress state is established involving a semi-empirical relationship between the ratio of horizontal to vertical stress and the overconsolidation ratio of argillaceous sediments. The model results indicate that local topography can affect the stress field significantly to depths greater than the relief contrasts at the surface, especially in conjunction with horizontal tectonic loading. The complexity and frictional properties of faults are also relevant. The greatest variability of the stress field arises across the different sedimentary units. Stress magnitudes and stress anisotropy are much larger in stiffer formations such as massive limestones than in softer argillaceous formations. The stiffer formations essentially carry the load of the far-field forces and are therefore more sensitive to changes of the boundary conditions. This general characteristic of stress distribution in the stiff and soft formations is broadly maintained also with progressive loading towards the plastic limit. The stress field in argillaceous sediments within a stack of formations with strongly contrasting mechanical properties like in the Alpine foreland appears to be relatively insensitive to changes in the tectonic boundary conditions and is largely controlled by the maximum stiffness contrast with respect to the load-bearing formations.

scholarly journals Stress field sensitivity analysis in a sedimentary sequence of the Alpine foreland, northern Switzerland

Solid Earth ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 533-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Hergert ◽  
O. Heidbach ◽  
K. Reiter ◽  
S. B. Giger ◽  
P. Marschall
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Stress Field ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Plastic Material ◽  
Empirical Relationship ◽  
Relevant Parameter ◽  
Sedimentary Sequence ◽  
Alpine Foreland ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The stress field at depth is a relevant parameter for the design of subsurface constructions and reservoir management. Yet the distortion of the regional stress field due to local-scale features such as sedimentary and tectonic structures or topography is often poorly constrained. We conduct a stress sensitivity analysis using 3-D numerical geomechanical modelling with an elasto-plastic material law to explore the impact of such site-specific features on the stress field in a sedimentary sequence of the Swiss Alpine foreland. The model's dimensions are 14 × 14 × 3 km3 and it contains 10 units with different mechanical properties, intersected by two regional fault zones. An initial stress state is established involving a semi-empirical relationship between the ratio of horizontal to vertical stress and the overconsolidation ratio of argillaceous sediments. The model results indicate that local topography can affect the stress field significantly to depths greater than the relief contrasts at the surface, especially in conjunction with horizontal tectonic loading. The complexity and frictional properties of faults are also relevant. The greatest variability of the stress field arises across the different sedimentary units. Stress magnitudes and stress anisotropy are much larger in stiffer formations such as massive limestones than in softer argillaceous formations. The stiffer formations essentially carry the load of the far-field forces and are therefore more sensitive to changes of the boundary conditions. This general characteristic of stress distribution in the stiff and soft formations is broadly maintained also with progressive loading towards the plastic limit. The stress field in argillaceous sediments within a stack of formations with strongly contrasting mechanical properties like in the Alpine foreland appears to be relatively insensitive to changes in the tectonic boundary conditions and is largely controlled by the maximum stiffness contrast with respect to the load-bearing formations.

Predicting the Impact of Quenching on Mechanical Properties of Complex-Shaped Aluminum Alloy Parts

1995 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 479-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. D. Hall ◽  
I. Mudawar
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Finite Element Program ◽  
Part Geometry ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Element Program ◽  
Nozzle Configuration ◽  
The Impact

The mechanical properties of age-hardenable aluminum alloy extrusions are critically dependent on the rate at which the part is cooled (quenched) after the forming operation. The present study continues the development of an intelligent spray quenching system, which selects the optimal nozzle configuration based on part geometry and composition such that the magnitude and uniformity of hardness (or yield strength) is maximized while residual stresses are minimized. The quenching of a complex-shaped part with multiple, overlapping sprays was successfully modeled using spray heat transfer correlations as boundary conditions within a finite element program. The hardness distribution of the heat-treated part was accurately predicted using the quench factor technique; that is, the metallurgical transformations that occur within the part were linked to the cooling history predicted by the finite element program. This study represents the first successful attempt at systematically predicting the mechanical properties of a quenched metallic part from knowledge of only the spray boundary conditions.

scholarly journals Effect of Mineral Fillers on the Mechanical Properties of Commercially Available Biodegradable Polymers

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 394
Author(s):  
Wouter Post ◽  
Lambertus J. Kuijpers ◽  
Martin Zijlstra ◽  
Maarten van der Zee ◽  
Karin Molenveld
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Biodegradable Polymers ◽  
Plastic Material ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Plastic Materials ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Polybutylene Succinate ◽  
Mineral Fillers ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Plastic Products

In the successful transition towards a circular materials economy, the implementation of biobased and biodegradable plastics is a major prerequisite. To prevent the accumulation of plastic material in the open environment, plastic products should be both recyclable and biodegradable. Research and development actions in the past few decades have led to the commercial availability of a number of polymers that fulfil both end-of-life routes. However, these biobased and biodegradable polymers typically have mechanical properties that are not on par with the non-biodegradable plastic products they intend to replace. This can be improved using particulate mineral fillers such as talc, calcium carbonate, kaolin, and mica. This study shows that composites thereof with polybutylene succinate (PBS), polyhydroxybutyrate-hexanoate (PHBH), polybutylene succinate adipate (PBSA), and polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT) as matrix polymers result in plastic materials with mechanical properties ranging from tough elastic towards strong and rigid. It is demonstrated that the balance between the Young’s modulus and the impact resistance for this set of polymer composites is subtle, but a select number of investigated compositions yield a combination of industrially relevant mechanical characteristics. Finally, it is shown that the inclusion of mineral fillers into biodegradable polymers does not negate the microbial disintegration of these polymers, although the nature of the filler does affect the biodegradation rate of the matrix polymer.

Adaptive Flow Field Thermal Modeling Techniques for Turbine Rotor-Stator Cavities

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Maria Rey Villazón ◽  
Martin Berthold ◽  
Arnold Kühhorn
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Thermal Modeling ◽  
Turbine Rotor ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Preliminary Design ◽  
Design Assessment ◽  
The Impact

At preliminary design stages of the turbine discs design process, reducing uncertainty in the thermal prediction of critical parts models is decisive to bid a competitive technology in the aerospace industry. This paper describes a novel approach to develop adaptive thermal modeling methods for non-gaspath turbine components. The proposed techniques allow automated scaling of disc cavities during preliminary design assessment of turbine architectures. The research undertaken in this work begins with an overview of the past investigations on the flow field in cavities of the air system surrounding the turbine discs. A theoretical approach is followed to identify the impact of the design geometry and operation parameters of a simplistic rotor-stator cavity, with special focus on swirl and windage effects. Then, a parametric CFD process is set up to conduct sensitivity analysis of the flow field properties. The CFD sensitivity analysis confirmed the parameter influences concluded from the theoretical study. The findings from the CFD automated studies are used to enhance the boundary conditions of a thermal FE-model of an actual high pressure turbine. The new set of thermal boundary conditions adapts the flow field to changes in the cavity parameters. It was found that the deviation to experimental data of the traditional preliminary modeling technique is about 4 times higher as the deviation of the CFD-enhanced technique. When running the FE-model through a transient cycle, the results from the CFD-enhanced method are significantly closer to the test data than those from the traditional method, which suggests there is high potential for using these adaptive thermal techniques during turbine preliminary design stages.

Effect of combined drink cans and steel fibers on the impact resistance and mechanical properties of concrete

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 6734-6742
Author(s):  
A. Syamsir ◽  
S. M. Mubin ◽  
N. M. Nor ◽  
V. Anggraini ◽  
S. Nagappan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Steel Fibers ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Indirect Tensile ◽  
The Impact

This study investigated the combine effect of 0.2 % drink cans and steel fibers with volume fractions of 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5% and 3% to the mechanical properties and impact resistance of concrete. Hooked-end steel fiber with 30 mm and 0.75 mm length and diameter, respectively was selected for this study.  The drinks cans fiber were twisted manually in order to increase friction between fiber and concrete. The results of the experiment showed that the combination of steel fibers and drink cans fibers improved the strength performance of concrete, especially the compressive strength, flexural strength and indirect tensile strength. The results of the experiment showed that the combination of steel fibers and drink cans fibers improved the compressive strength, flexural strength and indirect tensile strength by 2.3, 7, and 2 times as compare to batch 1, respectively. Moreover, the impact resistance of fiber reinforced concrete has increase by 7 times as compared to non-fiber concretes. Moreover, the impact resistance of fiber reinforced concrete consistently gave better results as compared to non-fiber concretes. The fiber reinforced concrete turned more ductile as the dosage of fibers was increased and ductility started to decrease slightly after optimum fiber dosage was reached. It was found that concrete with combination of 2% steel and 0.2% drink cans fibers showed the highest compressive, split tensile, flexural as well as impact strength.    

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