scholarly journals Carotid Intima-Media Thickness and Cardiovascular Risk Factors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitorino Modesto dos Santos ◽  
Laura Campos Modesto
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Artery Disease ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Traditional Risk Factors ◽  
Artery Disease

Albers SS et al. reviewed carotid artery variation in the development of atherosclerotic carotid artery disease (Int J Med Students. 2019 Sep-Dec;7(3):82-91) commenting on changes from birth to older ages that can contribute to disorders of intramural elastin even in absence of disease. Considering the coexistence of traditional risk factors of atherosclerosis, additional comments are posed about measurements of carotid intima-media thickness in patients with obesity, chronic renal failure, and secondary hyperparathyroidism. The authors emphasized the need for further research to validate preventive procedures initiating since prenatal.

The independent and add-on values of radial intima thickness measured by ultrasound biomicroscopy for diagnosis of coronary artery disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 889-896
Author(s):  
Mingjun Xu ◽  
Mei Zhang ◽  
Jinfeng Xu ◽  
Mei Zhu ◽  
Cheng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Ultrasound Biomicroscopy ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Traditional Risk Factors ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract Aims Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) has been widely used to risk stratify and predict coronary artery disease (CAD) despite its significant limitations. To test whether radial artery intima thickness (RIT) is closely associated with atherosclerotic risk factors, and whether RIT has an independent and additive value for diagnosis of CAD. Methods and results One hundred and sixteen consecutive CAD patients and 79 age and gender-matched healthy controls were enrolled in this study. RIT, radial media thickness, radial intima-media thickness, and CIMT were measured with a high-resolution ultrasound biomicroscopy. Binary logistic regression was used to assess association between CAD and ultrasonic parameters, biochemical biomarkers or traditional risk factors. Receiver-operating characteristic curves were plotted to compare performances of several diagnostic models. RIT was positively associated with age, systolic blood pressure, statin administration, and hypertension. The independent value of RIT for differentiating CAD was similar to that of CIMT, but the add-on value of RIT to traditional risk factors for detecting CAD was superior to that of CIMT. Moreover, addition of RIT and CIMT to traditional risk factors increased AUC for detecting CAD from 0.724 to 0.867 significantly (P = 0.003). Conclusion RIT could detect CAD independently similarly to CIMT. The add-on value of RIT to traditional risk factors for detecting CAD was superior to CIMT and addition of RIT and CIMT to traditional risk factors markedly increased the power to diagnose CAD. Thus, RIT measured by ultrasound biomicroscopy provided a novel approach to non-invasive diagnosis of CAD.

scholarly journals Carotid Artery Disease in Diabetic Patients

PRILOZI ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marijan Bosevski
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Artery Disease ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Symptomatic Carotid ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
Artery Disease

AbstractThere are two points of view on the interplay between carotid artery disease and diabetes mellitus: Diabetes mellitus has been recognized as one of the main determinants for the presence and progression of asymptomatic and symptomatic carotid artery disease; and carotid intima-media thickness has been defined as a useful tool for risk stratification of this population.Hyperglycaemia, duration of diabetes, arterial hypertension, cholesterol and inflammatory markers have previously been determined as independent factors for carotid atherosclerosis in diabetes, and aging as its predictor in this population by our own results. This paper focuses on the particularities of risk factors in diabetic patients (especially in type 2) and evidence-based guidelines for the management and risk reduction of these patients with stroke and/or carotid artery disease.At present, carotid ultrasound is recommended in diabetic patients with cerebrovascular symptoms. Since the prevalence of diabetes increases constantly, we attempt to address refreshment of criteria for screening of carotid artery disease in the diabetic population. It could be recommended for diabetic patients with at least one more risk factors and for diabetic patients above 60 years of age.

scholarly journals POS0528 SCORES OF CARDIOVASCULAR RISK CALCULATORS AS PREDICTORS OF EARLY ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 498.1-498
Author(s):  
E. Gerasimova ◽  
T. Popkova ◽  
D. Gerasimova ◽  
S. Glukhova ◽  
E. Nasonov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Traditional Risk Factors ◽  
Early Atherosclerosis

Background:Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic inflammatory disease leading to significant increase in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in RA patients is associated with the accumulation of traditional risk factors and immunological disorders. Carotid Artery Doppler Ultrasound (DUS) Exam is the gold standard to identify early atherosclerosis.Objectives:To evaluate the cardiovascular risk and analyze its relationship with detection of early carotid artery atherosclerotic lesion in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods:One hundred and nine RA patients (female/male 93/16), aged 45 to 60 without established CVD were included in the study. The median age was 52 [48; 54] years, duration of RA was 120 [36; 204] months, DAS28 was 4,7 [3,5; 5,6] points. 54% (n=59) of patients received methotrexate (median dose 20 [15;27]mg/week), 12% - leflunomide (20mg/day), 12% - sulfasalazine (2000mg/day), 40% - glucocorticoids (median dose 4 [2;8]mg/day), 44% - non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. None of study participants had biologics or statins in their therapeutic regiments at the time of inclusion. CVD risk was calculated with mSCORE, RRS, ASSIGN, QRISK3, ERS-RA scales and results of Carotid Artery DUS imaging in all patients.Results:Traditional risk factors were highly among RA patients without CVD, including: arterial hypertension - in 73%, dyslipidemia - 68%, overweight - 53%, family history of CVD - 43% and smoking - 39% patients. A combination of three traditional risk factors was found in 60% of patients with RA, and combination of two – in 25%. High risk was found in 5, 5, 14, 6, and 38% of patients according to mSCORE, RRS, ASSIGN, QRISK3, ERS-RA scales, respectively. Carotid atherosclerotic plaques were found in 30% of patients, more often in men (48%) than in women (28%, p=0,049), with similar prevalence regardless RA activity or stage od disease. Positive correlations of carotid intima-media thickness were established with scores of all CVD risk calculators: mSCORE (R = 0,50), RRS (R = 0,40), ASSIGN (R = 0,40), QRISK3 (R = 0,36), ERS-RA (R = 0,26), p <0,05 in all cases, as well as with age (R = 0,41; p = 0,04), the level of total cholesterol (R = 0,23; p = 0,01), systolic blood pressure (R = 0,66; p = 0,02), diastolic blood pressure (R = 0,33; P = 0,03), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (R = 0,26; p = 0,04), IL-6 levels (R = 0,65; p = 0,01). The sensitivity and specificity of the CVR algorithms in prognostication of atherosclerotic carotid artery lesions were 73 and 67% for mSCORE, 64 and 63% for RRS, 64 and 56% for ASSIGN, 73 and 49% for QRISK3, respectively, p<0.05 in all cases, 67 and 50% for ERS-RA, p=0,06.Conclusion:RRS, mSCORE, ASSIGN, QRISK 3 calculators equally predicted the presence of carotid atherosclerotic plaques in RA patients. The optimal ratio of specificity and sensitivity is shown for the mSCORE scale. Stratification of CVR in RA patients should include assessment of the carotid intima-media thickness. mSCORE calculation and carotid intima-media thickness were the most informative methods identify CVR assessment in RA patients.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Ultrasound evaluation of carotid artery intima-media thickness in patients with risk factors for cardiovascular disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim A. Awad ◽  
Hanan Y. Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Ultrasound Evaluation ◽  
And Gender

Objective: The study purpose was to assess the change of carotid artery intima-media thickness (CAIMT) in patients with cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF), and determine the main factor that causing the abnormal IMT.Methods: We collected the data of 89 patients who underwent a carotid artery ultrasound between February 2011 and November 2012 (43 men and 46 women aged between 20-80 years old). All patients included in the study had one of the following cardiovascular risk factors: smoking (n = 40), arterial hypertension (n = 25) or diabetes mellitus (n = 24). The IMT of the common carotid artery was measured and the results were correlated with the recorded risk factor. Correlation with the patient’s age and gender was also performed.Results: The study revealed abnormal IMT (> 1 mm) in a total of 71 (79.8%) patients. These included 22 (88%) patients with hypertension, 19 (79.2%) patients with diabetes mellitus and 30 (75%) patients who were smokers (p < .05 for all 3 risk factors). While aging was also associated with increased IMT (p < .05), no gender differences were noted (p > .05).Conclusions: The present study showed that ultrasound is an excellent, noninvasive method for evaluation of carotid intima-media thickness. The main risk factors associated with abnormal carotid IMT were hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking andpatient’s age.

Carotid Intima-Media Thickness and Coronary Artery Disease: An Indian Perspective

2003 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gupta Hansa ◽  
Kartikeya Bhargava ◽  
Manish Bansal ◽  
Sharad Tandon ◽  
Ravi R Kasliwal
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Disease Group ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Artery Disease

To determine whether carotid intima-media thickness is associated with coronary artery disease and cardiovascular risk factors in the Indian population, carotid intima-media thickness was measured using high-resolution B-mode ultrasonography in 101 patients with coronary artery disease and 140 control subjects. Carotid intima-media thickness was measured at 3 predefined sites on each side. The maximum carotid intima-media thickness was significantly higher in the coronary disease group compared to the controls (1.02 vs. 0.80 mm). The average intima-media thickness was also significantly higher in the coronary disease group (0.82 vs. 0.67 mm). On multivariate logistic regression analysis, carotid intima-media thickness was the only factor found to be an independent predictor of coronary artery disease. There was a significant association between risk factor count and the average and maximum intima-media thickness values in the combined study population. These results indicate that raised values of average and maximum carotid intima-media thickness are significantly associated with the presence of coronary artery disease and this association is independent of the presence of other conventional cardiovascular risk factors.

scholarly journals Meta-analysis of epigenome-wide association studies of carotid intima-media thickness

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliana Portilla-Fernández ◽  
Shih-Jen Hwang ◽  
Rory Wilson ◽  
Jane Maddock ◽  
W. David Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Media Thickness

AbstractCommon carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) is an index of subclinical atherosclerosis that is associated with ischemic stroke and coronary artery disease (CAD). We undertook a cross-sectional epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) of measures of cIMT in 6400 individuals. Mendelian randomization analysis was applied to investigate the potential causal role of DNA methylation in the link between atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk factors and cIMT or clinical cardiovascular disease. The CpG site cg05575921 was associated with cIMT (beta = −0.0264, p value = 3.5 × 10–8) in the discovery panel and was replicated in replication panel (beta = −0.07, p value = 0.005). This CpG is located at chr5:81649347 in the intron 3 of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor repressor gene (AHRR). Our results indicate that DNA methylation at cg05575921 might be in the pathway between smoking, cIMT and stroke. Moreover, in a region-based analysis, 34 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were identified of which a DMR upstream of ALOX12 showed the strongest association with cIMT (p value = 1.4 × 10–13). In conclusion, our study suggests that DNA methylation may play a role in the link between cardiovascular risk factors, cIMT and clinical cardiovascular disease.

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