scholarly journals Expression and Activity of Nadph Oxidase 4 (Nox4) is Related to Antiapoptotic Activity of Human Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Aurelija Maziukienė ◽  
Aldona Jakštaitė ◽  
Giedrė Šilkūnienė ◽  
Kristina Kmieliūtė ◽  
Antanas Gulbinas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Pancreatic Tissue ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Nadph Oxidase 4 ◽  
Pancreatic Cancer Cells ◽  
Ros Formation ◽  
Antiapoptotic Activity

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is one of the most aggressive human malignancies with high mortality rates. Low survival rates are due to late diagnosis at advanced stages of the disease. High invasiveness and chemoresistance of pancreatic adenocarcinoma at least partially could be related to the antiapoptotic activity of intracelular ROS generated by Nox4. There are only few studies about Nox4 expression in pancreatic cancer, yet Nox4 is believed to be relevant antiapoptotic factor in pancreatic cancer cells. In this study we have determined the expression of Nox4 in human pancreatic tissue at both protein and mRNA levels. We compared how Nox4 is overexpressed in pancreatic cancer in comparison to human healthy adjacent and healthy donor pancreatic tissue. We have also identified the effect of ROS formation in MiaPaca-2 and Capan-2 cells under treatment with NADPH oxidase inhibitors DPI and apocynin. Our results showed that DPI and apocynin inhibited ROS formation. Moreover, it decreased viability of pancreatic cancer cells and induced apoptosis as well. Result confirms ROS being responsible for antiapoptotic activity of pancreatic cancer cells. These findings point out to NADPH oxidases being a potential terapeutic targets in treatment of cancer.

Effect of zeb1 and zeb2 on pancreatic fibrobast-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in pancreatic cancer.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e21035-e21035
Author(s):  
Laura Visa ◽  
Esther Samper ◽  
Mariana Rickmann ◽  
Antonio Postigo ◽  
Esther Sanchez-Tillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Human Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Epithelial Tumor ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Pancreatic Cancer Cells ◽  
E Cadherin

e21035 Background: EMT renders neoplastic cancer cells the ability to migrate and to invade distant organs. The hallmark of EMT is the loss of E-cadherin, which is a prerequisite for epithelial tumor cell invasion. In pancreatic cancer, loss of tumor E-cadherin is an independent predictor of poor outcome. Aims: To analyze the effect of pancreatic fibroblasts (PF) on inducing EMT in pancreatic cancer cells and to identify the transcription factors (Snail, Slug, ZEB1, ZEB2) that mediate EMT process. Methods: Human PFs were isolated from human pancreatic specimens obtained from chronic pancreatitis and from unaffected margins of pancreatic adenocarcinoma and serous cistoadenoma. PF were cultured until complete cellular activation, as assessed by expression of α-smooth muscle actin, vimentin and fibronectin. Human pancreatic cancer cells Panc-1 were exposed to PF conditioned medium (PF-CM) and EMT analyzed by cell morphology, migration, and E-cadherin expression (quantitative RT-PCR and immunoblot). Gene expression of Snail, Slug, ZEB1, and ZEB2 was analyzed by quantitative RT-PCR, and their activity modulated by siRNA Results: Conditioned media from all types of activated PFs induced EMT changes in Panc-1 cells, as shown by 1) morphological transition from cobblestone shaped to fibroblast-like cells, 2) stimulation of cell migration, and 3) E-cadherin down–regulation; mRNA expression of Snail transiently increased at 30 min after exposure to PF returning to basal levels afterwards; mRNA levels of ZEB1 were not up-regulated upon exposure to PF-CM. However, ZEB1 protein greatly accumulated after 48h incubation with PF-CM, suggesting that PF prevent ZEB1 degradation in Panc-1 cells. Combined RNA downregulation of ZEB1 and ZEB2, but not of Snail and/or Slug, suppressed E-cadherin repression induced by PF. Conclusions: Activated PFs promote the invasive phenotype of pancreatic cancer cells through ZEB1 and ZEB2 activation.

An RNA aptamer that specifically binds pancreatic adenocarcinoma up-regulated factor inhibits migration and growth of pancreatic cancer cells

2011 ◽  
Vol 313 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-Hee Kim ◽  
Ho Jin Sung ◽  
Sukyoung Kim ◽  
Eun-Ok Kim ◽  
Ji Won Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Rna Aptamer ◽  
Pancreatic Cancer Cells

scholarly journals The antagonistic regulation of human MUC4 and ErbB-2 genes by the Ets protein PEA3 in pancreatic cancer cells: implications for the proliferation/differentiation balance in the cells

2005 ◽  
Vol 386 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valérie FAUQUETTE ◽  
Michael PERRAIS ◽  
Sylvain CERULIS ◽  
Nicolas JONCKHEERE ◽  
Marie-Paule DUCOUROUBLE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Biological Marker ◽  
Proximal Region ◽  
Site Directed Mutagenesis ◽  
Tyrosine Kinase Receptor ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Pancreatic Cancer Cells

The human transmembrane mucin MUC4 is aberrantly expressed in 75% of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas, whereas no expression is found in normal pancreas. Therefore MUC4 appears as a useful biological marker for the diagnosis of ductal adenocarcinomas. Since rat Muc4 was shown to interact with ErbB-2 tyrosine kinase receptor and to either promote cell survival and differentiation or cell proliferation, it is postulated that MUC4 may also participate in pancreatic carcinogenesis. Our aim was to investigate in parallel the role of the Ets factor PEA3 in MUC4 and ErbB-2 transcriptional regulation in pancreatic cancer cells. Two MUC4-expressing WD (well-differentiated) (CAPAN-1 and -2) and one MUC4-non-expressing poorly differentiated (PANC-1) cell lines were used. The three cell lines express ErbB-2 at different levels. By co-transfection and site-directed mutagenesis, we show that PEA3 is a transactivator of the MUC4 promoter and that the −216 and −2368 PEA3 binding sites of the MUC4 promoter are essential. We also demonstrate that PEA3 acts in synergy with c-Jun and specificity protein 1 to transactivate the proximal region of the MUC4 promoter and increase MUC4 mRNA levels in WD cells. These results suggest that MUC4 is a new target gene of the Ets factor PEA3 in pancreatic cancer cells. In contrast, PEA3 represses the transcriptional activity of two fragments of the ErbB-2 promoter in a dose-dependent manner and decreases the endogenous ErbB-2 mRNA levels in WD cell lines. Thus, PEA3, by its capacity to up-regulate the epithelial marker MUC4 and to down-regulate the ErbB-2 oncogene, appears as a key regulator of the differentiation/proliferation balance in pancreatic cancer cells.

scholarly journals Expression Analysis of PMP22/Gas3 in Premalignant and Malignant Pancreatic Lesions

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (7) ◽  
pp. 885-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junsheng Li ◽  
Jörg Kleeff ◽  
Irene Esposito ◽  
Hany Kayed ◽  
Klaus Felix ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Normal Pancreas ◽  
Structural Protein ◽  
Pancreatic Cancer Cells ◽  
Cystic Tumors

PMP22 is a structural protein of Schwann cells, but it also influences cell proliferation. In the present study, quantitative RT-PCR (QRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry were used to determine PMP22 mRNA levels and to localize PMP22 in the normal pancreas ( n=20), chronic pancreatitis (CP) ( n=22), pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) ( n=31), intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) ( n=9), mucinous cystic tumors (MCN) ( n=4), and in a panel of PanIN lesions ( n=29). PMP22 mRNA levels were significantly higher in CP (3-fold) and PDAC (2.5-fold), compared to normal pancreatic tissues. PMP22 expression was restricted to nerves in the normal pancreas, while in CP and PDAC PMP22 was also expressed in PanIN lesions and in a small percentage of pancreatic cancer cells. PMP22 was weak to absent in the tumor cells of IPMNs and MCNs. PMP22 mRNA was present at different levels in cultured pancreatic cancer cells and up-regulated by transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 in 2 of 8 of these cell lines. In conclusion, PMP22 expression is present in both CP and PDAC tissues. Its expression in PanIN lesions and some pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in vivo suggests a role of PMP22 in the neoplastic transformation process from the normal pancreas to pre-malignant lesions to pancreatic cancer.

Peritumoral Fibroblast SPARC Expression and Patient Outcome With Resectable Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey R. Infante ◽  
Hiroyuki Matsubayashi ◽  
Norihiro Sato ◽  
James Tonascia ◽  
Alison P. Klein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Median Survival ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Relative Hazard ◽  
Stromal Fibroblasts ◽  
Pancreatic Cancer Cells ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Sparc Expression

Purpose SPARC (secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine) is a protein involved in cell matrix interactions, wound repair, and cell migration, and has been reported to inhibit cancer growth. SPARC undergoes epigenetic silencing in many pancreatic cancers, but stromal fibroblasts adjacent to infiltrating pancreatic adenocarcinomas frequently express SPARC. We evaluated the prognostic significance of tumor and peritumoral SPARC expression in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Patients and Methods The expression patterns of SPARC were characterized by immunohistochemistry in 299 primary pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma resection specimens from patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy at Johns Hopkins Hospital (Baltimore, MD) between 1998 and 2003. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression modeling were used to assess the mortality risk associated with the presence or absence of tumor SPARC and peritumoral SPARC status. Results By Kaplan-Meier analysis, patients whose pancreatic cancer stromal fibroblasts expressed SPARC (median survival, 15 months) had a significantly worse prognosis than patients whose tumor stroma did not express SPARC (median survival, 30 months; log-rank P < .001). In contrast, the expression of SPARC in pancreatic cancer cells was not associated with prognosis (log-rank P = .13). Controlling for other prognostic factors (tumor size, positive lymph nodes, margin status, tumor grade, and age), the relative hazard for patients whose stroma expressed SPARC compared with those whose stroma did not was 1.89 (95% CI, 1.31 to 2.74); the expression of SPARC in pancreatic cancer cells remained unrelated to prognosis (relative hazard, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.73 to 1.42). Conclusion The expression of SPARC by peritumoral fibroblasts portends a poorer prognosis for patients with pancreatic cancer.

Extracellular matrix stimulates reactive oxygen species production and increases pancreatic cancer cell survival through 5-lipoxygenase and NADPH oxidase

2005 ◽  
Vol 289 (6) ◽  
pp. G1137-G1147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mouad Edderkaoui ◽  
Peggy Hong ◽  
Eva C. Vaquero ◽  
Jong K. Lee ◽  
Lars Fischer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Pancreatic Cancer Cells ◽  
Ecm Proteins

The extracellular matrix (ECM) facilitates pancreatic cancer cells survival, which is of central importance for pancreatic adenocarcinoma that is highly fibrotic. Here, we show that reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediate the prosurvival effect of ECM in human pancreatic cancer cells. Fibronectin and laminin stimulated ROS production and NADPH oxidase activation in pancreatic cancer cells. Both pharmacological and molecular approaches show that fibronectin stimulated ROS production through activation of NADPH oxidase and NADPH oxidase-independent pathways and that 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) mediates both these pathways. Analyses of the mechanisms of ROS production by ECM proteins and growth factors indicate that activation of NADPH oxidase (Nox4) is a common mechanism employed both by ECM proteins and growth factors to increase ROS in pancreatic cancer cells. We also found that Nox4 is present in human pancreatic adenocarcinoma tissues and that these tissues display membrane NADPH oxidase activity. ECM proteins and growth factors activate NADPH oxidase through different mechanisms; in contrast to ECM proteins, growth factors activate NADPH oxidase through 5-LO-independent mechanisms. Inhibition of 5-LO or NADPH oxidase with pharmacological inhibitors of these enzymes and with Nox4 or 5-LO antisense oligonucleotides markedly stimulated apoptosis in cancer cells cultured on fibronectin. Our results indicate that ROS generation via 5-LO and downstream NADPH oxidase mediates the prosurvival effect of ECM in pancreatic cancer cells. These mechanisms may play an important role in pancreatic cancer resistance to treatments and thus represent novel therapeutic targets.

scholarly journals Kaempferol induces ROS-dependent apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells via TGM2-mediated Akt/mTOR signaling

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengjiao Wang ◽  
Lai Wang ◽  
Chao Qu ◽  
Lianyu Chen ◽  
Yawen Geng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Colony Formation ◽  
Mtor Signaling ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Apoptotic Signaling ◽  
Pancreatic Cancer Cells ◽  
Public Data

Abstract Background Kaempferol, a natural flavonoid, exhibits anticancer properties by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, increasing evidence has demonstrated that, under certain conditions, kaempferol can inhibit tumor growth by upregulating ROS levels. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether kaempferol effectively suppresses pancreatic cancer through upregulation of ROS, and to explore the underlying molecular mechanism. Methods PANC-1 and Mia PaCa-2 cells were exposed to different concentrations of kaempferol. Cell proliferation and colony formation were evaluated by CCK-8 and colony formation assays. Flow cytometry was performed to assess the ROS levels and cell apoptosis. The mRNA sequencing and KEGG enrichment analysis were performed to identify differentially expressed genes and to reveal significantly enriched signaling pathways in response to kaempferol treatment. Based on biological analysis, we hypothesized that tissue transglutaminase (TGM2) gene was an essential target for kaempferol to induce ROS-related apoptosis in pancreatic cancer. TGM2 was overexpressed by lentivirus vector to verify the effect of TGM2 on the ROS-associated apoptotic signaling pathway. Western blot and qRT-PCR were used to determine the protein and mRNA levels, respectively. The prognostic value of TGM2 was analyzed by Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) tools based on public data from the TCGA database. Results Kaempferol effectively suppressed pancreatic cancer in vitro and in vivo. Kaempferol promoted apoptosis in vitro by increasing ROS generation, which was involved in Akt/mTOR signaling. TGM2 levels were significantly increased in PDAC tissues compared with normal tissues, and high TGM2 expression was positively correlated with poor prognosis in pancreatic cancer patients. Decreased TGM2 mRNA and protein levels were observed in the cells after treatment with kaempferol. Additionally, TGM2 overexpression downregulated ROS production and inhibited the abovementioned apoptotic signaling pathway. Conclusions Kaempferol induces ROS-dependent apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells via TGM2-mediated Akt/mTOR signaling, and TGM2 may represent a promising prognostic biomarker for pancreatic cancer.

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