scholarly journals Lengua y mercado en el mundo hispanohablante: un acercamiento al estado de la traducción literaria

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Calabrese Steimberg
Keyword(s):  
Home Country ◽  
Spanish America ◽  
Literary Translation ◽  
Unequal Distribution ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
Cultural Field ◽  
Economic Dependency ◽  
The Status ◽  
Literary Systems ◽  
Theoretical Issues

This paper analyzes the status of literary translation in Spanish America and its conditions of production. Working with the Argentinean case as an exam-ple, we try to explain the logic of a cultural field strongly shaped by editorial globalization and economic dependency on the former home country. We discuss a number of theoretical issues related to the possible existence of a mega-polysystem linking the Spanish-speaking countries and their literary systems, as a way to approach the complex relations between a supraregional language and the national States sharing it. In this context, we analyze the unequal distribution of Spanish dialectal variations in the verbal market, and we examine the strategies that aim at resisting this kind of cultural dependency.

On Refugeehood and Citizenship

2017 ◽  
pp. 716-742
Author(s):  
Cathryn Costello
Keyword(s):  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Home Country ◽  
Shared Responsibility ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter explores the relationship between citizenship and refugeehood. In particular, it examines the extent to which loss of meaningful citizenship defines the predicament of the refugee. It then examines the status of refugee and refugee rights. Thirdly, it considers how refugeehood comes to an end, in particular the role of citizenship (new or restored) in ending refugeehood. Citizenship is formally viewed as bringing refugeehood to an end, whether that emerges as return to the home country or naturalisation in a new state. However, in practice, a new citizenship for many refugees remains out of reach, and the status of refugee often becomes an intergenerational carrier of civic and social exclusion. The reflects the realities of refugee containment, in contrast to the vision of shared responsibility that underpins the 1951 Convention on the Status of Refugees and the refugee regime.

‘The Enjoyment of Literature’: Women Writers and the ‘Battle of the Brows’

Time and Tide ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 177-208
Author(s):  
Catherine Clay
Keyword(s):  
Women Writers ◽  
Women's Writing ◽  
Cultural Field ◽  
The Feminine ◽  
The Status ◽  
Women’S Writing

This chapter picks up and extends arguments advanced earlier in the book regarding the status of women’s writing and criticism during the years of modernism’s cultural ascendancy and academic institutionalisation. In the contexts of (1) a newly configured ‘University English’ which took an authoritative new role in the cultural field against an earlier belle-lettres tradition, and (2) the unprecedented prestige of middlebrow fiction in the 1930s, the chapter explores how Time and Tide navigated increasing tensions between ‘highbrow’ and ‘middlebrow’ spheres and succeeded in straddling both. First the chapter discusses the introduction in 1927 of a new ‘Miscellany’ section of the paper – home to E. M. Delafield’s popular serial ‘The Diary of a Provincial Lady’ – and argues that these columns created and legitimised a place for the ‘feminine middlebrow’ and amateur writer as the periodical increased its orientation towards the highbrow sphere. Second, with reference to the appointment of Time and Tide’s first two literary editors, the chapter discusses how the periodical negotiated a widening gap in this period between intellectual and general readers, and between amateur and professional modes of criticism.

scholarly journals Found in Translation: The Reception of Andrei Ivanov’s Prose in Estonia

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Anneli Kõvamees
Keyword(s):  
Decisive Role ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Literary Field ◽  
Literary Magazines ◽  
Cultural Field ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Estonian Language

Andrei Ivanov (b. 1971) is the most well known Estonian Russianlanguage writer who has won many literary awards in Estonia and Russia. His prose and position in the literary field of Estonia has initiated the discussion about the exact definition of Estonian literature and the status of the Estonian Russian-language literature. Due to Ivanov’s prose, the world of Estonian Russians has become more visible for the Estonian audience. He also gives a piercing look into the modern society and offers a different perspective on the world; these are some of the reasons of his popularity. The article focuses on the analysis of the reception of Ivanov’s prose published in Estonian. The vast majority of Ivanov’s prose has been translated into Estonian: Путешествие Ханумана на Лолланд, Харбинские мотыльки, Бизар, Исповедь лунатика, Горсть праха, Печатный шар Расмуса Хансена, Мой датский дядюшка and Зола. The author has entered the Estonian cultural field through translations, it may be said that he has been found in translations. Ivanov’s books are bestsellers and widely discussed in newspapers, blogs and in the literary magazines. The position of Estonian Russian literature has shifted from the periphery into the spotlight and the works by Ivanov have played a decisive role in that process. The article focuses on the analysis of the reception of Ivanov’s prose published in Estonian. The articles published in the Estonian language and concentrating on his prose (both in newspapers and in the literary magazines) are under observation. What topics have been discussed? Which aspects of Ivanov’s prose have attracted the attention of the critics?

Beyond Common Sense in Bilingual Education

1975 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen G. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Bilingual Education ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Vernacular Language ◽  
Language Groups ◽  
The Status ◽  
Vernacular Literacy ◽  
Theoretical Issues ◽  
Initial Literacy ◽  
Single Statement

It is assumed that by now the widely known UNESCO statement about the value of vernacular literacy has achieved the status of “common sense” knowledge among those interested in the schooling of minority language groups. The term “common sense” here implies that although there is much that is sound in a common sense view, there is also the danger of oversimplification. Although strongly in favour of bilingual education, both educationally and in terms of the ethics of racial contact, I see a number of areas where an oversimplified approach to it can bring either some harm with the good or at least lessen the effectiveness of the use of the vernacular language in education. The “initial literacy in the vernacular” approach is not a panacea for all minority group educational problems. The article by Joy Kinslow-Harris (1968), probably the best single statement made on the value of vernacular education for Australian Aboriginals, was a profound call for a basic change in attitude towards the education of Aboriginals, and outlined sound starting procedures. While this paper strongly supports Kinslow-Harris’s statement, it wishes also to extend understanding of some important theoretical issues.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Plasmid DNA and mRNA as Vaccine Technologies

Vaccines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Dna Vaccine ◽  
Plasmid Dna ◽  
Dna Vaccines ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Potential Toxicity ◽  
Vaccine Candidates ◽  
The Status ◽  
Experimental Findings ◽  
Theoretical Issues

This review provides a comparison of the theoretical issues and experimental findings for plasmid DNA and mRNA vaccine technologies. While both have been under development since the 1990s, in recent years, significant excitement has turned to mRNA despite the licensure of several veterinary DNA vaccines. Both have required efforts to increase their potency either via manipulating the plasmid DNA and the mRNA directly or through the addition of adjuvants or immunomodulators as well as delivery systems and formulations. The greater inherent inflammatory nature of the mRNA vaccines is discussed for both its potential immunological utility for vaccines and for the potential toxicity. The status of the clinical trials of mRNA vaccines is described along with a comparison to DNA vaccines, specifically the immunogenicity of both licensed veterinary DNA vaccines and select DNA vaccine candidates in human clinical trials.

Recent movements in theoretical psychology in Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 842-851
Author(s):  
Tetsuya Kono
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Psychology ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Narrative Psychology ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
Modern Psychology ◽  
Theoretical Psychology ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
Theoretical Issues

The purpose of this article is to report on the status quo in Japanese theoretical psychology and introduce some of the recent theoretical debates relating to psychology and related fields in Japan. Theoretical psychology has not been very active in Japanese psychology so far. However, despite that, very important studies on theoretical issues in psychology have been conducted in the last 20 years, such as theoretical debate concerning “new forms of psychology”; methodological arguments about qualitative approaches, narrative psychology, and clinical psychology; detailed studies on the history of Japanese modern psychology; and the creation of new interdisciplinary fields of research. At present, Japanese psychology seems to be a collection of small diverse paradigms. I conclude that more theoretical and philosophical arguments are needed in order to avoid narrowing psychologists’ view on humanity and to pursue the true and comprehensive understanding of the object.

Hispanoamerika

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hartmut Sangmeister
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Spanish America ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Hispanic American ◽  
Paradigm Shifts ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
Economic Paradigm ◽  
Multidisciplinary Perspective

'Spanish America’, which has developed since 1492, is today a heterogeneous economic and cultural region with 400 million inhabitants. The economic, political and social structures of the Hispanic American countries and their integration into the global economy have changed constantly. These changes have at times occurred gradually and have often been disruptive and violent. For study programmes that deal with the Spanish-speaking countries of Central and South America from a multidisciplinary perspective, this textbook, which is entitled ‘Hispanoamerika. Wirtschaft – Politik – Geschichte’, provides an in-depth overview of the complex interrelations between the economic paradigm shifts and changes in political power structures in Hispanic America during the several centuries of its history.

The Rise and Decline of the Ariel-Caliban Antithesis in Spanish America

1978 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. Reid
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Latin America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Spanish America ◽  
Spanish American ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
The North ◽  
Primary Image ◽  
Literary Device

Seldom has a literary device had such international political resonance as the famous Ariel-Caliban contraposition of José Enrique Rodó's essay. In the decades immediately following its publication in 1900 Ariel was an exceptionally valued credo for Spanish American youth, not only for its intrinsic grace, but also because it provided a timely answer to a widespread need. To a generation depressed by the frequently pessimistic conclusions of racist doctrines and an uneasy sense of inferiority, and irked by the admonitions of ninteenthcentury “Nordomaniacs,” Ariel offered in sonorous periods a set of values assumed to be peculiarly Latin and therefore the patrimony of Latin America. As Alberto Zum Felde says, “It was the longed-for reply of this weak backward America to the Titanic potentiality of the North: its self-justification, its compensation, its retaliation.” Luis Alberto Sánchez's generation must have derived, as he says he did, its primary image of the United States from Ariel. Arturo Torres-Ríoseco describes it as “the ethical gospel of the Spanish-speaking world.”

Representations of Self and the Other in Two Iraqi Travelogues of the Ottoman Period

1998 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hala Fattah
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Spanish America ◽  
The Other ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Mother Country ◽  
The Status ◽  
Common Destiny ◽  
Point Of Departure ◽  
Different Levels

Over the years, a number of important studies have been written on aspects of premodern travel in the Islamic world. Most of the literature examining the travel circuits of Ottoman/Arab bureaucrats, scholars, and merchants inevitably gives rise to the question of communal self-awareness and identity. How did pre-modern travelers envisage themselves and the “other”? What allowed some of them to create “imagined communities” of like-minded sojourners, incorporating space, ideology, and shared origin into a notion of exclusive commonality? How did travel contribute to the emergence of theories of “national” exceptionalism from among the fluid traditions of de-centralized imperial control? Why was it that the most favored classes in the empire's provinces were usually the first to register their unease with the status quo and to experiment with different levels of self-perception and identity? Benedict Anderson's thesis on pre-modern travel is instructive on all of these issues. His point of departure is that the frequent journeys of provincial functionaries, bureaucrats, and scholars, whether to perform the obligations of religious pilgrimage or to oversee the administrative needs of empire, paradoxically provided indigenous elites aspiring for representation and recognition in the mother country (or empire) with the catalyst for the development of a wider sense of identification with their home regions. Finding their desires for increased mobility thwarted by the central power, provincial elites in 18th-century Spanish America eventually chose the way of armed resistance to regain control of what was now perceived to be a “common” destiny.

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