Niederösterreich als Zentrum und Peripherie

2021 ◽  
pp. 579-610
Author(s):  
Andrea Komlosy
Keyword(s):  
Division Of Labour ◽  
Industrial Location ◽  
Core Region ◽  
Global Capitalism ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Regional Diversity ◽  
European Comparison ◽  
Religious Difference ◽  
Cultural Terms ◽  
Political Economic

Lower Austria as Centre and Periphery. As the embodiment of dynastic Austria, Lower Austria represents a core region in political, economic and cultural terms. Its role in the interregional division of labour was that of a highly developed industrial location. The interplay between politics and economics saw the formation of a regional stage of global capitalism, contributing to the international competitiveness of Habsburg Cisleithania in European comparison. While ethnic and religious difference played a very minor role, the regional diversity was dependent on strong disparities that gave rise to pronounced anti-centralist regional identities, especially in peripheralized areas of the land.

Trafficking

2018 ◽  
pp. 344-358
Author(s):  
Paul Amar
Keyword(s):  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Sex Trafficking ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Global Capitalism ◽  
First Century ◽  
Global Studies ◽  
Global History ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Forms Of Violence

This chapter offers a global history, as well as cultural, legal, and political–economic analysis, of “trafficking,” a set of relationships and processes often constituted as the dark mirror of globalization. First, the chapter traces how the term “trafficking” emerged. Second, it examines the evolution of “trafficking” in the context of “drug wars,” from the imperial Opium Wars in China in the early nineteenth century to the twenty-first-century “narco” battlegrounds of Mexico. Third, it surveys how global studies-related research has developed critical lenses for analyzing the politics of “sex trafficking” and “human trafficking.” Finally, it examines the term “trafficker” as selectively deployed along racial and social lines in ways that produce obscuring pseudo-analyses of the violence of global capitalism that preserve the impunity of certain powerful actors, create monstrous misrepresentations of globalizing forms of violence, and stir moral and racial panics on a global scale.

Gender, Labor, and Emotion in a Global Economy

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexia Bloch
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Women Entrepreneurs ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Global Capitalism ◽  
Emotion Work ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Affective States ◽  
Political Economic

This chapter considers how shuttle traders, or small-scale entrepreneurs in the wholesale garment business, move merchandise from Turkey to locations across the former Soviet Union and are part of a broader transformation of intimate practices and affective states brought about by gendered mobility in the region. Featuring the accounts of three women entrepreneurs from Russia, the chapter reflects on how particular political-economic formations generate their own distinctive affective states. The chapter considers the emotion work required of women as men contend with shame about no longer being primary breadwinners, and as women widely reflect on their shame associated with becoming traders. Overall, the chapter analyzes how ideals around gender and labor are renegotiated as global capitalism encompasses former socialists.

The Colonial Mosaic of Indigenous New Spain, 1519–1821

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Kellogg
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
New Spain ◽  
Core Region ◽  
Indigenous Languages ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
Cultural Patterns ◽  
Cultural Survival ◽  
Cultural Expression ◽  
Labor Exploitation ◽  
Political Economic

From a geographically, environmentally, linguistically, and ethnically highly variable Mesoamerica, Spain created a core region within her American territories. But for New Spain’s indigenous inhabitants (Mexica or Nahua, Mixtec, Zapotec, and Maya), despite experiencing demographic catastrophe, political and religious subjugation, and labor exploitation during and after conquest, native cultural patterns and agency influenced the reshaping of governance and community (the latter into pueblos de indios), economy, and spiritual and social life during the period of colonial rule. Because environments, indigenous languages, patterns of political, economic, and spiritual organization, ways of structuring family life, varieties of cultural expression, and forms of interrelationships with Spaniards varied so much, indigenous people did not experience a single New Spain. Instead, a multiplicity of New Spains emerged. These indigenous New Spains would play different roles during the independence period, which led to a protracted struggle, further impoverishment, and growing isolation in the new nations of Mesoamerica but cultural survival as well.

scholarly journals Do sertão ao cerrado: trajetórias do território e do sertanejo goiano

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 156
Author(s):  
Júlio César Pereira Borges
Keyword(s):  
El Paso ◽  
Global Capitalism ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Cultural Elements ◽  
Brazilian Savannah ◽  
Bibliographical Survey ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Way

ResumoCom base na refuncionalização territorial de Goiás, este artigo busca analisar a inserção desse estado na lógica da expansão capitalista na América Latina e no Brasil, enfatizando como a vida sertaneja local é transformada pela ação do capital, responsável pela passagem de Goiás do sertão para Goiás do cerrado. É nessa perspectiva que está pautado este estudo, ou seja, no entendimento da interação dos elementos políticos, econômicos e culturais que se processam na inserção de Goiás na lógica da expansão capitalista e como essa situação ressoa na vida do sertanejo goiano. Para isso, realizou-se uma análise bibliográfica sobre a leitura geográfica do cerrado, acompanhada de entrevistas com pesquisadores do assunto. Tais ferramentas nos possibilitaram entender a incorporação do cerrado na dinâmica do capitalismo mundial e sua reverberação na (re)existência do sertanejo goiano.Palavras-chave: Expansão Capitalista; Cerrado Brasileiro; Território Goiano; (Re)Existência Sertaneja. AbstractBy introducing a debate grounded on the territorial refunctionalization of Goiás state, this article addresses the inclusion of Goiás within the logic of capitalist expansion in Brazil and in Latin America. Moreover, it stresses the way the sertanejo way of life is transformed by the role of capital, which is responsible for the transition from hinterland to savannah in Goiás. The present research stems from understanding the interaction between political, economic, and cultural elements processed in the inclusion of Goiás within the logic of capitalist expansion in Brazil, as well as the way this scenario resonates in the life of the state’s hinterland. To achieve that, this paper brings forth a bibliographical survey of geographical research on the state’s savannah, as well as interviews with researchers. These tools made it possible to understand the savannah’s incorporation into the dynamics of global capitalism and its reverberation in Goiás’ hinterland (re)existence.Keywords: Capitalist Expansion; Brazilian Savannah; Goiás’ Territory; Hinterland (Re)Existence. ResumenCon base en la refuncionalización territorial de Goiás, este artículo analiza la inserción de este estado em la lógica de la expansión del capitalismo en América Latina y en Brasil, enfatizando como la vida sertaneja local es transformada por la acción del capital, responsable po el paso de Goiás del sertão a Goiás del Cerrado. Es en esta perspectiva que está pautado este artículo, o sea, en el entendimiento de la interacción de los elementos políticos, económicos y culturales que se procesan em la inserción de Goiás en la lógica de la expansión capitalista y como esa situación resuena en la vida del sertanejo de Goiás. Por lo tanto, se realizo um análisis bibliográfico sobre la lectura geográfica del Cerrado, acompanhada de entrevistas con investigadores del asunto. Tales herramientas son indispensables para entender la incorporación del Cerrado  em la dinâmica del capitalismo mundial y su reverberación en la (re) existencia del sertanejo goiano.Palabras clave: Expansión capitalista; Cerrado brasileño; Territorio Goiano; (Re) existencia sertaneja. 

scholarly journals Political Agency: The Subject and the Citizen in the Time of Neoliberal Global Capitalism

2017 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Marina Gržinić
Keyword(s):  
Media Studies ◽  
Global Capitalism ◽  
Political Agency ◽  
Significant Shift ◽  
Capitalist World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Work First

Today the notion of the ‘subject’ in the first capitalist world is reserved only for the citizens (fully acknowledged) as such of the first capitalist neoliberal world. Therefore the ‘old’ political ‘subjects’ are seen as a form of an archaic subjectivity and delegated to the so-called third worlds’ capitalisms. The consequences are terminal regarding political agency. Or to reformulate this going back to the most significant shift in the historicization of capitalism, the shift from biocapitalism to necrocapitalism (the shift, break and simultaneity of biopolitics and necropolitics and as well biopower and necropower), we see a twofold mechanism at work. First, if necropolitics presents a new mode of governmentality for neoliberal global capitalism that is a decision over the administration of death (as being opposed to biopolitics as a control over life) then we must ask in which concrete, political, economic and social ideological situation the sovereign decision over death without impunity is normalized and accepted. Second, who are those that are ‘selected’ and targeted as the goal of this necro ‘sovereign’ decision? The answers will pull a paradoxical difference inside the notion of the subject and as well respond to why any demand regarding political subjectivities in the time of a neoliberal global capitalism seems a bad joke and something obsolete.Article received: June 5, 2017; Article accepted: June 16, 2017; Published online: October 15, 2017; Original scholarly paperHow to cite this article: Gržinić, Marina. "Political Agency: The Subject and the Citizen in the Time of Neoliberal Global Capitalism." AM Journal of Art and Media Studies 14 (2017): 1-11. doi: 10.25038/am.v0i14.205

Africa from Post-Colonialism to Multilateralism

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 98-110
Author(s):  
Marek Hrubec
Keyword(s):  
Potential Model ◽  
Global Capitalism ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Global Context ◽  
The Social ◽  
Post Colonialism ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Political Economic

Abstract This article deals with a differentiation of the historical phases of African trajectories in the global context from independence to the present day in order to overcome colonialism and global capitalism. It explains how to understand the historical trajectories from post-colonialism to unilateralism, multilateralism, and finally, the potential of polylateralism. It focuses on the problems and tendencies of advancement in Africa, mainly in sub-Saharan Africa, in order to indicate a potential model for the social, political, economic, and cultural arrangement of relations for the recognition of people in Africa in global interactions.

scholarly journals The Differing Revolutionary Positions of Gramsci and Trotsky in Relation to Classical Marxism, the Peasantry, and the Majority World

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
James Brittain
Keyword(s):  
Global Capitalism ◽  
Capitalist System ◽  
Global Society ◽  
Capitalist Mode ◽  
Majority World ◽  
Permanent Revolution ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Mode Of Production

<p>While differing arguments are found within the discipline, the principal denominator uniting theories of Marxist revolution is that organized class-based struggle can consequentially result in a more equitable society, one which surpasses a capitalist mode of production. Augmenting Marx's work on the growing realities of the competitive capitalist system, Lenin highlighted that as capitalism expands it increasingly becomes a model not of competing capitalist producers but one of centralized economic monopolies within global society. With this political economic shift in global capitalism, Gramsci and Trotsky penned differing theoretical responses toward the importance of revolutionary tactics in an age of imperialism. It is in this vein that this article delves into the varied responses of permanent revolution and war of position/manoeuvre, while illustrating which theory most effectively demonstrates the capacity and emancipatory efforts of peoples located in countries outside of the imperial nations (i.e. the majority world).</p>

scholarly journals Creating meaningful space: Yoga practice transforming bodily habits of 'being-in-the-world'

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
Hanna-Leena Ylönen
Keyword(s):  
Buenos Aires ◽  
World View ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Global Capitalism ◽  
Yoga Practice ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Modern Yoga ◽  
The World ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The City

Buenos Aires, the city of tango, good meat, and. . . yoga? As in many modern big cities, yoga has become extremely popular during the last decades. It is everywhere; in gyms, book stores, yoga centers, multinational companies, even churches. We have hatha, swasthya, and ashtanga yoga, hot yoga, naked yoga, yoga for pregnant women, and for Catholics; the list is endless. For Dutch anthropologist Peter van der Veer (2007), modern yoga is a product of global modernization, originated in the dialogue between the Indian national movement and the western political, economic, and cultural influences. Yoga has become an item in the wide catalogue of alternative therapies, seen as a physic­al exercise promoting bodily and mental health, a way of life, which does not conflict with western science. For van der Veer this ‘therapeutic world view’ is part of global capitalism. (Van der Veer 2007: 317.)

No One in Control? China's Battler Poetry

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 165-185
Author(s):  
Maghiel Van Crevel
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Force Field ◽  
Cultural Production ◽  
Global Capitalism ◽  
Literary Genre ◽  
Literary Aesthetics ◽  
City Life ◽  
The Public ◽  
Cultural Expectations ◽  
Cultural Terms

No literary genre is fully predictable or controllable – but some are more unpredictable and uncontrollable than others, and China's battler poetry is a case in point. In China, up to three hundred million people have left the countryside to flee from poverty and make their way into city life. Exposed to the extreme dynamic of global capitalism, these ‘battlers’ are the foot soldiers of China's economic rise but not invariably its beneficiaries. Many live and work under gruelling conditions and are deprived of basic civil rights, as second-class citizens in socio-economic and cultural terms. And… they write poetry. Not all of them by any means, but enough for a phenomenon called ‘battler poetry’ to enter the public eye. What is battler poetry, and what does it do? What happens when dominant logics of ideology, literary aesthetics and cultural expectations encounter the circumstances of battler life? The force field around this poetry is dizzyingly complex and rife with opportunities for disconnect and the unexpected, throwing into sharp relief the randomness that is part and parcel of cultural production.

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