scholarly journals Smoking Kills

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 2-10
Author(s):  
Greg Blyton
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Aboriginal People ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Contact Period ◽  
Aboriginal Communities ◽  
Early Colonial ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Hunter Region ◽  
Colonial Contact ◽  
The Impact

This paper brings to the reader‟s attention a history of tobacco smoking that arguably had a negative effect on the health of Aboriginal communities in the Hunter region of central eastern New South Wales during the early colonial contact period from 1800 to 1850. Furthermore, it will also be shown that tobacco was used by colonists to engage the services of Aboriginal people, not only in Aboriginal communities in the Hunter region, but further afield across many other frontiers of colonial expansion in Australia in the 19th century. It will be demonstrated through primary archival and secondary sources that colonists utilised tobacco as a coercive agent to appease, befriend, pacify, coerce and remunerate Aboriginal People, resulting in widespread addiction. It is argued that tobacco smoking not only undermined the health of traditional communities, but also this unhealthy habit has been largely overlooked in measurements of the impact of colonization on the health of Indigenous people. While historians widely acknowledge that exotic diseases such as smallpox had a negative effect on the health of Aboriginal People, it is rarely considered in contemporary historical accounts that tobacco had an even more insidious effect on the well being of Aboriginal societies during the early colonial contact period. Furthermore, while diseases such as smallpox have hopefully disappeared forever, health destroyers like tobacco have endured and continue to impact on Aboriginal health. Finally, this paper recognises the enormity of challenges faced by health authorities, and indeed Indigenous Australians, in contemporary society in combating a chronic problem that has been embedded in Aboriginal post-colonial culture during the long course of European occupation.

Household finances and social comparison: Determinants of financial well-being in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Aisyah Amatul Ghina ◽  
Subiakto Sukarno
Keyword(s):  
Social Comparison ◽  
Financial Education ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
Financial Position ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Socioeconomic And Demographic Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

To achieve a vision of sustainable financial well-being (FWB) in Indonesia, generating more knowledge in household behavior and FWB is pivotal. This study assesses the impact of household financial position and social comparison on individual FWB in Indonesia. Using the latest wave of Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) dataset, subjective FWB assessed by questions on subjective prosperity, perceived current standard of living adequacy and perceived future standard of living. The empirical analysis shows that net wealth and total assets are also essential determinants and positively related to FWB along with income. On the contrary, though it is only found significant on the perceived current standard of living adequacy, the total debt level has a negative effect on FWB. The findings also confirm that socioeconomic and demographic factors also significantly affect FWB (e.g., being female and more educated has a positive effect on FWB). Furthermore, it also found that relative financial position (i.e., social comparison) has important roles in determining individuals' FWB level. Being above the reference group's average for a particular financial measure (i.e., income and total assets) has a positive effect on an individual's FWB. The findings of this study suggest for promoting financial education in the national school system starting senior high school to increase the level of financial well-being among young adult and people with lower educational attainment.JEL Classification C31; D14; I31

The Koori Growing Old Well Study: investigating aging and dementia in urban Aboriginal Australians

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1033-1043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kylie Radford ◽  
Holly A. Mack ◽  
Hamish Robertson ◽  
Brian Draper ◽  
Simon Chalkley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Successful Aging ◽  
Aboriginal People ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Aboriginal Communities ◽  
Aboriginal Australians ◽  
South Wales

ABSTRACTBackground:Dementia is an emerging health priority in Australian Aboriginal communities, but substantial gaps remain in our understanding of this issue, particularly for the large urban section of the population. In remote Aboriginal communities, high prevalence rates of dementia at relatively young ages have been reported. The current study is investigating aging, cognitive decline, and dementia in older urban/regional Aboriginal Australians.Methods:We partnered with five Aboriginal communities across the eastern Australian state of New South Wales, to undertake a census of all Aboriginal men and women aged 60 years and over residing in these communities. This was followed by a survey of the health, well-being, and life history of all consenting participants. Participants were also screened using three cognitive instruments. Those scoring below designated cut-offs, and a 20% random sample of those scoring above (i.e. “normal” range), completed a contact person interview (with a nominated family member) and medical assessment (blind to initial screening results), which formed the basis of “gold standard” clinical consensus determinations of cognitive impairment and dementia.Conclusion:This paper details our protocol for a population-based study in collaboration with local Aboriginal community organizations. The study will provide the first available prevalence rates for dementia and cognitive impairment in a representative sample of urban Aboriginal people, across city and rural communities, where the majority of Aboriginal Australians live. It will also contribute to improved assessment of dementia and cognitive impairment and to the understanding of social determinants of successful aging, of international significance.

scholarly journals Addressing Uncomfortable Issues: Reflexivity as a Tool for Culturally Safe Practice in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annabelle Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Health Professional ◽  
Torres Strait Islander ◽  
Aboriginal People ◽  
Aboriginal Communities ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Aboriginal Culture ◽  
Torres Strait ◽  
Partnership Approach ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Torres Strait Islander Health

It is well recognised that research with Aboriginal communities needs to be ethical, meaningful and useful, in a way that is defined by communities themselves. This article provides an example of how reflexivity, from a number of positions and paradigms, can be used to undertake such research. I used a reflexive journal to document and critically assess the challenges and discomfort I experienced while undertaking research with Aboriginal communities, including uncertainty and feeling in the minority. Reflexivity allowed me to experience a number of key learnings, including: the importance of relationships; the importance of time, transparency and trust in relationships; reciprocity; the importance of listening; a partnership approach; and the impact of Aboriginal culture and past experience. The way in which I redefined my success as a researcher is also explored. In using reflexivity I reached new levels of understanding about myself, which enabled me to alter my practice and therefore change the experiences of those I was working with, ideally towards experiences that were perceived as culturally safe. Using reflexivity also enabled me to identify my position as a White researcher and centralise the needs and perspectives of Aboriginal people in my research. The purpose of this article is to present my own journey, as well as start a dialogue and provide a framework for how others might use reflexivity to become a culturally safe health professional or researcher and centralise the needs and perspectives of Aboriginal people in research and practice.

scholarly journals Negative Social Interaction and Psychological Well-Being on Female Basketball Athletes

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
Zulfa Nur Umniyah ◽  
Berliana Berliana ◽  
Boyke Mulyana ◽  
Geraldi Novian
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Negative Social Interactions ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

Exercise can maintain a person's level of psychological well-being or also known as Psychological well-being (PWB), but on the other hand, it can also have a negative effect. Negative Social Interaction is one of the factors that have a negative effect on individuals from their environment during exercise. In terms of gender, women and sports are interrelated even though women have long been underestimated in sports, especially in sports that are considered masculine sports. This study examines the negative social interactions experienced by athletes in basketball. In basketball, negative social interactions can occur due to the assumption that basketball is a masculine sport, besides, that women are considered weaker than men. So this study aims to analyze the impact of Negative Social Interaction obtained by female basketball athletes on the Psychological well-being (PWB) of athletes. The instruments used were Negative Social Exchange (NSE) and Psychological Well-being Scale questionnaires as well as short interviews given to 24 female basketball athletes at the University of Indonesia Education. The results showed that NSI had a significant relationship with the PWB of female basketball athletes. The coach is one individual who plays a very important role in the condition of the athlete's PWB. Not only can it have a negative impact, but NSI can also be turned into a motivation that can encourage athletes to fight harder in the future. The author provides suggestions for coaches who handle female basketball athletes to be more careful when interacting with athletes and for basketball connoisseurs to better organize themselves in expression when enjoying this sport.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF FAMILY ENVIRONMENT ON PREVALENCE OF ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION AMONG SCHOOLCHILDREN

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-63
Author(s):  
Arzu F. Mekhtieva
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Weak Intensity ◽  
Material Conditions ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of study. To investigate characteristics of family environment as risk factors of development of arterial hypertension and high normal arterial pressure in school children.The methods. The thrice-repeated measurement of arterial pressure was implemented among 662 schoolchildren and questionnaire survey of their parents as well. The questionnaire included issues related to conditions of living, dimensions of housing area, material well-being and effect of passive tobacco smoking. The schoolchildren with arterial hypertension resided in 107 families, schoolchildren with high normal arterial pressure - in 78 families and other schoolchildren without arterial hypertension and high normal arterial pressure - in 477 families (control group).The results. The most exposure of arterial hypertension in schoolchildren was observed in families with unsatisfactory hygienic conditions of residence - 47.7±4.9% of cases; with housing, less than 4.0 m2 per one schoolchild - 27,1±4,3% of cases; and also in families with unfavorable material conditions - 62,6±4,7% of cases. The exposure of high normal arterial pressure is analogous. At strong intensity of tobacco smoking of parents’ exposure of arterial hypertension among schoolchildren made up to 45,8±4,8% of cases; at medium intensity - 33,6±4,6% of cases; at weak intensity - 12,1±3,2% of cases and in absence of passive tobacco smoking - 8,4±2,7% of cases. The similar picture is observed and at exposure of high normal arterial pressure.The conclusion. As far as positive social economic transformations are occurring and well-being of population is ameliorating, with time the impact of the first three noted risk factors of family environment of schoolchildren will become weaker. Yet, the impact of passive tobacco smoking on organisms of children can be minimized by force of available controlled explanatory work with parents.

scholarly journals Coping Mechanism Towards Academic Stress Among Students: An Analysis from Islamic Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-53
Author(s):  
Mohd Zaliridzal Zakaria ◽  
Abdul Rashid Abdul Aziz ◽  
Nurhafizah Mohd Shukor ◽  
Muhammed Fauzi Othman ◽  
Mohd Azhar Abd. Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Religious Coping ◽  
Coping Behavior ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Academic Stress ◽  
Coping Mechanism ◽  
Coping Methods ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
And Coping ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Impact

Academic stress can have a negative effect on a student's cognitive, emotional and behavioural well-being. Furthermore, academic stress could also cause a decline in student’s academic performance. Therefore, it is necessary for the student to be able to cope and relieve stress. Religious coping strategies are one of the effective ways in overcoming academic stress. This study was aimed to explore and understand students' experiences of religious coping methods when facing academic stress. A qualitative method by using interview was used. A total of five respondents from the public universities were involved. The data from interviews were analysed by using thematic analysis from five respondents. This study discovered three specific religious coping behaviour that was employed to cope with academic stress; 1) worship in the heart, 2) worship verbally and, 3) worship by action. It has also identified three themes on the impact of religious coping on 1) cognitive, 2) emotional and 3) behaviour. From this study, it can be concluded that specific religious coping behavior which had been used by the students is helpful for them in coping with academic stress. The knowledge and awareness of the internal and external stressors also can help the students to identify the best solution and coping mechanism to manage the stress. These coping behaviours also help the students to have a better understanding of how religious coping can affect students in terms of cognitive, emotion and behavior.

Parenthood and Psychological Well-Being Among the Formerly Married

1989 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHAEL HUGHES
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Parental Role ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Married Men ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact

Previous studies have found that children have a negative, albeit fairly weak, impact on the psychological well-being of parents. These studies have generally focused on married respondents and, to a somewhat lesser extent, unmarried women, but have generally ignored unmarried men. For the most part, studies of parenthood and well-being have not considered the issue of adult and/or absent children. Defining parenthood so it includes relations with adult children, absent children, and dependent children in the home, the present study compares the impact of parenthood on the well-being of formerly married men and women to that of married men and women. The findings confirm that nonparents experience better mental health than parents and further indicate that (1) variation in the parental role is more strongly associated with psychological well-being for men than for women, (2) parenthood is most strongly related to well-being among formerly married men, for whom the greatest problems occur with the presence of young children, (3) the negative effect of the absence of children on parents is greater than the effect of the presence of children for married men and formerly married women, and (4) much of the negative effect of being divorced or being widowed has to do with the impact of children on psychological well-being, particularly for men. Theoretical implications are discussed.

scholarly journals A Qualitative Analysis of the Accessibility and Connection to Traditional Food for Aboriginal Chronic Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Beau Cubillo ◽  
Julia McCartan ◽  
Christine West ◽  
Julie Brimblecombe
Keyword(s):  
Aboriginal People ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
Maintenance Hemodialysis ◽  
Renal Unit ◽  
Traditional Food ◽  
Aboriginal Communities ◽  
Urban City ◽  
Strongly Connected

ABSTRACT Background Due to the lack of resources in remote Aboriginal communities within the Northern Territory of Australia, Aboriginal people requiring chronic maintenance hemodialysis often must relocate from their home communities to Darwin city permanently to receive ongoing care. This phenomenon can cause distressing isolation from important traditional food, land, and family. Objective The aim was to identify the relation to traditional food from an Aboriginal perspective and the enablers and barriers to accessing traditional food post-relocation from remote regions of the Northern Territory, Australia, to the urban city of Darwin. Methods This was a qualitative study design with a total of 12 Aboriginal participants (4 males, 8 females) receiving ongoing hemodialysis at the Nightcliff Renal Unit. Participants had all relocated from a remote region to Darwin. Interviews were conducted between July and September 2018 in Darwin, Australia. Data interpretation was conducted by an Aboriginal researcher and co-authors with a combined 30 y of experience conducting research with Aboriginal people in a health context. Data analysis comprised an inductive thematic analysis approach with an indigenist knowledge interpretation lens to construct, reaffirm, and protect Indigenous views. Results Traditional food was an important part of participants’ identity and strongly connected to social, emotional, spiritual and physical health, and well-being. Access to traditional food post-relocation is associated with enablers and barriers including mobility, local knowledge, social support networks, commercial access, and economics. Conclusions Dialysis patients who are dislocated from remote Aboriginal communities to Darwin experience clear disruption to traditional food access, consumption, availability, and knowledge dissemination to the younger generations.

scholarly journals News Consumption and Its Unpleasant Side Effect

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Boukes ◽  
Rens Vliegenthart
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Television Programs ◽  
News Consumption ◽  
Soft News ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Curve Modeling ◽  
Entertainment Value ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mental Well Being

Abstract. Following the news is generally understood to be crucial for democracy as it allows citizens to politically participate in an informed manner; yet, one may wonder about the unintended side effects it has for the mental well-being of citizens. With news focusing on the negative and worrisome events in the world, framing that evokes a sense of powerlessness, and lack of entertainment value, this study hypothesizes that news consumption decreases mental well-being via negative hedonic experiences; thereby, we differentiate between hard and soft news. Using a panel survey in combination with latent growth curve modeling (n = 2,767), we demonstrate that the consumption of hard news television programs has a negative effect on the development of mental well-being over time. Soft news consumption, by contrast, has a marginally positive impact on the trend in well-being. This can be explained by the differential topic focus, framing and style of soft news vis-à-vis hard news. Investigating the effects of news consumption on mental well-being provides insight into the impact news exposure has on variables other than the political ones, which definitively are not less societally relevant.

scholarly journals The Ripple Effect, Silence and Powerlessness: Hidden Barriers to Discussing Suicide in Australian Aboriginal Communities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd R Heard ◽  
Katherine McGill ◽  
Jaelea Skehan ◽  
Bronwyn Rose
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Aboriginal People ◽  
Ripple Effect ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Aboriginal Communities ◽  
Aboriginal Australians ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Suicide is one of the leading causes of death for Aboriginal Australians. There is an urgent need to actively engage with Aboriginal communities to better understand these issues and to develop solutions together to prevent deaths by suicide in Aboriginal communities. Methods Utilising a qualitative, thematic, cross-sectional design, we conducted focus groups in three communities in New South Wales (Australia) to explore the perceptions and views of Aboriginal participants in relation to discussing suicide. Results The key themes found to influence discussions about suicide in Aboriginal communities included the sense that suicide is a whole of community issue, the ripple effect of suicide deaths, silence about suicide and the impact of this silence, and being powerless to act. Participants described a reluctance to have discussions about suicide; feeling they had limited skills and confidence to have these sorts of discussions; and multiple and interrelated barriers to discussing suicide, including shame, fear and negative experiences of mental health care. Participants also described how their experiences maintained these barriers and prevented Aboriginal Australians from seeking help in suicidal crises. Conclusion Future initiatives should address the interrelated barriers by supporting Aboriginal people to build skills and confidence in discussing suicide and mental health and by improving access to, and the experience of, mental health care and psychosocial and community-based supports for Aboriginal Australians. We suggest trying to address any one of these factors in isolation may increase rather than decrease suicide risk in Aboriginal communities.

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