scholarly journals From Shadow Profiles to Contact Tracing: Qualitative Research into Consent and Privacy

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-60
Author(s):  
Sacha Molitorisz ◽  
James Meese ◽  
Jennifer Hagedorn
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Privacy Protection ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Good Design ◽  
Digital Services ◽  
The Law ◽  
Government Surveillance

For many privacy scholars, consent is on life support, if not dead. In July 2020, we held six focus groups in Australia to test this claim by gauging attitudes to consent and privacy, with a spotlight on smartphones. These focus groups included discussion of four case studies: ‘shadow profiles’, eavesdropping by companies on smartphone users, non-consensual government surveillance of its citizens and contact tracing apps developed to combat COVID-19. Our participants expressed concerns about these practices and said they valued individual consent and saw it as a key element of privacy protection. However, they saw the limits of individual consent, saying that the law and the design of digital services also have key roles to play. Building on these findings, we argue for a blend of good law, good design and an appreciation that individual consent is still valued and must be fixed rather than discarded - ideally in ways that are also collective. In other words, consent is dead; long live consent.

Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Alison Scott-Baumann ◽  
Mathew Guest ◽  
Shuruq Naguib ◽  
Sariya Cheruvallil-Contractor ◽  
Aisha Phoenix
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
University Staff ◽  
Teaching Materials ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
New Research ◽  
Analysis Of Teaching

This book focuses on four main questions: · How do university staff and students view Islam and Muslims? · How do Muslim staff and students experience their faith identities in different ways on campus?· Where do they get their information from? · What role do different kinds of campus context play in shaping such perceptions? · What does this mean for our understanding of how universities function, particularly their capacity to foster critical thinking and cultural inclusivity? It is based on new research undertaken within a wide range of UK universities, including a national, sector-wide survey of over 2,000 students attending 132 universities and in-depth case studies of six very different campuses, including two Islamic colleges of higher education (the first study to include such institutions). The qualitative research has included conversations involving 253 staff and students across these six institutions, focus groups with Muslims and non-Muslims, analysis of teaching materials, observation of classes, and a variety of events pertinent to understanding how Islam is presented on campus.

scholarly journals PENERAPAN DALUWARSA DALAM PENETAPAN PENERBITAN SURAT TAGIHAN PAJAK BUNGA PENAGIHAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-163
Author(s):  
Suparna Wijaya ◽  
Urlich Zwingly Putra Pardede
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Court Decisions ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Literacy Methods ◽  
Directorate General ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Republic

The expiration of the issuance of STP Bunga Penagihan is not clearly regulated in the Law on General Provisions and Tax Procedures (UU KUP). Then the Peraturan Pemerintah 74 of 2011 was issued which should explain further, but has not yet provided legal certainty. PP 74 of 2011 states that the period of issuance of STP and SKPKB is the same, namely 5 years from the end of the tax year or part of the tax period, then there is no explanation of what type of STP is meant, so there are so many interpretations from various parties that cause bias law. This study aims to determine the legal basis for the issuance of STP Bunga Penagihan, the implementation of the STP Bunga Penagihan at the Tax Office and the various interpretations of the resource persons related to this research. This research is a qualitative research using literacy methods and field research in the form of interviews. This research gives results where there are many legal bases governing the issuance of STP Bunga Penagihan but do not clearly state the period of issue. This ambiguity can also be resolved with the views of the staff of the Directorate General of Taxes of the Republic of Indonesia and other informants who tend to be similar regarding the period of issuance of STP Bunga Penagihan. Case studies of relevant court decisions are also described in this journal.

The New Terrain of International Law

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen J. Alter
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Domestic Politics ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
The Political ◽  
International Courts ◽  
Constitutional Review ◽  
Delegation Of Authority ◽  
The World ◽  
The Law

In 1989, when the Cold War ended, there were six permanent international courts. Today there are more than two dozen that have collectively issued over thirty-seven thousand binding legal rulings. This book charts the developments and trends in the creation and role of international courts, and explains how the delegation of authority to international judicial institutions influences global and domestic politics. The book presents an in-depth look at the scope and powers of international courts operating around the world. Focusing on dispute resolution, enforcement, administrative review, and constitutional review, the book argues that international courts alter politics by providing legal, symbolic, and leverage resources that shift the political balance in favor of domestic and international actors who prefer policies more consistent with international law objectives. International courts name violations of the law and perhaps specify remedies. The book explains how this limited power—the power to speak the law—translates into political influence, and it considers eighteen case studies, showing how international courts change state behavior. The case studies, spanning issue areas and regions of the world, collectively elucidate the political factors that often intervene to limit whether or not international courts are invoked and whether international judges dare to demand significant changes in state practices.

COVID-19 Contact Tracing & Privacy Protection, We Are on the Way (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Fan
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Privacy Protection ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Personal Privacy ◽  
The Way

UNSTRUCTURED Smartphone-based contact tracing is proven to be effective in epidemic containment. To maintain its utilization meanwhile ensure the protection of personal privacy, different countries came up with different practices, new exploratory solutions may come into real-world practice soon as well.

Coding in Qualitative Research

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Yaghi
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Doctoral Dissertation ◽  
Sufficient Data ◽  
Trial And Error ◽  
Amount Of Information ◽  
Potential Problems

In this chapter, Yaghi offers detailed suggestions on how to code qualitative data after they have been gathered. Based on his doctoral dissertation, this chapter explains that the logic behind coding qualitative data is to turn a significant amount of information into categories that can be used to explain a phenomenon, reveal a concept, or render the data comparable across different case studies. It also elaborates through examples from author’s fieldwork in Tunisia, Egypt, and Jordan on four potential problems that may face researchers in coding qualitative data. These are the questions of preparation, categorization, consistency, and saturation. The chapter concludes by asking researchers to be flexible, and open to the process of trial and error in coding, to confront the data with questions before categorization, and to gather sufficient data on their topics before running their qualitative surveys.

Qualitative Approaches in Internet-Mediated Research: Opportunities, Issues, Possibilities

2020 ◽  
pp. 632-673
Author(s):  
Claire Hewson
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Viable Alternative ◽  
Design Practice ◽  
Good Design ◽  
Practical Advice ◽  
Research Opportunities ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
Research Domains

Internet-mediated research (IMR) has grown expansively since the start of the 21st Century in scope, range of methodological possibilities, and breadth of penetration across disciplines and research domains. However, the use of IMR approaches to support qualitative research has lagged behind its application in supporting quantitative methods. This chapter discusses the possibilities of using IMR methods in qualitative research and considers the issues and debates that have led some qualitative researchers to be reluctant to consider IMR as a viable alternative to traditional offline methods. The chapter adopts an optimistic stance on the potential for qualitative IMR and outlines a range of possible methods and strategies, as well as examples of successful (and less successful) studies. Practical advice on tools, procedures, and guidelines for good design practice is offered. A comment on likely future scope, methods, emerging techniques, and developments in qualitative IMR is presented.

Museum Studies

2020 ◽  
pp. 516-537
Author(s):  
Erica L. Tucker
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Museum Studies ◽  
Historic Sites ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Museum Visitors ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
Data Analyses

This chapter describes and discusses the major qualitative research methods used to study museums. These methods include analyses of visual displays and reconstructions; interviews with museum visitors, professionals, and stakeholders; as well as ethnographic fieldwork in museum settings. The chapter explores how these methods can be adapted to the study of exhibits, galleries, programs, and museums as knowledge-generating institutions from a range of case studies conducted by museum practitioners, anthropologists, historians, and other museum studies scholars at a variety of museums. Case studies are drawn from works that examine ethnographic, natural history, art and community museums as well as historic sites. Approaches to research design, data analyses, and writing up are also examined.

Legal Expertise: A Critical Resource for Trade Unionists? Insights into the Confédération Française Démocratique du Travail

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cécile Guillaume
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Collective Bargaining ◽  
Trade Union ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
Institutional Power ◽  
Collective Redress ◽  
Critical Resource ◽  
The Law ◽  
Legal Expertise

Abstract Based on in-depth qualitative research conducted in one of the major French trade unions (the CFDT), this article explores to what extent and under what conditions trade unions adopt different legal practices to further their members’ interests. In particular, it investigates how ‘legal framing’ has taken an increasingly pervasive place in trade union work, in increasingly decentralised industrial relations contexts, such as France. This article therefore argues that the use of the law has become a multifaceted and embedded repertoire of action for the CFDT in its attempt to consolidate its institutional power through various strategies, including collective redress and the use of legal expertise in collective bargaining and representation work.

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