Aspects related to the functional capacity of elderly institutionalized

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 692
Author(s):  
Rejane Marie Barbosa Davim ◽  
Vilani Medeiros de Araújo Nunes ◽  
Mylla Gabrielle Soares de Araújo ◽  
Richardson Augusto Rosendo da Silva ◽  
João Carlos Alchieri

ABSTRACTObjective: to analyze the degree of independence to carry out Activities of Daily Living (ADL) of elderly residents in long-stay institutions-LPI in Natal-RN city. Method: this is about a descriptive-exploratory study performed in charities, with sample of 60 elderly. Data were collected from August to October 2009. The instruments used were a form with demographic and socioeconomic issues and the ADL Katz’s Scale on the activities are fundamental to maintaining independence: the ability to feed themselves is consistent, getting around, bathing, dressing and using the bathroom. The study was approved by the Ethics and Research of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte/UFRN, in accordance with Resolution 196/96. Results: we found a higher frequency of older females compared to males respectively mean age and standard deviation of 79.0 ± 16.89 years and 78.8 ± 13.15 years. The ability to perform the ADL was identified that 58.3% of the elderly were dependent for most ADL demonstrated need for assistance and the execution of daily habits. Conclusion: we emphasize the high rate of disability in elderly subjects, suggesting the relevance of interventions on this aspect. It is important to work in an interdisciplinary team as a central strategy in search of comprehensive health care for the elderly. Descriptors: human aging; elderly; functional capacity. RESUMOObjetivo: analisar o grau de independência para a realização de Atividades da Vida Diária (AVDs) dos idosos residentes em instituições de longa permanência-ILPI, da cidade de Natal–RN. Método: estudo descritivo, exploratório, realizado em instituições filantrópicas, com uma população constituída de 60 idosos. Os dados foram coletados no período compreendido entre os meses de agosto a outubro de 2009. Como instrumentos foram utilizados um formulário com questões socioeconômicas e demográficas e a escala de AVDs de Katz sobre as atividades fundamentais à manutenção da independência: capacidade de alimentar-se, ter continência, locomover-se, banhar-se, vestir-se e utilizar o banheiro. A pesquisa foi autorizada pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte – UFRN, de acordo com resolução 196/96. Resultados: constatou-se maior frequência de idosos do sexo feminino em relação ao masculino respectivamente com idades médias e desvios padrões de 79,0 ±16,89 anos e 78,8 ±13,15 anos. Quanto à capacidade para realizar as AVDs foi identificado que 58,3% dos idosos eram dependentes para a maioria das AVDs demonstrando necessidade de auxilio quanto à execução de hábitos diários. Conclusão: ressalta-se o alto índice de incapacidade funcional dos idosos institucionalizados, o que sugere a relevância de intervenções sobre esse aspecto. Torna-se importante o trabalho em equipe interdisciplinar como estratégia central na busca da integralidade da atenção a saúde da pessoa idosa. Descritores: envelhecimento humano; idoso; capacidade funcional.RESUMENObjetivo: analizar el grado de independencia para realizar actividades de la Vida Diaria (ADL) de los ancianos residentes en estancias de larga duración instituciones-LPI, la ciudad de Natal-RN. Método: un estudio exploratorio descriptivo, realizado en obras de caridad, con una población de estudio consistió en una muestra de 60 ancianos. Los datos fueron recolectados en el período comprendido entre los meses de agosto a octubre de 2009. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron un formulario con cuestiones demográficas y socioeconómicas y la escala ADL de Katz para las actividades fundamentales para mantener la independencia: la capacidad de alimentarse por sí mismos, ser coherentes, moverse, bañarse, vestirse y usar el baño. El estudio fue aprobado por la Ética y de Investigación de la Universidad Federal de Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN, de conformidad con la Resolución 196/96. Resultados: se encontró una mayor frecuencia de mujeres mayores en comparación con los varones, respectivamente, la edad media y desviación estándar de 79,0 ± 16,89 años y 78,8 ± 13,15 años. La capacidad de realizar la ADL se identificó que el 58,3% de los ancianos dependen de la necesidad demostrada la mayoría de ADL para la asistencia y la ejecución de los hábitos cotidianos. Conclusiones: destacamos la elevada tasa de discapacidad en sujetos de edad avanzada, lo que sugiere la pertinencia de las intervenciones en este aspecto. Es importante trabajar en un equipo interdisciplinario como una estrategia central en la búsqueda de atención integral de salud para los ancianos. Descriptores: el envejecimiento humano; personas de edad avanzada; la capacidad funcional.

Author(s):  
Rubí Eliana Bermello Zamora ◽  
Yury Jordano Sanclemente Núñez ◽  
Ivón Howland Álvarez

  La insuficiencia cardiaca (IC) es un trastorno progresivo y letal que constituye la primera causa de ingreso hospitalario en las personas mayores de 65 años. Se ha demostrado la utilidad del NT-proBNP para su diagnóstico; sin embargo, los valores de estos marcadores difieren según las características de los pacientes y la severidad de la enfermedad. El objetivo de este estudio consistió en determinar la utilidad de la medición de NT-proBNP para diagnosticar el riesgo de padecer IC en adultos mayores. Se realizaron análisis de NT-proBNP, creatinina, urea, hemoglobina, glucosa y sodio en 47 muestras sanguíneas de pacientes de un centro gerontológico de Manabí en el periodo octubre a diciembre 2017. Se analizaron los valores y la posible asociación a otras enfermedades. Se compararon los valores de variables demográficas, analíticas y clínicas. Se analizaron las manifestaciones clínicas y antecedentes patológicos personales asociados al riesgo de IC. El valor NT-proBNP se asoció con la presencia de anemia, creatinina mayor de 2 mg/dL e hiponatremia. La edad media de los pacientes fue de 79 años, de predominio masculino, con comorbilidad asociada y cierto grado de dependencia, aunque la edad no fue un factor que influyó en la probabilidad de tener elevación en el valor plasmático de NT-proBNP y por lo tanto del riesgo latente de padecer o no IC. El valor de NT-proBNP mostró ser un analito complementario de gran importancia clínica para la evaluación y el cuidado integral de salud del anciano.   Palabras clave: NT-proBNP, insuficiencia cardiaca, adultos mayores.   Abstract Heart failure (HF) is a progressive and lethal disorder that constitutes the first cause of hospital admission in people over 65 years of age and represents just over 2% of national healthcare expenditure. The usefulness of NT-proBNP for its diagnosis has been demonstrated, however, the values of these markers differ according to the characteristics of the patients and the severity of the disease. The objective of this study is to determine the NT-proBNP usefullness to diagnose risk of HF in older adults. NT-proBNP, creatinine, urea, hemoglobin, glucose and sodium were analyzed in 47 blood samples of patients from the gerontological center from October to December 2017. The values and the possible association to other diseases were analyzed. The values of demographic, analytical and clinical variables were compared. The clinical manifestations and personal pathological background associated with the risk of HF were analyzed. The NT-proBNP value was associated with the presence of anemia, creatinine greater than 2 mg/dL and hyponatremia. The average age of the patients was 79 years, predominantly male, with associated comorbidity and a certain degree of dependence, although age was not a factor that influenced the probability of having an elevated plasma NT-proBNP value and therefore both of the latent risk of suffering or not IC. The value of NT-proBNP was shown to be a complementary analyte of great clinical importance for the evaluation and comprehensive health care of the elderly.   Keywords: NT-proBNP, heart failure, elderly.


2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e51421
Author(s):  
Roberta Dayanny Soares ◽  
Aíla Maropô Araújo

Population aging in Brazil increases on a large scale due to declining fertility and mortality. This phenomenon can be influenced by several factors (demographic, biological and social), making them determinants for the health conditions of the elderly populations residing in different geographic areas. The present study aims to identify the functional limitation in elderly residents of urban and rural areas of Brazil. This is a descriptive epidemiological study with a quantitative approach. It was evidenced that the functional limitation for activities of daily living   and instrumental activities of daily living are concentrated in the northeast region, mainly in the urban area. The following states presented the highest proportions of daily life activity limitation in urban areas: Alagoas (11.60%), Rio Grande do Norte (10.95%), Pernambuco (10.36%) and Paraíba (9.62%). For activities of daily living in the rural area were found in the states of Paraíba (12.19%), Maranhão (8.93%), Piauí (8.85%) and then Pernambuco (7.24%). Data from the functional limitation for instrumental activities of daily living again highlighted the Northeast region, with the states of Rio Grande do Norte (26.01%), Paraíba (25.96%), Maranhão (25.72%) and Alagoas (24.57%). Lastly, it was verified that the elderly woman exhibits greater proportions of functional limitation in relation to the elderly of the masculine sex, standing out again the northeastern region of the country.


2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 398-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
William César Gavasso ◽  
Vilma Beltrame

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the influence of chronic morbidities on the functional capacity of elderly persons living in the municipal region of Herval d’ Oeste, in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was carried out with a sample of 272 elderly people registered in the Family Health Strategy of the municipality of Herval d’ Oeste, Santa Catarina. A socio-demographic questionnaire, Katz’s Basic Activities of Daily Living Scale and Lawton’s Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale (IALD) were used as instruments to gather data. The socio-demographical variables were estimated in frequencies and percentages. The associations were analyzed through the chi-square test. Results: Significant statistical associations for dependence were only found in the IADL assessments. Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus were not found to influence the dependence of the elderly. However, a greater number of elderly persons who reported pathologies of the gastrointestinal system were classified as dependent. While the number of morbidities did not influence dependence in IADL, there was a smaller percentage difference between dependent and independent individuals among those with more than three morbidities. Conclusion: No relationship was found between the number of morbidities and the functional and instrumental capacity of the elderly. However, diseases of the gastrointestinal system demonstrated an influence on the dependence of elderly persons of Herval d'Oeste, Santa Catarina.


2010 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilson de Vasconcelos Torres ◽  
Luciana Araújo dos Reis ◽  
Luana Araújo dos Reis

OBJECTIVE: To assess the functional capacity and to determine the difference between the means of functional capacity (basic and instrumental activities of daily living) and the age groups of elderly residents in an outlying area in the hinterland of Bahia/Northeast of Brazil. METHOD: Analytical study with cross-sectional design and a sample of 150 elderly individuals enrolled in four Health Units in the municipality of Jequié, Bahia, Brazil. The instrument consisted of sociodemographic and health data, the Barthel Index and the Lawton scale. RESULTS: In all, 78.00% of the elderly were classified as dependent in the basic activities and 65.33% in the instrumental activities of daily living. Using the Kruskal-Wallis test, we found a statistically significant difference between the means of instrumental activities and the age groups (p=0.011). CONCLUSION: An elevated number of elderly were classified as dependent in terms of functional capacity and increased age is related to greater impairment in the execution of instrumental activities of daily living.


2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Gazolla de Macedo ◽  
Hanna Sette Câmara de Oliveira ◽  
Marielle Viotti de Paula ◽  
Gisele de Cássia Gomes ◽  
Carlos Maurício de Figueiredo Antunes

Abstract Introduction: Aging is associated with loss of muscle mass, immunosenescence and increased production of inflammatory mediators, high levels being predictors of a decline in functional capacity in the elderly. Objective: To assess the association between inflammatory mediators, interleukin 6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) and functional capacity in the elderly. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 308 community-dwelling elderly. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee, under protocol number 067/2010. Grip strength (GS) was measured using a JAMAR® dynamometer and functional capacity by the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test. Blood tests were performed and serum levels of C-reactive protein and interleukin 6 assessed. Spearman’s coefficient was applied to analyze the correlation between variables and the Mann-Whitney for intergroup comparison. Significance was set at 0.05. Results: There was no significant correlation between GS, the TUG and inflammatory mediators (CRP and IL-6). However, by adjusting for variables such as age, sex and muscle mass, a significant and inverse correlation (p = 0.023) was observed between GS and CPR. Conclusion: Elderly subjects with low C-reactive protein levels performed better in the grip strength test. It is important to investigate the adverse effects on functional capacity that can be influenced by inflammatory cytokines in the elderly during aging.


2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Castagna ◽  
Davide Bolignano ◽  
Irma Figlia ◽  
Rosa Paola Cerra ◽  
Carmen Ruberto ◽  
...  

Abstract Background and Aims Renal function impairment is highly pervasive in the elderly and triggers increased morbidity and mortality. Comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) is a validated multidisciplinary instrument to assess medical, psychosocial and functional limitations of old patients with diagnostic and risk-stratification purposes. In a focused cohort of frail individuals, we aimed at evaluating possible relationships between single CGA items and renal function. Method 254 consecutive elderly subjects (mean age 79.9±6.6 years, female 65.8%) from the geriatric division of a large Italian community hospital were studied. We collected clinical data including CGA and renal function (CKD-EPI formula). CGA single items included the Cumulative Illness Rating Scale (CIRS), the Exton Smith Scale (ESS), the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF), the Katz‘s Activities of Daily Living (ADL), the Lawton’s Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL), the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire (SPMSQ) and the amount of drugs administered (AD). Results Mean eGFR was 66.37±30.94 mL/min/1.73 m2. Overall, the reported CIRS, ESS, MNA, ADL and AD scores were low (7.6±3.3) while IADL and SPMQ were on a mild range, denoting a potential alarm signal for poor prognosis and the risk for adverse outcomes. At univariate analyses, eGFR was significantly associated with CIRS (R=-0.389, p<0.0001), ESS (R=0.355, p<0.0001), MNA (R=0.394, p<0.0001), ADL (R=0.394, p<0.0001), AD (R=-0.374, p<0.0001. while a weak, although significant correlation was found with IADL (R=0.131, p=0.038) and SPMSQ (R=-0.141, p=0.038). In a fully adjusted multivariate analyses only SPMSQ (ß=-0.174, p=0.04), ADL (ß=0.182, p=0.012), IADL (ß =0.209, p=0.003) and AD (ß=-0.354, p<0.0001) remained significant predictors of residual renal function. Conclusion In elderly frail subjects, residual renal function may influence daily life and cognitive activities, the perceived quality of living and the entity of drug assumption. Inclusion of renal function within a comprehensive geriatric assessment could help improving risk stratification in the elderly


2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anamélia Oliveira ◽  
Paulo Nossa ◽  
Anabela Mota-Pinto

Introduction: The aim of this study is to assess functional capacity and determine the factors associated with functional decline in the elderly in adult day care centres and home care support in the County of Coimbra, Portugal.Material and Methods: Cross-sectional study. A total of 115 participants of both genders, aged between 65 and 98, were enrolled in the home care support and adult day care system of the County of Coimbra, Portugal. Functional capacity was assessed using the Barthel index and the Lawton index. Another questionnaire gathered social, demographic and health status information.Results: The basic activities of daily living were significantly associated with age, cohabitation, medication usage, falls and multiple morbidity. Analysis of the study’s variables and the instrumental activities of daily living found significant associations between age, institutional affiliation, perceived health status, hospitalizations, medication usage, physical exercise, multiple morbidities, falls, and fall prevention.Discussion: The results demonstrate that no statistically observable differences were found between gender and functional dependence. A significant association between the Barthel index and cohabitation was also found. We should also highlight that this sample revealed the extremely important role of families in determining the protection of highly dependent older people. Likewise, a significant association was observed between instrumental activities of daily living and levels of physical activity in which greater independence was found in those seniors who practiced physical exercise three or more times per week.Conclusion: The results of this study allow us to identify factors that may be associated with the functional decline in the elderly. Useful evidence for the adoption of intervention strategies in the elderly population was added, focused on the prevention of functional decline and maintenance of the functional capacities of the elderly.


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