The Ethical Dilemmas Experienced by Nurses: an Approach from the Philosophy of Max Scheler

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1246
Author(s):  
Marlise Silva Barros ◽  
Rose Mary Costa Rosa Andrade Silva ◽  
Eliane Ramos Pereira ◽  
Marcos Andrade Silva

Objective: this study intends reflect philosophically about the ethical dilemmas experienced by nurses from the Intensive Care Center at University Hospital Antonio Pedro, from the Theory of Value of Max Scheler. Methods: this is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach. The population shall be defined by the technique of saturation, consisting of nurses of the sector, to be interviewed after the signing of the Free Informed Consent forms, if they wish participate spontaneously in the study. The information will be transcribed, categorized in order of significance and analyzed from the theoretical framework of Max Scheler who looks on the objectivity of values and the process of seizure of emotional character. The project has received approval from the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine / University Hospital Antonio Pedro. Expected results: through the analysis of data, based on theoretical referential, the study intends to contribute to the decision making process of nurses, in front of the possible ethical dilemmas experienced with regard to practical work and, moreover, with the quality of care provided by nurses in the Intensive Care Center. Descriptors: ethics; bioethics; philosophy nursing; intensive care units.

2021 ◽  
pp. bmjspcare-2021-002946
Author(s):  
Laura Thery ◽  
Pauline Vaflard ◽  
Perrine Vuagnat ◽  
Ophélie Soulie ◽  
Sylvie Dolbeault ◽  
...  

ObjectivesIn managing patients with cancer in the COVID-19 era, clinical oncologists and palliative care practitioners had to face new, disrupting and complex medical situations, challenging the quality of the shared decision-making process. During the first lockdown in France, we developed an onco-palliative ethics meeting to enhance the quality of the decision-making process for patients with advanced cancer treated for COVID-19.MethodsA least one of the institutional ethics committee members was present along with oncologists, palliative care teams, psycho-oncologists, radiologists and intensive care specialists. Specific medical parameters were systematically collected to form a standardised framework for the discussions.ResultsThe main raised issues were the definition of new criteria for the implementation of invasive resuscitation techniques, optimal ways to adapt or delay anticancer treatment and best procedures to address terminal respiratory failure and end-of-life care. The main clinical and ethical guidelines that emerged during these debates are presented. The palliative care team played a major role in assessing and reporting patients’ awareness of cancer-related prognosis and their wishes concerning invasive therapies or transfer to intensive care units, enabling an individualised benefit–risk balance assessment. The ethics committee members ensured continuous monitoring during the discussions. Their function was to recall the main ethical principles including dignity, which is conferred on people when there are treated as having equal status.ConclusionsThe onco-palliative ethics meeting provided a powerful avenue for improvement of collegiality and reinforcement of teamwork, which could be a major protection against burnout for healthcare professionals facing an epidemic onslaught.


2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 547-556
Author(s):  
Marina Aparecida da Silva MORENO ◽  
Lucíola Sant’Anna de CASTRO ◽  
Ana Cristina Freitas de Vilhena ABRÃO ◽  
Kelly Pereira COCA

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the quality of raw human milk distributed in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a University Hospital of the city of São Paulo. Methods A cross-sectional study with raw human milk samples from mothers who attended the Human Milk Collection Station of a University Hospital, analyzed between May 2016 and January 2017, excluding mothers of twins. The quality of the raw human milk was assessed by verifying the presence of dirt, the coloration of the milk, the titratable acidity using the Dornic method, and through its energy content. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests were used for the analysis of the energy profile and the degree of Dornic acidity, according to the stage of the raw human milk and the gestational age of the child. Results The study was composed of 40 samples of 40 different women, with a mean age of 27 years, an average of 11.8 years of education, most of them were multiparous and with a partner. Regarding milk analysis, 55.0% was classified as colostrum, 27.5% as mature milk and 17.5% as transitional milk. All samples presented negative results for dirt and normal coloration. The mean milk acidity was 3.24º Dornic and most of the samples were classified as hypercaloric energy content. There was no association between the lactation stage and gestational age with the acidity value and energy content. Conclusion The quality of raw human milk distributed in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the institution evaluated was considered adequate and the samples analyzed had a high energy content and excellent Dornic acidity.


2006 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 1045-1051 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maité Garrouste-Orgeas ◽  
Jean-François Timsit ◽  
Luc Montuclard ◽  
Alain Colvez ◽  
Olivier Gattolliat ◽  
...  

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 1849
Author(s):  
Josiane Celis Almeida ◽  
Micheli Ferreira de Vilhena ◽  
Rosimar Aparecida Pereira ◽  
Sonia Maria Alves de Paiva ◽  
Cristiane Aparecida Silveira

ABSTRACTObjective: to identify if the institution, the field of study, develops the humanization program; the team’s knowledge about this subject and, what they consider important in a humanization program.  Method: this is a qualitative study performed at the adult intensive care center of a philanthropic hospital in Southern Minas Gerais-MG. The population was comprised by the nursing team. Interviews were performed using guiding questions. Data analysis was performed according to Bardin. The project was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais (0005.0.213.000-09). Results: this qualitative study was developed at the adult intensive care center of a philanthropic hospital in Southern Minas Gerais. The population was comprised by the nursing team. Interviews were performed using guiding questions. Data analysis was performed according to Bardin.  Conclusion: it was observed there is a need for occupational nurses in the nursing team. Descriptors: caregivers. nursing. humanization of hospital care. intensive care units.RESUMOObjetivos: identificar se a instituição, campo da pesquisa, desenvolve o programa de humanização; o conhecimento da equipe sobre essa temática; e o que consideram relevante num programa de humanização. Metodologia: trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, desenvolvido no centro de terapia intensiva de adultos, numa instituição filantrópica do sul de Minas Gerais. A população constituiu-se da equipe de enfermagem e utilizou-se entrevistas com questões norteadoras. Procedeu-se a análise dos dados segundo Bardin. El proyecto fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética de la Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais (0005.0.213.000-09). Resultados: constatou-se que a maioria não tinha conhecimento da existência do Programa na instituição. Na opinião desses profissionais, é necessário desenvolver a educação permanente como forma de melhorar as competências técnicas e interpessoais,  além do reconhecimento profissional. Conclusão: apontou-se para a importância do enfermeiro do trabalho na equipe de enfermagem. Descritores: cuidador; enfermagem; humanização; unidade de terapia intensiva.RESUMENObjetivos: identificar si la institución, campo de la investigación, desarrolla el programa de humanización; el conocimiento del equipo sobre dicha temática y lo que consideran relevante en un programa de humanización. Metodos: se trata de un estudio cualitativo, desarrollado en el centro de terapia intensiva de adultos de una institución filantrópica del sur de Minas Gerais, Brasil. La población se constituyó del equipo de enfermería y fueron utilizadas entrevistas con preguntas orientadoras. Se procedió al análisis de los datos según Bardin. Resultados: se constató que la mayoría no tenía conocimiento de la existencia del Programa en la institución y, en la opinión de ellos, sería necesario desarrollar la educación permanente como forma de mejorar las competencias técnicas e interpersonales, y el reconocimiento profesional. Conclusión: se destacó la necesidad del enfermero del trabajo en equipo de enfermería. Descriptores: cuidadores; enfermería; humanización de la atención; unidades de terapia intensiva.


2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugenio Fuentez Peres Junior ◽  
Elias Barbosa de Oliveira

A incorporação de tecnologias duras pela equipe enfermagem em terapia é imprescindível em termos gerenciais,de controle, de vigilância e de cuidados prestados aos pacientes, necessitando, portanto, de suporte organizacionalpara a realização de um trabalho livre de riscos. Objetivos: Analisar a percepção dos trabalhadores de enfermagemsobre a incorporação das tecnologias duras ao trabalho em terapia intensiva e as implicações para a saúde dogrupo. Método: Qualitativo descritivo, tendo como campo uma unidade de tratamento intensivo de um hospitaluniversitário situado no município do Rio de Janeiro (Brasil). Utilizou-se a técnica de entrevista semiestruturada com25 trabalhadores de enfermagem em 2011. Aplicada a análise de conteúdo aos depoimentos. Resultados: Na visãodos trabalhadores a tecnologia dura é essencial na assistência ao paciente crítico por possibilitar maior controledo quadro clínico, prevenir complicações e facilitar o trabalho da equipe. Fatores como a ausência de manutençãopreventiva dos aparelhos acarretam estresse ocupacional devido à possibilidade de erros e efeitos adversos aopaciente. Conclusões: Há necessidade de gerenciamento do risco hospitalar com vistas a qualidade do cuidadooferecido, a segurança, o bem-estar e a satisfação da equipe.Palavras-chave: Enfermagem; Unidades de terapia intensiva; Riscos ocupacionais; Saúde do trabalhador. ABSTRACTThe incorporation of hard technologies by the nursing staff is imperative in terms of management, control,supervision and care to patients requiring, organizational support for conducting work free of risks. Objectives:Aimed both in this study was to analyze the perception about the incorporation of hard technologies by thenursing staff in the intensive care unit and to examine the repercussions to the health of that group. Method: Thequalitative descriptive method was applied at a intensive care unit in a university hospital in the municipalityof Niterói (Brazil). Semi-structured interviews of 25 nursing workers were conducted in 2011. Apply the contentanalysis to speaking. Results: Nursing workers view hard technology as essential to critical patient care by virtueof its affording greater control of their clinical condition, preventing complications and facilitating the nursingteam’s work. Factors such as lack of preventive maintenance of apparatus, result in occupational stress due to thepossibility of errors and adverse effects on patients. Conclusions: It was concluded that hospital risk managementis needed to safeguard quality of care, safety, wellbeing and team satisfaction.Keywords: Nursing; Intensive care units; Occupational risks; Workers’ health.


Author(s):  
Oscar A. Fernández-García ◽  
María F. González-Lara ◽  
Marco Villanueva-Reza ◽  
Nereyda de-León-Cividanes ◽  
Luis F. Xancal-Salvador ◽  
...  

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has resulted in a surge of critically ill patients. Hospitals have had to adapt to the demand by repurposing areas as intensive care units. This has resulted in high workload and disruption of usual hospital workflows. Surge capacity guidelines and pandemic response plans do not contemplate how to limit collateral damage from issues like hospital-acquired infections. It is vital to ensure quality of care in surge scenarios.


2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walkíria Gomes da Nóbrega ◽  
Gabriela de Sousa Martins Melo ◽  
Isabelle Katherinne Fernandes Costa ◽  
Daniele Vieira Dantas ◽  
Eurides Araújo Bezerra de Macêdo ◽  
...  

ABSTRACTObjective: to verify changes in the quality of life (QL) of clinic patients with venous ulcers (VU) in the clinic of a University Hospital in Natal city/RN, Northeast of Brazil. Method: this is about a cross-sectional, descriptive study, from quantitative approach, conducted with 50 patients with VU treated at the vascular clinic of a university hospital in Natal / RN. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the UFRN (No. 279/09). Data collection was performed in two months by implementing means of a structured form concerning data of socio-demographic, health, clinical and care of the patient. The data were categorized in the Microsoft Excel and processed by SPSS 15.0 by descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: the respondents have experienced discrimination of society, showed changes in quality of life after the occurrence of ulcer in relation to leisure and pain; social restriction; education and transportation; employment restrictions, financial and social progression; physical appearance and discrimination; restriction of home activity. By comparing these changes with the time of injury, it was observed that the time of injury influences the change in QL (ρ = 0.000). Conclusion: Identified that several socio-demographic factors, clinical and care are influenced by UV, reflecting on the QL of patients. Thus, denoting that the more chronic the injury is more negative changes occur in their QL. Descriptors: quality of life; venous ulcers; nursing.RESUMOObjetivo: verificar as alterações na qualidade de vida (QV) de portadores de úlcera venosa (UV) atendidos no ambulatório de um Hospital Universitário em Natal/RN. Método: estudo transversal, descritivo, quantitativo, realizado com 50 portadores de UV atendidos no ambulatório de angiologia de um hospital universitário em Natal/RN. Obteve parecer favorável do Comitê de Ética da UFRN (nº 279/09). A coleta de dados foi realizada em dois meses, através da aplicação de formulário estruturado contendo dados sócio-demográficas, de saúde, clínicas e assistenciais do paciente. Os dados foram categorizados no Microsoft Excel e processados no SPSS 15.0 através de estatística descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: os pesquisados sofreram discriminação da sociedade, apresentaram mudanças na qualidade de vida após o surgimento da úlcera em relação ao lazer e dor; restrição social, escolar e de locomoção; restrição laboral, financeira e de progressão social; aparência física e discriminação; restrição de atividade doméstica. Ao comparar essas mudanças com o tempo de lesão, observou-se que o este influencia na mudança da QV (ρ=0,000). Conclusão: identificou-se que diversos fatores sócio-demográficos, clínicos e assistenciais sofrem influência da UV, refletindo na QV dos pacientes. Dessa forma, denota-se que quanto mais crônica for a lesão mais mudanças negativas ocorrerão em sua QV. Descritores: qualidade de vida; úlcera venosa; enfermagem.RESUMENObjetivo: verificar cambios en la calidad de vida de los pacientes con úlcera venosa (UV) el un ambulatorio de un hospital universitario en Natal/RN. Método: estudio transversal, descriptivo, con enfoque cuantitativo, realizado con 50 pacientes portadores de UV atendidos en el sector de angiología en un hospital universitario en Natal/RN. Fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética de la UFRN (N º 279/09). La colección de datos se realizó en dos meses mediante la aplicación de un formulario estructurado sobre datos socio-demográficos, de salud, atención clínica y del paciente. Los datos fueron categorizados en Microsoft Excel y procesados utilizando el paquete estadístico SPSS 15.0 por estadística descriptiva y inferencial. Resultados: los encuestados sufren discriminación de la sociedad, revelando cambios en la calidad de vida después de la aparición de la úlcera en relación con el ocio y dolor; restricción social, escuela,  locomoción; restricción de empleo, financiera y progresión social; apariencia física; discriminación y la restricción de las tareas domésticas. Al comparar estos cambios con el tiempo de la lesión, se observó que el momento de la lesión influye en el cambio de la calidad de vida (ρ = 0,000). Conclusión: se identificaron que varios factores socio-demográficos, clínicos y de la asistencia que están influenciados por las úlceras venosas, que reflejan la calidad de vida de los pacientes. Así, cuanto más crónico es la lesión más modificaciones negativas se producen en la calidad de vida. Descriptores: calidad de vida; úlceras venosas; enfermería. 


2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Menon ◽  
Andrea Pereira Martins ◽  
Ana Maria Dyniewicz

Objective: to identify the lighting conditions, noise and types of professional touch to babies at a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Methods: it was carried out in a 30-bed unit of a university hospital between June and December of 2005. Data were collected by means of non-participant observation through notes in each one of the five unit rooms adding up to 57 hours of observation, which were transcribed, tabulated and analyzed. This study has been approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty Evangélica of Paraná (2895/05). Results: loud talk was pointed out in the noise category. Regarding lighting, incubators were covered with a dark field. As for the kinds of touch, instrumental-affective one stood out. Conclusion: from the collected data, it is possible to enhance babies’ comfort conditions by means of educational actions with professionals, specially driven to the awareness that humanized care is a behavior which needs to be incorporated to daily actions. Descriptors: nursing; therapeutic touch; intensive care units, neonatal.


2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Bruna Franciele Siqueira ◽  
Cleci Schmidt Rosanelli ◽  
Eniva Miladi Fernandes Stumm ◽  
Marli Maria Loro ◽  
Solange Maria Schmidt Piovesan ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT Objectives: to know the nurses’ understanding regards to sepsis; to identify the triggering factors in the viewpoint of nurses and the nursing precautions implemented to the patient to avoid it. Methodology: this is about a descriptive study, from qualitative approach. The sample is comprised by six nurses that work or worked in intensive care units. The information was obtained through semi-structured interviews and analyzed by following the method of analysis. The project was approved by the Ethics Committee in Research of Unijuí (119/2010). Results: from the content analysis it was possible to group the content by a convergence of ideas emerging category which covers the concept, precipitating factors and interventions to sepsis from the viewpoint of nurses. Conclusions: the researched people have sufficient understanding in relation to the subject of analysis, seeing that it is for them to know how to properly take care of the patient to avoid a rise in cases of sepsis that are directly related to quality of care. Descriptors: sepsis; nursing; intensive care unit; nosocomial infection; patient-centered care.RESUMOObjetivos: conhecer o entendimento de enfermeiros em relação à sepse; identificar quais os fatores desencadeadores, na ótica dos enfermeiros e os cuidados de enfermagem implementados ao paciente para evitá-la. Metodologia: pesquisa qualitativa descritiva. A amostra foi composta por seis enfermeiras, que atuam ou atuaram em unidades de terapia intensiva. As informações foram obtidas por meio de entrevistas semi-estruturadas e analisadas seguindo o método de análise de conteúdo de Bardin. O projeto obteve aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Unijuí (119/2010). Resultados: a partir da análise do conteúdo foi possível agrupar o conteúdo por convergência de idéias emergindo uma categoria a qual aborda conceito, fatores desencadeadores e intervenções à sepse sob a ótica de enfermeiros. Conclusões: os pesquisados possuem entendimento em relação ao tema de análise, visto que cabe aos mesmos saberem cuidar adequadamente do paciente para evitar o aumento dos casos de sepse que estão diretamente relacionados à qualidade da assistência. Descritores: sepse; enfermagem; unidade de terapia intensiva; infecção hospitalar; assistência centrada no paciente.RESUMEN Objetivos: conocer la comprensión de los enfermeros en relación a la sepsis, identificar los factores desencadenantes en el punto de vista de los enfermeros y la atención de enfermería aplicado al paciente para evitarla. Metodología: Estudio cualitativo descriptivo. La muestra está compuesta por seis enfermeras que trabajan o trabajaban en unidades de cuidados intensivos. La información se obtuvo a través de entrevistas semi-estructuradas y analizadas siguiendo  el método de análisis de contenido. El proyecto fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética en Investigación de Unijuí (119/2010). Resultados: a partir del análisis de contenido es posible agrupar los contenidos por una convergencia de ideas emergentes categoría que abarca el concepto, factores desencadenantes y las intervenciones para la sepsis desde el punto de vista de las enfermeras. Conclusiones: los encuestados tienen un conocimiento adecuado en relación con el tema de análisis, ya que es para que sepan cuidar adecuadamente a lo paciente para evitar el aumento de casos de sepsis que están directamente relacionados con la calidad de la atención. Descriptores: sepsis; enfermería; unidad de cuidados intensivos; infección nosocomial; atención centrada en el paciente. 


2020 ◽  
pp. 088506662094917
Author(s):  
Christine H. Meyer-Frießem ◽  
Nathalie M. Malewicz ◽  
Sabrina Rath ◽  
Melanie Ebel ◽  
Miriam Kaisler ◽  
...  

Purpose: Intensive care unit-acquired weakness (ICUAW) can manifest as muscle weakness or neuropathy-like symptoms, with diagnosis remaining a challenge. Uncertainties surround the long-term cause and sequelae. Therefore, the purpose was to assess incidence, time course and long-term influence on quality of life (QoL) of symptoms in ICU survivors Methods: After ethical approval and registration ( www.drks.de : DRKS00011593), in a single-center cohort study all patients admitted to the ICU in 2007–2017 in a German university hospital were screened. Out of 1,860 patients (≥7d ICU care including ventilation support for ≥72 h, at least 6mo-10y after ICU) 636 were deceased, 912 survivors were contacted. Results: 149 former patients (age: 63.5 ± 13.1y; males: 73%; duration in ICU: 20.8 ± 15.7d; duration of ventilation: 16.5 ± 13.7 h; time post-ICU: 4.4 ± 2.7y, 5-10y: 43%) consented to be interviewed concerning occurrence, duration, recovery and consequences of ICUAW-associated muscle weakness or neuropathy-like symptoms after ICU. In 75% at least 1 persistent or previous symmetrical symptom was reported (myopathy-like muscle weakness: 43%; neuropathy-like symptoms: 13%; both: 44%) and rated as incidence of ICUAW. However, only 18% of participants had received an ICUAW diagnosis by their physicians, although 62% had persistent symptoms up to 10y after ICU (5-10y: 46%). Only 37% of participants reported a complete recovery of symptoms, significantly associated with an initially low number of symptoms after ICU ( p < 0.0001), myopathy-like symptoms ( p = 0.024), and younger age at the time of ICU admission (55.7 ± 13.1 vs. 62.6 ± 10.6y, p < 0.001). ICUAW still impaired the QoL at the time of the interview in 74% of affected survivors, with 30% reporting severe impairment. Conclusion: ICUAW symptoms were disturbingly common in the majority of long-term survivors, indicating that symptoms persist up to 10y and frequently impair QoL. However, only a small number of patients had been diagnosed with ICUAW. Trial registry: Deutsches Register Klinischer Studien (DRKS), https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00011593 , registration number: DRKS00011593.


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