scholarly journals Digital Applications in Endodontics

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (SI-2) ◽  
pp. 168-174
Author(s):  
Cangül KESKİN ◽  
Ali KELEŞ
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Digital Dentistry ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Training And Research ◽  
Student Training ◽  
Computer Controlled ◽  
Aided Diagnosis

The aim of this review was to provide an overview of the applications of digital dentistry technologies in endodontics, such as digital two-dimensional (2-D) and three-dimensional (3-D) imaging techniques, computer aided diagnosis (CAD) and improvement of artificial intelligence (AI) models, computer-controlled access cavity designs and 3-D printing applications. Advantages and disadvantages of these newly introduced technologies were discussed briefly with their indications. Apart from therapeutical or rehabilitative procedures, the use of digital technologies adapted for student training and research simulations were also presented.

scholarly journals Summer Research Placements – State-of-the-Art Science by pre-University Students

MRS Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (56) ◽  
pp. 3715-3720 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Sporea ◽  
S. Lygo-Baker
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Group Learning ◽  
Student Interaction ◽  
Research Tool ◽  
Skills Acquisition ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Effective Training ◽  
Training And Research ◽  
Student Training

ABSTRACTSummer research placements are an effective training and research tool. Over three years, our group has hosted nine pre-university students over periods of four to six weeks. Apart from student training and skills acquisition, the placements have produced several peer-reviewed technical publications. Our approach relies on careful pre-planning of activities, frequent student interaction, coupled with independent and group learning. We explore the advantages and disadvantages of this manner of running summer placements.

General principles of echocardiography

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madalina Garbi ◽  
Jan D’hooge ◽  
Evgeny Shkolnik
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Image Interpretation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Post Processing ◽  
Ultrasound Waves ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Biologic Effects ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
And Function

Echocardiography uses ultrasound waves to generate images of cardiovascular structures and to display information regarding the blood flow through these structures. Knowledge of basic ultrasound principles and current technology is essential for image interpretation and for optimal use of equipment during image acquisition and post-processing. This chapter starts by presenting the physics of ultrasound and the construction and function of instruments. Image formation, optimization, display, presentation, storage, and communication are explained. Advantages and disadvantages of available imaging modes (M-mode, two-dimensional, and three-dimensional) are detailed and imaging artefacts are illustrated. The potential biologic effects of ultrasound and the need for quality assurance are discussed.

scholarly journals Automated Quantification of Pneumothorax in CT

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Synho Do ◽  
Kristen Salvaggio ◽  
Supriya Gupta ◽  
Mannudeep Kalra ◽  
Nabeel U. Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Processing Time ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Algorithm Performance ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Automated Quantification ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
Aided Diagnosis

An automated, computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) algorithm for the quantification of pneumothoraces from Multidetector Computed Tomography (MDCT) images has been developed. Algorithm performance was evaluated through comparison to manual segmentation by expert radiologists. A combination of two-dimensional and three-dimensional processing techniques was incorporated to reduce required processing time by two-thirds (as compared to similar techniques). Volumetric measurements on relative pneumothorax size were obtained and the overall performance of the automated method shows an average error of just below 1%.

scholarly journals DIGITIZING METHODS IN REGENERATION OF MASONRY CASTLES / SKAITMENINIMO METODAI MŪRINIŲ PILIŲ REGENERACIJOJE

10.3846/534 ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 296-301
Author(s):  
Inga Genytė
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Heritage Conservation ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Architectural Heritage ◽  
Authentic Material ◽  
The Future ◽  
Foreign Materials

In monitoring, preservation and regeneration of masonry architectural heritage modern digital technologies increase performance speed and quality. In rehabilitation of masonry castles an important role is played by the digital technologies, such as laser scanning, photogrammetry, photography, two-dimensional design (2D) and three-dimensional design (3D). Fairly accurate view of the future and perceived space, restored interior and exterior details is created with the help of some or all of these technologies. Formation of the restored castle’s vision is also influenced by its urban environment, preserved authentic material and even modern heritage conservation theory. This article provides an overview of digitization techniques and their variations based on approved foreign materials and practices used in the process of masonry castles regeneration. Santrauka Siekiant išsaugoti, stebint ir regeneruojant mūrinės architektūros paveldą šiuolaikinių skaitmeninių technologijų naudojimas padidina veiklos spartą ir kokybę. Atgaivinant mūrines pilis svarbų vaidmenį atlieka skaitmeninės technologijos: lazerinis skenavimas, fotogrametrija, fotografija, dvimatis projektavimas (2D), trimatis projektavimas (3D). Pasitelkus keletą ar visas šias technologijas gana tiksliai sukuriamas būsimas vaizdas ir suvokiama erdvė, atkuriamos interjerų bei eksterjerų detalės. Atkuriamai pilies vizijai suformuoti turi įtakos urbanistinė aplinka, išlikusi autentiška medžiaga, šiuolaikinė paveldosaugos teorija. Šiame straipsnyje apžvelgiami mūro pilių regeneracijos procese naudotini skaitmeninimo metodai bei jų variacijos remiantis užsienyje aprobuota medžiaga ir praktika.

scholarly journals Software in the Architectural Presentation And Design Of Buildings: State-Of-The-Art

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 2723-2729
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Software Packages ◽  
Ultimate Result ◽  
Technical Specifications ◽  
Design Software ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
Level 2

Since in the recent years the architecture software have completely changed the work of architects, today, the architects begin to use software to achieve every kind of design that they are working for from the very beginning until the end. As presented in this paper, the choice of architectural software depends on the specific needs of the designs ranging from two-dimensional design to three-dimensional or BIM technologies. Since some architects prefer to use different software specific for the design that they are working on and they combine the results to produce the intended ultimate result, while some prefer only one software for the entire work, in this paper, it has been attempted to cover both cases.The main aim of this paper is to introduce the most used architectural and building design software from two-dimensional to BIM technologies to cover the needs of architects in the presentation and design of buildings. Twelve architectural and building design software were selected and classified depending on the purpose of their application. The selected software have been analyzed according to the BIM levels, and most commonly used software in every BIM level and their advantages and disadvantages are presented. Two software from BIM level 0, three software from BIM level 1, and four software from BIM level 2, together with 3 software for the design of buildings, a total of twelve software have been selected and technically described by giving the technical specifications, characteristics, application domains, limitation, technical popularity and capabilities that can be a complete guideline for architects and building designers to choose the suitable software to be applied in architectural and building design professions. Finally for the architectural presentation the software of BIM level 0 (AutoCAD LT and DraftSight), BIM level 1 (AutoCAD Architecture, Chief Architect and TurboCAD), BIM level 2 (ArchiCAD, Revit, Vectorworks Architect and Allplan Architecture), and for the buildings design the CSI software packages (SAP 2000, ETABS and SAFE) and STAAD.PRO software are recommended to be employed.

scholarly journals Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Single Particle Tracking of Upconverting Nanoparticles in Living Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyujin Shin ◽  
Yo Song ◽  
Yeongchang Goh ◽  
Kang Lee
Keyword(s):  
Particle Tracking ◽  
Single Particle ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Single Particle Tracking ◽  
Infrared Light ◽  
Objective Lens ◽  
Two Dimensional

Lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) are inorganic nanomaterials in which the lanthanide cations embedded in the host matrix can convert incident near-infrared light to visible or ultraviolet light. These particles are often used for long-term and real-time imaging because they are extremely stable even when subjected to continuous irradiation for a long time. It is now possible to image their movement at the single particle level with a scale of a few nanometers and track their trajectories as a function of time with a scale of a few microseconds. Such UCNP-based single-particle tracking (SPT) technology provides information about the intracellular structures and dynamics in living cells. Thus far, most imaging techniques have been built on fluorescence microscopic techniques (epifluorescence, total internal reflection, etc.). However, two-dimensional (2D) images obtained using these techniques are limited in only being able to visualize those on the focal planes of the objective lens. On the contrary, if three-dimensional (3D) structures and dynamics are known, deeper insights into the biology of the thick cells and tissues can be obtained. In this review, we introduce the status of the fluorescence imaging techniques, discuss the mathematical description of SPT, and outline the past few studies using UCNPs as imaging probes or biologically functionalized carriers.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional ultrasound scanning

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 503-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Fenster ◽  
Grace Parraga ◽  
Jeff Bax
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Atherosclerosis ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Imaging Systems ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Effective Technique ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cost Effective Technique ◽  
Three Dimensional Images

The past two decades have witnessed developments of new imaging techniques that provide three-dimensional images about the interior of the human body in a manner never before available. Ultrasound (US) imaging is an important cost-effective technique used routinely in the management of a number of diseases. However, two-dimensional viewing of three-dimensional anatomy, using conventional two-dimensional US, limits our ability to quantify and visualize the anatomy and guide therapy, because multiple two-dimensional images must be integrated mentally. This practice is inefficient, and may lead to variability and incorrect diagnoses. Investigators and companies have addressed these limitations by developing three-dimensional US techniques. Thus, in this paper, we review the various techniques that are in current use in three-dimensional US imaging systems, with a particular emphasis placed on the geometric accuracy of the generation of three-dimensional images. The principles involved in three-dimensional US imaging are then illustrated with a diagnostic and an interventional application: (i) three-dimensional carotid US imaging for quantification and monitoring of carotid atherosclerosis and (ii) three-dimensional US-guided prostate biopsy.

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