Esbozo sobre el método de las Ciencias Sociales, con especial referencia a la economía. Una aproximación desde la doctrina de la Escuela Austriaca

2021 ◽  
pp. 143-195
Author(s):  
Sagar Hernández Chuliá
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Human Action ◽  
Specific Form ◽  
Human Sciences ◽  
Jel Codes ◽  
Ideal Types ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World

In this article we justify epistemologically the methods of social scien-ce based on certain contributions from the austrian school of economics (but not only). To do this, we start from the knowledge of agents in the world of everyday life, we differentiate between it and the scientific knowledge, we distinguish the fields of the physical and natural sciences and of human scien-ces, we argue that the social sciences should be considered as a specific form of human sciences and we define economics as a science of human action that takes place in the presence of significant monetary prices for agents. In addi-tion, we define the fields of economic theory, based on the conception method and operated through imaginary constructions, and economic history, which uses the understanding method and ideal types. Keywords: gnoseology, epistemology, methodology, social sciences, econo-mics. JEL Codes: B40 B41 B53 Resumen: En este artículo pretendemos fundamentar epistemológicamente los métodos propios de las ciencias sociales basándonos en ciertas aportaciones procedentes de la escuela austriaca de economía (aunque no sólo). Para ello, partimos del conocimiento de los agentes en el mundo de la vida cotidiana, diferenciamos entre éste y el conocimiento científico, distinguimos los campos de investigación propios de las ciencias físico-naturales y de las ciencias huma-nas, defendemos que las ciencias sociales deben ser consideradas como una forma específica de las ciencias humanas y definimos la economía como una ciencia que estudia la acción humana que se desarrolla en presencia de pre-cios monetarios significativos para los agentes. Además, delimitamos los cam-pos de la teoría económica, basada en el método de la concepción y que opera mediante construcciones imaginarias, e historia económica, que se vale del método de la comprensión y de los tipos ideales. Palabras clave: gnoseología, epistemología, metodología, ciencias sociales, economía. Clasificación JEL: B40 B41 B53

scholarly journals Emphaty as the foundation of the social sciences and of social life: a reading of Husserl's phenomenology of transcendental intersubjectivity

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 563-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frédéric Vandenberghe
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Communicative Action ◽  
Transcendental Phenomenology ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Human Sciences ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World

Starting with an overview of possible solutions to the problem of social order, the author presents a non-acritical reconstruction of Edmund Husserl's transcendental phenomenology of intersubjectivity as a sympathetic alternative to Habermas's theory of communicative action. By means of a detailed analysis of the concept of empathy (Einfühlung), he shows that Husserl's phenomenology of intersubjectivity offers a triple foundation of the sciences. As a warrant of the objectivity of the world, it grounds the natural sciences; as a presupposition of sociality, it founds the social sciences; as mediated by culture, it grounds the social sciences as human sciences.

scholarly journals La géographie dans le programme d’enseignement des sciences sociales au niveau primaire et secondaire

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-110
Author(s):  
N. V. Scarfe
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Studies ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Human Action ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
One Year ◽  
Sciences Sociales

Geography, being one of the social studies, has a unique contribution, a particular point of view to bring to bear in understanding Society. Its specific Junction is to train future citizens to imagine the conditions of the great world stage and so help them to think sanely about political and social conditions in the world around. Geography is the only subject that deals directly and fully with the influence of the physical environment upon human action and life. The author stresses the point that History and Geography are equally important and need to be given the same amount of time in the curriculum. But History and Geography are note the same : both are different ways of interpreting facts. In stressing the distinction between History and Geography, the author wishes to improve the teaching of both History and Geography, but as different disciplines. Finally the author points out that Geography progresses in difficulty and sequence, like arithmetic, so that one year is a prerequisite of the geographical concepts to be introduced in the next year of study. Geography is more appealing and more real to children than many other social sciences and so more stimulating to intellectual effort.

Defending the Difference

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
True Nature ◽  
Natural Entities ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Methodological Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The One

Dreyfus argues that there is a basic methodological difference between the natural sciences and the social sciences, a difference that derives from the different goals and practices of each. He goes on to argue that being a realist about natural entities is compatible with pluralism or, as he calls it, “plural realism.” If intelligibility is always grounded in our practices, Dreyfus points out, then there is no point of view from which one can ask about or provide an answer to the one true nature of ultimate reality. But that is consistent with believing that the natural sciences can still reveal the way the world is independent of our theories and practices.

Practicing Narrative Inquiry II

2020 ◽  
pp. 283-328
Author(s):  
Arthur P. Bochner ◽  
Andrew F. Herrmann
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Narrative Inquiry ◽  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Moral Agency ◽  
Human Sciences ◽  
Pragmatic Development ◽  
The Social ◽  
Crisis Of Representation ◽  
Small Story ◽  
The Life Course

Narrative inquiry provides an opportunity to humanize the human sciences, placing people, meaning, and personal identity at the center of research, inviting the development of reflexive, relational, dialogic, and interpretive methodologies, and drawing attention to the need to focus not only on the actual but also on the possible and the good. In this chapter, we focus on the intellectual, existential, empirical, and pragmatic development of the turn toward narrative. We trace the rise of narrative inquiry as it evolved in the aftermath of the crisis of representation in the social sciences. The chapter synthesizes the changing methodological orientations of qualitative researchers associated with narrative inquiry as well as their ethical commitments. In the second half of the chapter, our focus shifts to the divergent standpoints of small-story and big-story researchers; the differences between narrative analysis and narratives under analysis; and narrative practices that seek to help people form better relationships, overcome oppressive canonical identities, amplify or reclaim moral agency, and cope better with contingencies and difficulties experienced over the life course. We anticipate that narrative inquiry will continue to situate itself within an intermediate zone between art and science, healing and research, self and others, subjectivity and objectivity, and theories and stories.

Benson and Miller in Perspective

1979 ◽  
Vol 3 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 242-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Kuklick
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Applied Science ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Knowledge ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The One ◽  
Stock Of Knowledge

Despite differences in coloration Miller and Benson are birds of a feather. Although he is no Pollyanna, Miller believes that there has been a modest and decent series of advances in the social sciences and that the most conscientious, diligent, and intelligent researchers will continue to add to this stock of knowledge. Benson is much more pessimistic about the achievements of yesterday and today but, in turn, offers us the hope of a far brighter tomorrow. Miller explains Benson’s hyperbolic views about the past and future by distinguishing between pure and applied science and by pointing out Benson’s naivete about politics: the itch to understand the world is different from the one to make it better; and, Miller says, because Benson sees that we have not made things better, he should not assume we do not know more about them; Benson ought to realize, Miller adds, that the way politicians translate basic social knowledge into social policy need not bring about rational or desirable results. On the other side, Benson sees more clearly than Miller that the development of science has always been intimately intertwined with the control of the environment and the amelioration of the human estate.

Book Reviews: Studies in Sociology, Race Mixture, Hunger and Work in a Savage Tribe, Interpretations, 1931–1932, Faith, Hope and Charity in Primitive Religion, Genetic Principles in Medicine and Social Science, The Reorganisation of Education in China, Social Decay and Eugenical Reform, The Social and Political Ideas of Some Representative Thinkers of the Revolutionary Era, L. T. Hobhouse, His Life and Work, Corner of England, World Agriculture—An International Study, Small-Town Stuff, Methods of Social Study, Does History Repeat Itself? The New Morality, Culture and Progress, Language and Languages: An Introduction to Linguistics, The Theory of Wages, The Santa Clara Valley, California, Social Psychology, A History of Fire and Flame, Sin and New Psychology, Sociology and Education, Mental Subnormality and the Local Community: Am Outline or a Practical Program, Tyneside Council op Social Service, Reconstruction and Education in Rural India, The Contribution of the English Le Play School to Rural Sociology, Kagami Kenkyu Hokoku, President's, Pioneer Settlement: Co-Operative Studies, Birth Control and Public Health, Pioneer Settlement: Co-Operative Studies, Ourselves and the World: The Making of an American Citizen, The Emergence of the Social Sciences from Moral Philosophy, The Comparable Interests of the Old Moral Philosophy and the Modern Social Sciences, The World in Agony, Sheffield Social Survey Committee, Housing Problems in Liverpool, Council for the Preservation of Rural England, Forest Land Use in Wisconsin, The Growth Cycle of the Farm Family, The Farmer's Guide to Agricultural Research in 1931, A History of the Public Library Movement in Great Britain and Ireland, The Retirement of National Debts, Public and Private Operation of Railways in Brazil, The Indian Minorities Problem, The Meaning of the Manchurian Crisis, The Drama of the Kingdom, Social Psychology, Competition in the American Tobacco Industry, New York School Centers and Their Community Policy, Desertion of Alabama Troops from the Confederate Army, Plans for City Police Jails and Village Lockups

1933 ◽  
Vol a25 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-109
Author(s):  
R. R. Marbtt ◽  
E. E. Evans-Pritchard ◽  
E. O. Jambs ◽  
Florence Ayscough ◽  
C. H. Desch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Psychology ◽  
Moral Philosophy ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Public Library ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pioneer Settlement

Assessing Contemporary Crises: Aligning Safety Science and Security Studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bibi van den Berg ◽  
Ruth Prins ◽  
Sanneke Kuipers
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Security Studies ◽  
Nation States ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Safety Science ◽  
Key Topics

Security and safety are key topics of concern in the globalized and interconnected world. While the terms “safety” and “security” are often used interchangeably in everyday life, in academia, security is mostly studied in the social sciences, while safety is predominantly studied in the natural sciences, engineering, and medicine. However, developments and incidents that negatively affect society increasingly contain both safety and security aspects. Therefore, an integrated perspective on security and safety is beneficial. Such a perspective studies hazardous and harmful events and phenomena in the full breadth of their complexity—including the cause of the event, the target that is harmed, and whether the harm is direct or indirect. This leads to a richer understanding of the nature of incidents and the effects they may have on individuals, collectives, societies, nation-states, and the world at large.

IN PURSUIT OF SOCIAL PROGRESS

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-449
Author(s):  
Matthew Adler ◽  
Marc Fleurbaey
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
New York ◽  
Academic Career ◽  
New York Times ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
University Professors ◽  
University Campuses ◽  
International Panel ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World

In 2014, the New York Times columnist Nicholas Kristof wrote: ‘Some of the smartest thinkers on problems at home and around the world are university professors, but most of them just don't matter in today's great debates … I write this in sorrow, for I considered an academic career and deeply admire the wisdom found on university campuses. So, professors, don't cloister yourselves like medieval monks – we need you!’ At that time, a group of academics were working to launch the International Panel on Social Progress, with the aim of preparing a report analysing the current prospects for improving our societies.1 It gathered about 300 researchers from more than 40 countries and from all disciplines of the social sciences, law and philosophy.

scholarly journals Conceptual Usage of Systems Dynamics in Patients Rehabilitation Management

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Tudor Irimiaș ◽  
Giuseppe Carbone ◽  
Adrian Pîslă
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
Systems Dynamics ◽  
Rehabilitation Management ◽  
Major Research ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Brain

The essence of social sciences is well encompassed in Green’s (2006) quote “People were created to be loved. Things were created to be used. The reason why the world is in chaos is because things are being loved and people are being used. ” For this reason, social sciences are important, as major research paradigm on how and why individuals interrelate. The aim of the actual research is to look for a conceptual approach activity, as part of a larger project focused on individual rehabilitation. The brain is trained to react to the stimulus and command a behavior. The premise, for the considered approach, is understanding the social sciences as revealing the individuals interests for self conscience, well being and moral values and drawing the line to it’s importance for governments authorities, policymakers or NGO’s.

scholarly journals The “Table of mineral classification” by Oscar Nerval de Gouvêa: mineralogy and medicine in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 491-508
Author(s):  
Silvia Fernanda de Mendonça Figueirôa
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Parts

Abstract Oscar Nerval de Gouvêa was a scientist and teacher in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, whose work spanned engineering, medicine, the social sciences, and law. This paper presents and discusses a manuscript entitled “Table of mineral classification,” which he appended to his dissertation Da receptividade mórbida , presented to the Faculty of Medicine in 1889. The foundations and features of the table provide a focus for understanding nineteenth-century mineralogy and its connections in Brazil at that time through this scientist. This text was Gouvêa’s contribution to the various mineral classification systems which have emerged from different parts of the world.

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