scholarly journals Maternal Mental Wellbeing During Pregnancy, Birth, Postnatal Period and Infant Development

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cut Meurah Yeni
Keyword(s):  
Infant Development ◽  
Postnatal Period ◽  
Mental Wellbeing

scholarly journals Macrophage dysfunction initiates colitis during weaning of infant mice lacking the interleukin-10 receptor

eLife ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naresh S Redhu ◽  
Vasudevan Bakthavatchalu ◽  
Evan A Conaway ◽  
Dror S Shouval ◽  
Amy Tsou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infant Development ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Postnatal Period ◽  
Macrophage Function ◽  
Murine Colitis ◽  
Macrophage Depletion ◽  
Macrophage Dysfunction ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Deficient Mice

Infants with defects in the interleukin 10 receptor (IL10R) develop very early onset inflammatory bowel disease. Whether IL10R regulates lamina propria macrophage function during infant development in mice and whether macrophage-intrinsic IL10R signaling is required to prevent colitis in infancy is unknown. Here we show that although signs of colitis are absent in IL10R-deficient mice during the first two weeks of life, intestinal inflammation and macrophage dysfunction begin during the third week of life, concomitant with weaning and accompanying diversification of the intestinal microbiota. However, IL10R did not directly regulate the microbial ecology during infant development. Interestingly, macrophage depletion with clodronate inhibited the development of colitis, while the absence of IL10R specifically on macrophages sensitized infant mice to the development of colitis. These results indicate that IL10R-mediated regulation of macrophage function during the early postnatal period is indispensable for preventing the development of murine colitis.

scholarly journals Antenatal, Intrapartum, and Postnatal Maternal health Care during COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (supplement) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Lujain Anwar Alkhazrajy
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Health ◽  
Postnatal Period ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Child Birth ◽  
Risk Pregnancy ◽  
New Information ◽  
Mode Of Birth

There is limited data and evidence about the effects of COVID-19 on Maternal health, especially when new information is emerging daily, through pregnancy, child birth and post natal period, women are vulnerable to have the infection, this article, aimed to show the suitable measures that should be applied for women at reproductive age who are suspected /confirmed with COVID -19 infection, During pregnancy it is advisable to continue the antenatal care schedule, although reducing face to face visit is recommended (unless the pregnant condition required that ),and prioritize ANC at health facilities for high-risk pregnancy and during second half of pregnancy with adequate infection prevention control  measures. Regarding child birth, positive COVID-19 result without other indications is not an indication to expedite birth, decision for mode of birth not influenced by positive COVID-19 result, it is recommended to support normal labour and if elective caesarean has been planned, epidural anesthesia is highly recommended than general anesthesia. For women with suspected or confirmed COVID-19, Betamimetics: should be avoided as they may exacerbate maternal hypotension, tachycardia and pulmonary edema. Maternal mental wellbeing should be screened in postnatal period because infected women with COVID -19 are more prone to develop an anxiety than general population because of the demands of the disease like  isolation, bereavement, financial difficulties, insecurity and inability to access support systems which are considered as added risk factors to develop mental illnesses  

scholarly journals Using co-design to explore how midwives can support the emerging mother-infant relationship during the early postnatal period: Protocol for a mixed-method study. (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathy Stoodley ◽  
Lois McKellar ◽  
Ian Gwilt ◽  
Tahereh Ziaian ◽  
Mary Steen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infant Development ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Social Process ◽  
Intervention Development ◽  
Postnatal Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Early Postnatal Period ◽  
Sensitive Period ◽  
National Priority ◽  
Becoming A Mother

BACKGROUND The postnatal period can be a challenging time for women, with mothers experiencing a range of emotions. As a woman transitions to motherhood, she adjusts to a new sense of self and forms a new relationship with her infant. Becoming a mother is a complex cognitive and social process that is unique for each woman and is influenced and shaped by culture. The emerging mother-infant relationship is a significant factor in maternal wellbeing and infant development, with the bond between the mother and her baby being critical to the development of secure attachment. It has been recognised that the strength of this relationship is the main predictor of how well a child will do throughout life. Significantly, there has been a global focus on the importance of the first 1000 days, with Australia identifying this as a national priority. Midwives are ideally placed to support mothers during the development of the mother-infant relationship, providing care through the early postnatal period which has been identified as a ‘sensitive period’ for the development of the mother-infant relationship. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this project is to explore how midwives can support the emerging mother-infant relationship in the context of cultural diversity and develop an appropriate co-designed intervention in the early postnatal period. METHODS This study will utilise an exploratory sequential design (intervention development variant), mixed-methods approach. This will be undertaken in three phases: initially, a qualitative phase which is followed by two quantitative phases. Phase one will include a scoping review to explore interventions that have influenced the development of the mother-infant relationship, then interviews will be undertaken with women exploring their early experiences of motherhood, followed by three co-design workshops. The workshops will engage with multilevel stakeholder representatives where, through partnership and participation they will propose and develop an intervention to support the emerging mother-infant relationship. Phase two will develop and pilot two purpose-designed evaluation surveys to evaluate the co-designed intervention from the perspective of both mothers and midwives. Phase three will implement and evaluate the co-designed intervention using pre-and post-measures and feedback from the purpose-designed surveys. RESULTS Phase one has commenced with the expected completion in August 2021. Phase two is expected to be completed by September 2021, with phase three commencing in October 2021. The project will be completed by March 2023. CONCLUSIONS The results from the study will be shared with a variety of audiences and will contribute to the body of knowledge on the mother-infant relationship, potentially improving the understanding of this relationship for women and midwives. This may result in improved strategies for care, with mothers also benefiting from an enhanced experience and satisfaction during the early postnatal period.

scholarly journals Neurohormones and temperament interact during infant development

2018 ◽  
Vol 373 (1744) ◽  
pp. 20170159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Aaron Jones ◽  
Aliza Sloan
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Infant Development ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Regulatory System ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Postnatal Period ◽  
Emotional Dysregulation ◽  
Individual Development ◽  
Physiological Factors

The infant's psycho-physiological regulatory system begins to develop prenatally and continues to mature during the postnatal period. Temperament is a construct comprising tonic individual differences in dispositional physiological and behavioural reactions as well as an evolving ability to regulate to environmental conditions. Theoretical models and research have shown that neurohormonal and -physiological factors contribute to individual development and impact infant behaviours as well as the developing regulatory system. Moreover, prenatal maternal risks such as stress and depression are thought to programme fetal regulatory tendencies and that influences neural and behavioural functioning in infancy. The purpose of this review is to examine the theories and research that link infant temperament to neurohormonal and -physiological development in typically developing infants and in those exposed to environmental risk. Research has demonstrated associations between individual variation in physiological stress responses and regulation (measured with cortisol). Moreover, studies have noted an association with physiological regulation and socio-emotional interaction (as measured by the touch–oxytocin link) that may buffer emotional dysregulation. The interaction between individual differences in temperamental tendencies, neurohormonal and -physiological patterns will be discussed by presenting data from studies that have shown that infant neurohormonal and -physiological functioning sets an important trajectory for the development of the individual. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Diverse perspectives on diversity: multi-disciplinary approaches to taxonomies of individual differences’.

scholarly journals A Maternal Postpartum Depression Consequences towards Mother-child interaction Outcomes: A systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 110-114
Author(s):  
Muhammad Bardan Hanif
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Postnatal Period ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Child Interaction ◽  
Mother Child Interaction ◽  
Online Databases ◽  
Maternal Postpartum Depression

Postpartum depression is a psychiatric disorder that starts from the second to the sixth week after birth. Postpartum depression has been shown to have an association with infant growth, nutrition, bonding, temperament and ultimately childhood mental wellbeing. This paper reviews overall outcomes of untreated maternal postpartum depression towards the mother-child interactions consequences. Systematic review was conducted in the online databases Google Scholar and PubMed using the index terms “postpartum depression” and “maternal outcomes” or “children outcomes”. Total of 10 studies (out of 112 references retrieved from bibliographic databases) were included in this systematic review. The results of the studies were synthetized into mother–child interactions, including bonding, breastfeeding, and the maternal role. The results suggest that postpartum depression creates an environment that is not conducive to the mother-child interaction thus regressing personal development of mothers or the optimal development of a child. It therefore seems  important to detect and treat depression during the postnatal period as early as possible to avoid harmful consequences.

Facet Theory

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Guttman ◽  
Charles W. Greenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Animal Behavior ◽  
Infant Development ◽  
Facet Theory ◽  
Structural Relationships ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Spatial Configurations ◽  
Multidimensional Methods ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Scalogram Analysis

This article gives an overview of Facet Theory, a systematic approach to facilitating theory construction, research design, and data analysis for complex studies, that is particularly appropriate to the behavioral and social sciences. Facet Theory is based on (1) a definitional framework for a universe of observations in the area of study; (2) empirical structures of observations within this framework; (3) a search for correspondence between the definitional system and aspects of the empirical structure for the observations. The development of Facet Theory and Facet Design is reviewed from early scale analysis and the Guttman Scale, leading to the concepts of “mapping sentence,” “universe of content,” “common range,” “content facets,” and nonmetric multidimensional methods of data analysis. In Facet Theory, the definition of the behavioral domain provides a rationale for hypothesizing structural relationships among variables employed in a study. Examples are presented from various areas of research (intelligence, infant development, animal behavior, etc.) to illustrate the methods and results of structural analysis with Smallest Space Analysis (SSA), Multidimensional Scalogram Analysis (MSA), and Partial Order Scalogram Analysis (POSA). The “radex” and “cylindrex” of intelligence tests are shown to be outstanding examples of predicted spatial configurations that have demonstrated the ubiquitous emergence of the same empirical structures in different studies. Further examples are given from studies of spatial abilities, infant development, animal behavior, and others. The use of Facet Theory, with careful construction of theory and design, is shown to provide new insights into existing data; it allows for the diagnosis and discrimination of behavioral traits and makes the generalizability and replication of findings possible, which in turn makes possible the discovery of lawfulness. Achievements, issues, and future challenges of Facet Theory are discussed.

Brandon and Rachel: Patterns of infant development

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Infant Development
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