Facet Theory

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Guttman ◽  
Charles W. Greenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Animal Behavior ◽  
Infant Development ◽  
Facet Theory ◽  
Structural Relationships ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Spatial Configurations ◽  
Multidimensional Methods ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Scalogram Analysis

This article gives an overview of Facet Theory, a systematic approach to facilitating theory construction, research design, and data analysis for complex studies, that is particularly appropriate to the behavioral and social sciences. Facet Theory is based on (1) a definitional framework for a universe of observations in the area of study; (2) empirical structures of observations within this framework; (3) a search for correspondence between the definitional system and aspects of the empirical structure for the observations. The development of Facet Theory and Facet Design is reviewed from early scale analysis and the Guttman Scale, leading to the concepts of “mapping sentence,” “universe of content,” “common range,” “content facets,” and nonmetric multidimensional methods of data analysis. In Facet Theory, the definition of the behavioral domain provides a rationale for hypothesizing structural relationships among variables employed in a study. Examples are presented from various areas of research (intelligence, infant development, animal behavior, etc.) to illustrate the methods and results of structural analysis with Smallest Space Analysis (SSA), Multidimensional Scalogram Analysis (MSA), and Partial Order Scalogram Analysis (POSA). The “radex” and “cylindrex” of intelligence tests are shown to be outstanding examples of predicted spatial configurations that have demonstrated the ubiquitous emergence of the same empirical structures in different studies. Further examples are given from studies of spatial abilities, infant development, animal behavior, and others. The use of Facet Theory, with careful construction of theory and design, is shown to provide new insights into existing data; it allows for the diagnosis and discrimination of behavioral traits and makes the generalizability and replication of findings possible, which in turn makes possible the discovery of lawfulness. Achievements, issues, and future challenges of Facet Theory are discussed.

Pedagang Kaki Lima, Profil Entrepreneurship Sejati, Pelaku Ekonomi Kerakyatan, Ciptakan Jiwa Kewirausahaan Mandiri

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
Agus Prasetya
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Data Display ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Street Vendor ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Collection Data ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Depth Interviews

This article is motivated by the fact that the existence of the Street Vendor (PKL) profession is a manifestation of the difficulty of work and the lack of jobs. The scarcity of employment due to the consideration of the number of jobs with unbalanced workforce, economically this has an impact on the number of street vendors (PKL) exploding ... The purpose of being a street vendor is, as a livelihood, making a living, looking for a bite of rice for family, because of the lack of employment, this caused the number of traders to increase. The scarcity of jobs, causes informal sector migration job seekers to create an independent spirit, entrepreneurship, entrepreneurship, with capital, managed by traders who are true populist economic actors. The problems in street vendors are: (1) how to organize, regulate, empower street vendors in the cities (2) how to foster, educate street vendors, and (3) how to help, find capital for street vendors (4) ) how to describe grief as a Five-Foot Trader. This paper aims to find a solution to the problem of street vendors, so that cases of conflict, cases of disputes, clashes of street vendors with Satpol PP can be avoided. For this reason, the following solutions must be sought: (1) understanding the causes of the explosions of street vendors (2) understanding the problems of street vendors. (3) what is the solution to solving street vendors in big cities. (4) describe Street Vendors as actors of the people's economy. This article is qualitative research, the social paradigm is the definition of social, the method of retrieving observational data, in-depth interviews, documentation. Data analysis uses Interactive Miles and Huberman theory, with stages, Collection Data, Display Data, Data Reduction and Vervying or conclusions.

scholarly journals A Summary of F-Transform Techniques in Data Analysis

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 1771
Author(s):  
Ferdinando Di Martino ◽  
Irina Perfilieva ◽  
Salvatore Sessa
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
High Dimensional ◽  
Sufficient Data ◽  
Fuzzy Transform ◽  
Transform Method ◽  
Data Density ◽  
Fuzzy Partitions ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Performance Results

Fuzzy transform is a technique applied to approximate a function of one or more variables applied by researchers in various image and data analysis. In this work we present a summary of a fuzzy transform method proposed in recent years in different data mining disciplines, such as the detection of relationships between features and the extraction of association rules, time series analysis, data classification. After having given the definition of the concept of Fuzzy Transform in one or more dimensions in which the constraint of sufficient data density with respect to fuzzy partitions is also explored, the data analysis approaches recently proposed in the literature based on the use of the Fuzzy Transform are analyzed. In particular, the strategies adopted in these approaches for managing the constraint of sufficient data density and the performance results obtained, compared with those measured by adopting other methods in the literature, are explored. The last section is dedicated to final considerations and future scenarios for using the Fuzzy Transform for the analysis of massive and high-dimensional data.

scholarly journals Geophysical surveys integrated with rainfall data analysis for the study of soil piping phenomena occurred in a densely urbanized area in eastern Sicily

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graziano Patti ◽  
Sabrina Grassi ◽  
Gabriele Morreale ◽  
Mauro Corrao ◽  
Sebastiano Imposa
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rainfall Data ◽  
Soil Subsidence ◽  
Hydrogeological Characteristics ◽  
Geophysical Surveys ◽  
Soil Piping ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Surface Collapse

AbstractThe occurrence of strong and abrupt rainfall, together with a wrong land use planning and an uncontrolled urban development, can constitute a risk for infrastructure and population. The water flow in the subsoil, under certain conditions, may cause underground cavities formation. This phenomena known as soil piping can evolve and generate the surface collapse. It is clear that such phenomena in densely urbanized areas represent an unpredictable and consistent risk factor, which can interfere with social activities. In this study a multidisciplinary approach aimed to obtain useful information for the mitigation of the risks associated with the occurrence of soil piping phenomena in urban areas has been developed. This approach is aimed at defining the causes of sudden soil subsidence events, as well as the definition of the extension and possible evolution of these instability areas. The information obtained from rainfall data analysis, together with a study of the morphological, geological and hydrogeological characteristics, have allowed us to evaluate the causes that have led to the formation of soil pipes. Furthermore, performance of 3D electrical resistivity surveys in the area affected by the instability have allowed us to estimate their extension in the subsoil and identifying the presence of further areas susceptible to instability.

Estimation of Failure Probability and its Applications in Reliability Data Analysis

2010 ◽  
Vol 118-120 ◽  
pp. 601-605
Author(s):  
Han Ming
Keyword(s):  
Parameter Estimation ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Bayesian Estimation ◽  
Failure Probability ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
New Method ◽  
Reliability Parameter ◽  
Hierarchical Bayesian Estimation ◽  
Definition Of

Evaluation method of reliability parameter estimation needs to be improved effectively with the advance of science and technology. This paper develops a new method of parameter estimation, which is named E-Bayesian estimation method. In the case one hyper-parameter, the definition of E-Bayesian estimation of the failure probability is provided, moreover, the formulas of E-Bayesian estimation and hierarchical Bayesian estimation, and the property of E-Bayesian estimation of the failure probability are also provided. Finally, calculation on practical problems shows that the provided method is feasible and easy to perform.

Agents in bioinformatics

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHAEL LUCK ◽  
EMANUELA MERELLI
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
System Modelling ◽  
Agent Based Simulation ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Information Agents ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Definition Of

The scope of the Technical Forum Group (TFG) on Agents in Bioinformatics (BIOAGENTS) was to inspire collaboration between the agent and bioinformatics communities with the aim of creating an opportunity to propose a different (agent-based) approach to the development of computational frameworks both for data analysis in bioinformatics and for system modelling in computational biology. During the day, the participants examined the future of research on agents in bioinformatics primarily through 12 invited talks selected to cover the most relevant topics. From the discussions, it became clear that there are many perspectives to the field, ranging from bio-conceptual languages for agent-based simulation, to the definition of bio-ontology-based declarative languages for use by information agents, and to the use of Grid agents, each of which requires further exploration. The interactions between participants encouraged the development of applications that describe a way of creating agent-based simulation models of biological systems, starting from an hypothesis and inferring new knowledge (or relations) by mining and analysing the huge amount of public biological data. In this report we summarize and reflect on the presentations and discussions.

scholarly journals Manajemen strategik peningkatan mutu lembaga pendidikan Muhammadiyah di Kabupaten Gunungkidul

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-69
Author(s):  
Ahmad Nurdin Kholili ◽  
Syarief Fajaruddin
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Strategic Management ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
School Environment ◽  
School Quality ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Definition Of

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1.) Mengkaji implementasi manajemen strategik peningkatan mutu lembaga pendidikan Muhammadiyah di SMP Al-Mujahidin dan SMP Muhammadiyah Semin Kabupaten Gunungkidul; dan 2.) Menemukan formulasi alternatif manajemen strategik lembaga pendidikan Muhammadiyah dalam meningkatkan mutu sekolah di Kabupaten Gunungkidul. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian studi kasus yang bersifat kualitatif, dengan mengunakan metode observasi, interview dan dokumentasi terhadap dua lembaga pendidikan Muhammadiyah. Teknik analisis data menggunakan teori Miles dan Huberman dengan tahapan reduksi data, penyajian data dan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi manajemen strategik yang dilakukan oleh SMP Muhammadiyah Al-Mujahidin dan SMP Muhammadiyah Semin melibatkan semua stakeholder. Sekolah terlebih dahulu merumuskan visi misi sekolah dengan mempertimbangkan faktor internal dan eksternal lingkungan sekolah, dilanjutkan merumuskan tujuan dan target mutu sekolah diikuti dengan penentuan strategi yang akan digunakan oleh sekolah demi terealisasinya semua target mutu yang disepakati. Implementasi strategi yang dilakukan SMP Muhammadiyah Al-Mujahidin dan SMP Muhammadiyah Semin dalam meningkatkan mutu sekolah adalah dengan menjabarkan dan melaksanakan semua strategi yang telah dirumuskan dalam bentuk kegiatan-kegiatan terprogram dan terukur. Evaluasi strategi yang digunakan SMP Muhammadiyah Al-Mujahidin dan SMP Muhammadiyah Semin adalah melalui rapat formal maupun informal. AbstractThe objective of the present study is to: 1.) Review the implementation of strategic management for the improvement of the Muhammadiyah educational institution quality in the context of Al-Mujahidin Junior High School and Muhammadiyah Junior High School Semin, the Regency of Gunungkidul; and 2.) Identify the alternative formula for the implementation of the strategic management within the Muhammadiyah educational institution quality toward the improvement of the school quality in the Regency of Gunungkidul. The nature of the study is qualitative research using observation, interview, and documentation with two Muhammadiyah educational institutions as the objects of the study. Throughout the data analysis, the technique that has been implemented is the data analysis technique proposed by Miles & Huberman under the following sequence: (1) data reduction; (2) data presentation; and (3) conclusions. The results of the study show that the implementation of strategic management by the Al-Mujahidin Junior High School and the Muhammadiyah Junior High School Semin has involved all stakeholders. The two Muhammadiyah educational institutions formulate the school vision and the school mission in the very first place with considerations toward the internal factors and the external factors of the school environment. Then, the two Muhammadiyah educational institutions proceed to the formulation of the objectives and the targets for the school quality followed by the definition of the school strategy in achieving all of the quality targets that have been formulated. Furthermore, the strategic management by the Al-Mujahidin Junior High School and the Muhammadiyah Junior High School Semin in improving the school quality is elaborating and implementing all strategies that have been formulated in the form of programmed and measured activities. The strategies will be evaluated by the Al-Mujahidin Junior High School and the Muhammadiyah Junior High School Semin through the mechanism of both formal and informal meetings.

A review and refinement of the concept of containment for the management of invasive plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (8) ◽  
pp. 602
Author(s):  
A. C. Grice ◽  
H. T. Murphy ◽  
J. R. Clarkson ◽  
M. H. Friedel ◽  
C. S. Fletcher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practice ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Plant Invasions ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Stochastic Nature ◽  
Strategic Objective ◽  
Scientific Principles ◽  
Spatial Configurations ◽  
Frequent Failure ◽  
Definition Of

Containment is a frequently advocated strategic objective for countering plant invasions. It is commonly perceived that it is the valid fall-back option when eradication has failed or is deemed impossible with the available resources. We reviewed management and research literature on containment. The lack of a clear, universally accepted definition of containment is problematic and containment practice is not well aligned with the limited research literature. Vague and inconsistent use of the term, poorly developed relationships between management practice and the ecological drivers of invasion, and frequent failure to specify appropriately scaled spatial configurations in management strategies make it difficult to evaluate containment as a strategy, generally or in specific cases. Management strategies rarely provide the basis for effective and efficient containment programs and this may reflect a lack of under-pinning scientific principles. We recommend that containment be defined as ‘deliberate action taken to prevent establishment and reproduction of a species beyond a predefined area’ and suggest that containment efforts should focus on individual infestations or populations but simultaneously cover all infestations or populations that are separated from one another by habitat suitable for the species. Containment units should be rigorously defined but the inevitability of breaches of these containment units, due to the stochastic nature of dispersal, implies that containment generally requires a capacity for local eradication (extirpation). This means that many infestations are no more amenable to containment than to eradication. The measures we propose would improve assessment of the feasibility and success of containment strategies.

Authorship

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Journal ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Journal Editors ◽  
Collection Data ◽  
Honorary Authorship ◽  
Definition Of

This chapter begins with a definition of authorship and provides the The Proposed Rapid Review Checklist for Authors (the 5Ds: design, data collection, data analysis, discussion of findings, the ability to define the paper and its message) which may be useful in judging whether authorship should be considered. The authorship model proposed by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) is also outlined. The chapter also discusses different forms of inappropriate authorship models (ghost authorship, guest/honorary authorship, anonymous authorship) and presents intellectual property and copyright considerations. An author's responsibility to report an original, accurate, focused and repeatable account of the research conducted is also discussed.

scholarly journals Cohesive Ties in Scientific Texts: An Analytical Approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Sahar Altikriti ◽  
Batoul Obaidat
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Structural Unit ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Semantic Concept ◽  
Medical Texts ◽  
Scientific Texts ◽  
Structural Relationships ◽  
Political Narrative ◽  
Text Cohesion

The notion of “textuality” encouraged Halliday and Hasan in 1976 to present their model of discourse analysis through raising questions about whether “cohesion” is a semantic concept or a structural relation, whether a text is a structural unit or not or even if there are semantic or structural relationships within a text. Cohesion is like the glue that unifies the meaning within a text through binding the textual elements. Several studies applied the model of Halliday and Hasan on different texts such as legal, political, narrative, etc., but, very scarce attention has been given to scientific texts. The aim of this study is to examine and analyze some medical texts chosen randomly in terms of the Halliday and Hasan’s model by identifying both the lexical and the grammatical cohesive ties. The data analysis shows that the grammatical cohesive ties of reference and the lexical cohesive ties of reiteration carry the highest frequency among other cohesive ties. These results confirmed the significant role of cohesive ties in scientific texts.

scholarly journals Marine Ranching Construction and Management in East China Sea: Programs for Sustainable Fishery and Aquaculture

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xijie Zhou ◽  
Xu Zhao ◽  
Shouyu Zhang ◽  
Jun Lin
Keyword(s):  
East China Sea ◽  
Habitat Restoration ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Ecosystem Approach ◽  
East China ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Sustainable Fishery ◽  
Definition Of

Marine ranching, which is considered a sustainable fishery mode that has advantages for the ecosystem approach to fishery, the ecosystem approach to aquaculture, and capture-based aquaculture, is rapidly growing in China. The development of marine ranching requires integrating different theoretical frameworks, methodological approaches for conceptual exploring, and models and management of ecosystem frameworks. We reviewed the definition of marine ranching, the history of marine ranching construction in China, and the techniques, principles, and cases of marine ranching construction and management in the East China Sea (ECS). We highlight four major developments in marine ranching in the ECS: (1) marine ranching site selection and design, (2) habitat restoration and construction technologies, (3) stock enhancement and the behavioral control of fishery resources, and (4) marine ranching management. We conclude that this step-wise procedure for marine ranching construction and management could have comprehensive benefits in terms of ecology, the economy, and society. Finally, a synthesis of the existing problems in ECS marine ranching construction, along with future challenges and directions, are outlined.

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