scholarly journals Serum Liver Enzyme Pattern in Birth Asphyxia Associated Liver Injury

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nanda Chhavi ◽  
Kiran Zutshi ◽  
Niranjan Kumar Singh ◽  
Ashish Awasthi ◽  
Amit Goel
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Liver Enzyme ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Enzyme Pattern

scholarly journals COVID-19 associated variations in liver function parameters: a retrospective study

2020 ◽  
pp. postgradmedj-2020-138930
Author(s):  
Ram Krishan Saini ◽  
Neha Saini ◽  
Sant Ram ◽  
Shiv Lal Soni ◽  
Vikas Suri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Liver Enzyme ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Abnormal Liver Function ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

BackgroundCharacteristics of laboratory findings of COVID-19 patients are of great significance for diagnosis and treatment. Studies that have analysed the variations in hepatic profile in correlation with the inflammatory markers in SARS-CoV-2 are limited.MethodsWe retrospectively analysed liver function tests and inflammatory markers of 170 admitted patients with confirmed COVID-19 in the tertiary care centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), India, using Roche Cobas Autoanalyzer.ResultsNumber of patients with normal liver enzyme levels were 63 (41.5%), while with raised levels of any of the liver enzymes were 89 (58.5%), out of which 43 (48.31%) had liver injury which manifested as increased severity in terms of intensive care unit (ICU) requirement (p=0.0005). Significantly raised levels of liver enzymes and liver injury were observed with age (p<0.0001) and in males (p=0.004). Significantly decreased levels of albumin and total proteins and increased levels of total bilirubin (p<0.0001) were seen in patients with abnormal liver enzyme levels and liver injury as compared to patients with normal levels. Significant increase in the levels of alanine transaminase and gamma-glutamyl transferase was seen on the 7th day, CRP and ferritin (p<0.0001) peaks were observed on 2nd and 3rd day respectively. A significant positive correlation was found between the levels of these inflammatory markers and liver function parameters.ConclusionsMore than half of patients admitted to the hospital with SARS-CoV-2 infection had an abnormal liver function which was found to be associated with raised levels of inflammatory markers. Significantly higher proportions of patients with abnormal liver function were elderly and males and were at higher risk of progressing to severe disease.

scholarly journals Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Tolerability and Hepatotoxicity of Antifungals in Empirical and Definitive Therapy for Invasive Fungal Infection

2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 2409-2419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiun-Ling Wang ◽  
Chia-Hsuin Chang ◽  
Yinong Young-Xu ◽  
K. Arnold Chan
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Liver Enzyme ◽  
Antifungal Therapy ◽  
Invasive Fungal Infection ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Treatment Discontinuation

ABSTRACT To evaluate the tolerability and liver safety profiles of the systemic antifungal agents commonly used for the treatment of invasive fungal infection, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials published before 31 August 2009. Two reviewers independently applied selection criteria, performed quality assessment, and extracted data. We used the beta-binomial model to account for variation across studies and the maximum likelihood method to estimate the pooled risks. We identified 39 studies with more than 8,000 enrolled patients for planned comparisons. The incidence rates of treatment discontinuation due to adverse reactions and liver injury associated with antifungal therapy ranged widely. The pooled risks of treatment discontinuation due to adverse reactions were above 10% for amphotericin B formulations and itraconazole, whereas they were 2.5% to 3.8% for fluconazole, caspofungin, and micafungin. We found that 1.5% of the patients stopped itraconazole treatment due to hepatotoxicity. Furthermore, 19.7% of voriconazole users and 17.4% of itraconazole users had elevated serum liver enzyme levels, although they did not require treatment discontinuation, whereas 2.0% or 9.3% of fluconazole and echinocandin users had elevated serum liver enzyme levels but did not require treatment discontinuation. The results were similar when we stratified the data by empirical or definitive antifungal therapy. Possible explanations for antifungal agent-related hepatotoxicity were confounded by antifungal prescription to patients with a high risk of liver injury, the increased chance of detection of hepatotoxicity due to prolonged treatment, or the pharmacological entity.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Clinical Spectrum of Liver Disease in Nepalese HIV-Sero-Positive Patients Undergoing Antiretroviral Therapy: A Cross-Sectional Hospital Based Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Roshan Kumar Jha ◽  
Shiv Kumar Sah
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Liver Enzyme ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Clinical Spectrum ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinical Profiles

Introduction. Liver enzyme abnormalities are common in HIV patients, and the prevalence varies across the nations. In Nepal, however, prevalence of liver enzyme disorder and the spectrum of these populations are lacking. Objective. The present study sheds light on prevalence and clinical spectrum of liver disease in Nepalese HIV-sero-positive patients. Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted at OPD/ART, Clinic of Bir Hospital, NAMS. One hundred and forty-four HIV positive patients were enrolled consecutively and their clinical profiles of liver injury were investigated. Results. Of 144 recruited patients, liver enzyme injury was observed in 82 (56.9%). Majority 61 (42.4%) of these cases had hepatocellular type of liver injury. Opportunistic infections were reported in 18 cases, with 9 (6.2%) TB and 8 (5.6%) HCV. Test for significance of liver injury confirmed the absence of any tendency towards an association with coinfection, CD4 cells, ART regimen, and alcohol consumption (P>0.05). However, gender significantly linked with liver injury as well as the pattern of liver injury (P<0.05). Conclusion. The study revealed high rate of liver injury in a substantial proportion of HIV individuals, stressing that a regular clinic follow-up is necessary for the HIV individuals who are undergoing ART.

LIVER ENZYME PATTERN IN THYROTOXICOSIS

1959 ◽  
Vol XXXI (IV) ◽  
pp. 573-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esko A. Nikkilä ◽  
Elja Pitkänen
Keyword(s):  
Liver Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Pattern

scholarly journals Shikonin Attenuates Concanavalin A-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Mice via Inhibition of the JNK Pathway

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong Liu ◽  
Yujing Xia ◽  
Jingjing Li ◽  
Sainan Li ◽  
Jiao Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Liver Enzyme ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Concanavalin A ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Acute Liver Injury ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Jnk Pathway ◽  
Tail Vein Injection ◽  
Cytokine Levels

Objective. Shikonin possesses anti-inflammatory effects. However, its function in concanavalin A-induced acute liver injury remains uncertain. The aim of the present study was to investigate the functions of shikonin and its mechanism of protection on ConA-induced acute liver injury.Materials and Methods. Balb/C mice were exposed to ConA (20 mg/kg) via tail vein injection to establish acute liver injury; shikonin (7.5 mg/kg and 12.5 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally administered 2 h before the ConA injection. The serum liver enzyme levels and the inflammatory cytokine levels were determined at 3, 6, and 24 h after ConA injection.Results. After the injection of ConA, inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, TNF-α, and IFN-γwere significantly increased. Shikonin significantly ameliorated liver injury and histopathological changes and suppressed the release of inflammatory cytokines. The expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax were markedly affected by shikonin pretreatment. LC3, Beclin-1, and p-JNK expression levels were decreased in the shikonin-pretreated groups compared with the ConA-treated groups. Shikonin attenuated ConA-induced liver injury by reducing apoptosis and autophagy through the inhibition of the JNK pathway.Conclusion. Our results indicated that shikonin pretreatment attenuates ConA-induced acute liver injury by inhibiting apoptosis and autophagy through the suppression of the JNK pathway.

Is there a need for liver enzyme monitoring in people using gender-affirming hormone therapy?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa A Stangl ◽  
Chantal M. Wiepjes ◽  
Justine Defreyne ◽  
Elfi B Conemans ◽  
Alessandra D Fisher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Hormone Therapy ◽  
Liver Enzyme ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Transgender Women ◽  
Anabolic Androgenic Steroids ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
Androgenic Steroids ◽  
Multicentre Prospective Study ◽  
Transgender Men

Context: Individuals with gender dysphoria can receive gender-affirming hormone therapy. Different guidelines mention a severe risk of liver injury within the first months after the start of treatment with anabolic androgenic steroids, antiandrogens, and oral contraceptives, which is potentially fatal. Objective: The incidence of liver injury in a transgender population using gender-affirming hormone therapy. Design: Multicentre prospective study with 1933 transgender individuals, who started with hormone therapy between 2010 and 2020. Methods: The following parameters were analysed before hormone therapy, after 3 months, and after 12 months of hormone therapy: alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT). Both male and female reference values were considered. Liver injury was defined as either an elevation of 2x upper limit of normal (ULN) of ALP, 3xULN of ALT, or 3x ULN of AST. Results: 889 transgender women and 1044 transgender men were included in the analysis. The incidence of liver injury within 12 months after start of hormone therapy, without attribution to alcohol abuse, medical history, or co medication was 0.1% and 0.0% in transgender women according to female and male reference intervals respectively, and 0.6% and 0.4% in transgender men (female and male reference intervals). Conclusion: The incidence of liver injury is found to be very low. We therefore conclude that liver enzyme monitoring within the frame of the risk of liver injury due to hormone therapy is not necessary in a transgender population.

scholarly journals Transient liver enzyme derangement following Remdesivir use: a case series

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-34
Author(s):  
HARSH PATEL ◽  
Harsha Makwana ◽  
Karan Shah ◽  
Supriya Malhotra
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Liver Enzyme ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Mitochondrial Rna ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Serum Aminotransferase ◽  
Mitochondrial Rna Polymerase ◽  
Grade 3

Remdesivir, a nucleotide analog RNA polymerase inhibitor, which was originally evaluated in clinical trials to thwart the Ebola outbreak in 2014, has shown in vitro efficacy against SARS-CoV-2. Experience on its efficacy and safety in COVID-19 is accumulating. In COVID-19, Remdesivir therapy is given intravenously for 5 to 10 days and is frequently accompanied by transient, reversible mild-to-moderate elevations in serum aminotransferase levels but has been only rarely linked to instances of clinically apparent liver injury as a drug-induced liver injury (DILI). It may be caused by direct toxicity possibly due to inhibition of mitochondrial RNA polymerase. Here, we have discussed two cases where liver enzyme levels increased dramatically on the day next after initiating Remdesivir. Case one and two showed grade 4 and grade 3 hepatotoxicity respectively. In both cases, a positive de-challenge was observed and concomitant drugs were not considered to be confounders.  Hence, Remdesivir has a causal relationship with the occurrence of this adverse drug reaction.

scholarly journals COVID-19-Related Abnormal Liver Enzymes Levels: A Retrospective Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-dan Qian ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Tian-tian Yao ◽  
Hai-chao Li ◽  
gui-qiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Liver Enzyme ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
The Body ◽  
Course Of Disease ◽  
Clinical Records

Abstract Background: A new disease called Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) related to SARS-CoV-2 has brought serious attacks to the world. It causes damage to multiple organ systems of the body include liver. Here we intend to shed light on the clinical features its mechanism related to liver damage which caused by COVID-19.Methods: Clinical records and laboratory results were obtained from 138 patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 who were admitted to Tongji hospital, Wuhan, China from February 8, 2020 to February 18, 2020. Information on clinical features of patients with abnormal liver tests were collected for analysis.Results: Fifty-four (39.1%) and eighty-three (60.1%) patients had abnormal liver enzyme levels on admission and during the course of disease. Hepatocyte type was more common than cholestatic type abnormal. 24(17.4%) patients reached the liver injury standard in the course of disease. Patients with abnormal liver enzyme levels were more likely to be male, had higher levels of inflammation indicators, lower pulse oxygen saturation and lymphocyte count. There is a significantly higher proportion of abnormal liver enzymes levels in the patients which administrated antibiotics during hospitalization, compared with that in the ones without antibiotics therapy (56.6% vs 32.7%). Patients with liver injury was an independent predictor of a poor prognosis (p<0.0001, OR 7.774, 95%CI 2.674-22.599).Conclusions: Liver injury in COVID-19 patients was an independent predictor of a poor prognosis. The COVID-19-related abnormal liver enzymes levels may be considered as the result of secondary liver damage caused mainly by several factors. Hypoxia and disease severity account for the largest proportion.

Effects of Steroids on Fetal Rat Liver

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 350-351
Author(s):  
F. G. Zaki
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Dosage Level ◽  
Maternal Plasma ◽  
Methyl Prednisolone ◽  
Fetal Rat ◽  
Toxic Agents ◽  
Fetal Rat Liver ◽  
Neonatal Liver

Fetal and neonatal liver injury induced by agents circulating in maternal plasma, even though well recognized, its morphological manifestations are not yet established. As part of our studies of fetal and neonatal liver injury induced by maternal nutritional disorders, metabolic impairment and toxic agents, the effects of two anti-inflammatory steroids have been recently inves tigated.Triamcinolone and methyl prednisolone were injected each in a group of rats during pregnancy at a-dosage level of 2 mgm three times a week. Fetal liver was studied at 18 days of gestation. Litter size and weight markedly decreased than those of control rats. Stillbirths and resorption were of higher incidence in the triamcinolone group than in those given the prednisolone.

Proteinase activated receptor (PAR)-2 agonistic peptide protects from Th-1 mediated liver injury in mice

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A27-A27
Author(s):  
S FLORUCCI ◽  
A MENCARELLI ◽  
B PALAZZETTI ◽  
E DISTRUTTI ◽  
G CIRINO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Th 1
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