Methods to improve seed germination of purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench).

High germination seed lots of purple coneflower [Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench] were evaluated for laboratory germination following osmotic priming or chilling stratification. Compared to nontreated seeds, osmotic priming at 25C in salts (KNO3 + K3PO4; 1:1, w/w) or polyethylene glycol 4000 (PEG) increased early (3-day) germination percentage at 27C of all seed lots, and improved total (10-day) germination percentage of low-germination seed lots. Total germination percentage was unaffected or increased by priming for 4 days compared to 8 days, and by priming at –1.0 MPa compared to –0.5 MPa (except for one low-germination seed lot). Chilling stratification in water at 5 or 10C increased early and total germination of all seed lots, except for that same lot, compared to nontreated seeds. Total germination percentage was unaffected or increased by stratification at 10C rather than at 5C. Neither extending stratification ≥20 days nor lowering osmotic potential with PEG during stratification improved total germination percentage.

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Effect of gibberellic acid, stratification and salinity on seed germination of Echinacea purpurea cv. Magnus

Herba Polonica ◽

10.1515/hepo-2015-0019 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 61 (3) ◽

pp. 13-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Shamila Yadolahi Zadeh ◽

Ali Akbar Ramin ◽

Bahram Baninasab

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Gibberellic Acid ◽

Salinity Stress ◽

Echinacea Purpurea ◽

Purple Coneflower ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Salinity Levels ◽

The Mean ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Mean Time

SummaryThis study was conducted in order to determine the appropriate treatment for breaking dormancy and the effect of salinity on seed germination of purple coneflower (Echinacea purpureacv. Magnus), in two separate experiments. In the first experiment, five levels of gibberellic acid (GA3) (0, 250, 500, 1000, and 1500 mg×L−1) with four levels of cold moist stratification period of seeds at 5°C (0, 5, 10 and 15 days) were launched. A factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four replications. The statistical analysis showed that concentration of 250 mg×L−1GA3with 10 days of cold moist chilling significantly increased the percentage of germination of normal seedlings and reduced the mean time of germination. In the second experiment, the seeds were chilled for 10 days at 5°C and half of them treated with 250 mg×L−1GA3for 24 hours. The seeds treated with GA3, and those non-treated were subjected to NaCl for salinity stress. The experiment was conducted using five salinity levels (0, 20, 40, 60 and 80 mM NaCl) in four replications in a completely randomized design. The results showed that purple coneflower is highly sensitive to salinity in the germination stage. The results also showed that by increasing salinity levels, the percentage of germination and normal seedlings significantly decreased and the mean time to germination increased, compared to the control treatment. But the seeds treated with GA3showed higher viability and better performance under salinity stress condition.

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STRATIFICATION AND PRIMING MAY IMPROVE SEED GERMINATION OF PURPLE CONEFLOWER, BLUE-FLAG IRIS AND EVENING PRIMROSE

Acta Horticulturae ◽

10.17660/actahortic.2004.629.50 ◽

2004 ◽

pp. 391-395 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

D. Wees

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Evening Primrose ◽

Purple Coneflower ◽

Improve Seed Germination

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Seed Source and Quality Influence Germination in Purple Coneflower [Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench.]

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.29.12.1443 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 29 (12) ◽

pp. 1443-1444 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

N. Wartidiningsih ◽

R.L. Geneve

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Echinacea Purpurea ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Physiological Maturity ◽

Seed Sources ◽

Purple Coneflower ◽

Temperature Regimes ◽

Two Temperature ◽

Effect Of Light

Six seed lots of purple coneflower were purchased from four commercial seed sources and evaluated for germination in either light or darkness in combination with two temperature regimes (constant 27C vs. alternating 30C for 8 hours and 20C for 16 hours). Seed lot differences accounted for the majority of variation, with two seed lots exhibiting high (81% to 91%) germination and the remaining seed lots having 39% to 66% germination. There was no effect of light on germination, regardless of the seed lot. However, alternating temperatures improved germination in one of the low-germination seed lots. Seed size and inflorescence position did not affect seed germination. Seed harvested at physiological maturity (maximum seed dry weight), but before drying had occurred, had a higher germination percentage than seeds harvested after desiccation, and they maintained a higher germination percentage even after 1 year in storage.

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Ethephon Can Overcome Seed Dormancy and Improve Seed Germination in Purple Coneflower Species Echinacea angustifolia and E. pallida

HortTechnology ◽

10.21273/horttech.11.2.202 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 202-205 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Ali O. Sari ◽

Mario R. Morales ◽

James E. Simon

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Echinacea Angustifolia ◽

Control Seed ◽

Seed Sources ◽

Germplasm Collections ◽

Purple Coneflower ◽

Production Problem ◽

Commercial Sources ◽

Improve Seed Germination

Low and erratic seed germination presents a major production problem in the medicinal plants that collectively are called echinacea or purple coneflower (Echinacea angustifolia and E. pallida). In this study, nine seed lots of each E. pallida and E. angustifolia from a wide variety of commercial sources and germplasm collections were collected and treated with a solution of 1.0 mm [144.5 mg·L-1 (ppm)] ethephon (2-chloroethylphosphoric acid) to determine whether ethephon would sufficiently improve seed germination to be used by industry to improve the quality of echinacea seed. Applicationof ethephon increased seed germination in both E. pallida and E. angustifolia seed lots regardless of seed sources. The increase in germination by ethephon in eight seed lots of E. pallida and four seed lots in E. angustifolia were statistically significant compared to the nontreated control seeds. The increases in germination were also significant across seed lots for both species. Average germination increases across all seed lots were 1271 and 29% for E. pallida and E. angustifolia, respectively. Average germination of ethephon treated-untreated control seed lots was 76% to 27% and 79% to 62% for E. pallida and E. angustifolia, respectively.

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IMPROVEMENT IN SEED GERMINATION IN PURPLE CONEFLOWER (ECHINACEA PURPUREA) AFTER COLD STRATIFICATION OR OSMOTIC PRIMING.

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1088c ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 25 (9) ◽

pp. 1088c-1088

Author(s):

N. Wartidiningsih ◽

Robert L. Geneve

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Field Tests ◽

Echinacea Purpurea ◽

Cold Stratification ◽

Stage Of Development ◽

Purple Coneflower ◽

Physiological Dormancy ◽

Wide Variability ◽

Percent Germination

Germination was evaluated in six seed lots of purple coneflower purchased from four different seed companies. Standard germination percent ranged from 28% to 90% depending on the seed lot. For seed collected in 1989, seed size and stage of development of the seed at harvest could not account for the wide variability in seed germination observed in the purchased seed lots. preconditioning the seed with either cold stratification (10°C for 10 days) or osmotic priming (PEG or salt solution at -5 bars for 5 days) increased the rate of germination and the overall percent germination for all seed lots and dramatically improved germination in the poor germinating seed lots. Preconditioning appears to overcome either a shallow physiological dormancy or compensates for seeds with poor vigor or quality. In either case, seed preconditioning drastically improved seed germination (rate and percent) in greenhouse and field tests for purple coneflower.

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Stratification Improves Seed Germination of Five Native Wildflower Species

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.28.9.899 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 28 (9) ◽

pp. 899-901 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Carlma B. Bratcher ◽

John M. Dole ◽

Janet C. Cole

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Seed Viability ◽

Echinacea Purpurea ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Triphenyl Tetrazolium Chloride ◽

Tetrazolium Chloride ◽

Purple Coneflower ◽

Viable Seeds ◽

Seeds Germination

The germination responses of wild blue indigo [Baptisia australis (L.) R. Br.], purple coneflower [Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench.], Maximilian sunflower (Helianthus maximiliani Schrad.), spike goldenrod (Solidago petiolaris Ait.), and Missouri ironweed (Vernonia missurica Raf.) seeds after 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, or 10 weeks of stratification at 5C were investigated. Seed viability was determined using triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining and germination based on the percentage of viable seeds. Germination percentage (GP) increased in all five species as weeks of stratification increased. Days to first germination and germination range (days from first to last germinating seed) decreased with increasing weeks of stratification, but the effect beyond 4 to 6 weeks was minimal. The number of weeks of stratification for maximum GP was 4 for purple coneflower, 6 for Maximilian sunflower, 8 for Missouri ironweed, and 10 for wild blue indigo and spike goldenrod.

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Rate and Uniformity of Herbaceous Perennial Seed Germination and Emergence as Affected by Priming

Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science ◽

10.21273/jashs.116.1.10 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 116 (1) ◽

pp. 10-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Dina Margaret Samfield ◽

Jayne M. Zajicek ◽

B. Greg Cobb

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Potassium Phosphate ◽

Echinacea Purpurea ◽

Stress Conditions ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Purple Coneflower ◽

Herbaceous Perennial

Seeds of tickseed (Coreopsis lanceolata L.) and purple coneflower [Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench] were primed in aerated solutions of distilled water or 50 or 100 mM salt (potassium phosphate, pH 7.0) at 16C for 3, 6, 9, or 12 days. Coreopsis seeds primed in the 50 mM buffer germinated the most rapidly and uniformly, and, under stress conditions in the greenhouse, resulted in a faster-growing, more-uniform crop than other treatments. Seeds primed in distilled water and the 50 mM buffer germinated faster and at higher rates at suboptimal temperatures in the laboratory than nonprimed seeds. Priming of Echinacea purpurea seeds for 6 or 9 days in distilled water or in the 50 mM buffer resulted in faster, more-uniform germination than other treatments. Seedling emergence under stress conditions was improved by all priming regimes, with best emergence occurring in treatments that lasted > 3 days. Priming also increased germination rates of E. purpurea at suboptimal temperatures in the laboratory.

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