Correlation between Physico-Mechanical Properties of NR-BR Blends in Tire Tread Formulation with their Thermal Behaviors

2008 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Taghvaei-Ganjali ◽  
Fereshteh Motiee ◽  
Farsa Fotoohi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Peak Height Ratio ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Thermal Behaviors ◽  
Degradation Temperature ◽  
Rubber Compounds ◽  
Successful Technique

Abstract Thermal analysis provides a successful technique for the characterization and identification of rubber compounds. In this study, TGA (thermogravimetric analysis) and DTG (TGA derivative) profiles are used to predict and define the physico-mechanical properties of natural rubber — butadiene rubber (NR / BR) blends, using their thermal behaviors. DTG curves of vulcanizate showed that the initial degradation temperature of NR is lower than BR. According to TGA-DTG profiles we have demonstrated two useful factors, ΔTmax (Tmax BR100−Tmax BRX) and peak height ratio of NR-BR blends which are correlated with physico-mechanical properties of blends.

"High-pressure" liquid chromatography of sulfisoxazole and N4-acetylsulfisoxazole in body fluids.

1980 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-54
Author(s):  
D Jung ◽  
S Oie
Keyword(s):  
Internal Standard ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Absolute Methanol ◽  
Peak Height Ratio ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Studies ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Calculated Concentration ◽  
Supernatant Solution ◽  
Clinical Drug ◽  
Clear Supernatant

Abstract We describe a simple, rapid chromatographic method for separating and quantitatively determining sulfisoxazole and its N4-acetyl metabolite in plasma and urine. A 100-micro L sample of plasma or urine is combined with 200 micro L of a solution containing 12 mg/L of the internal standard, N4-acetylsulfamethoxazole, in absolute methanol and centrifuged to obtain a clear supernatant solution. This solution is then eluted through a 10-micron microparticulate column with a mobile phase of 32/68 (by vol) methanol/sodium acetate buffer (0.01 mol/L, pH 4.7), at a flow rate of 1.2 mL/min. The eluted sompounds are detected by their absorption at 254 nm. We calculated concentration from the peak-height ratios of sulfisoxazole or N4-acetylsulfisoxazole to N4-acetylsulfamethoxazole. The peak-height ratio was linear with concentration in the range 0.05--200 mg/L for both drug and metabolite in plasma and urine. Because this assay can be completed within 30 min of obtaining a blood or urine sample, it should be a valuable tool in clinical drug monitoring and pharmacokinetic studies.

Micro-analysis for quinidine in serum by thin-layer chromatography followed by fluorescence densitometry.

1983 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 2100-2102 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Kelner ◽  
D N Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Peak Height Ratio ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Micro Analysis ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Abstract We report a thin-layer-chromatographic micro-analysis for quinidine in serum, with detection by fluorescence densitometry. Quinidine is extracted from 20 microL of serum at pH 13 into 3 mL of hexane/acetone solution (80/20 by vol) containing N-(1-naphthyl)ethylenediamine as internal standard. The extract is concentrated and applied to silica-gel-impregnated plates for conventional thin-layer chromatography. Quinidine is identified from its RF value and quantified from the peak-height ratio between quinidine and the internal standard, relative to that of simultaneously extracted serum standards. The proposed assay is sensitive (to 0.2 mg/L), specific for unmetabolized quinidine, precise (between-run coefficients of variation less than 6%), and readily adaptable to large-scale "batch" analysis. Peak-height ratio is linearly related to concentration to at least 20 mg/L. Quinidine concentrations in the serum of patients, as measured by the proposed method (x) and by a traditional double-extraction spectrofluorometric assay (y), were related as follows: y = 0.994x + 0.276 (r = 0.989, n = 20).

Influence of Aromatic Content in Rubber Processing Oils on Viscoelastic Behaviour and Mechanical Properties of Styrene-Butadiene-Rubber (SBR) for Tyre Tread Applications

2013 ◽  
Vol 747 ◽  
pp. 471-474
Author(s):  
Yotwadee Chokanandsombat ◽  
Pongdhorn Sea-Oui ◽  
Chakrit Sirisinha
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Aromatic Content ◽  
Rubber Compounds ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Styrene Butadiene ◽  
Aromatic Oils

In recent years, the increasing concern on the toxicity of highly aromatic oils has been incentive to the development of rubber process oils (RPOs) which are more environmentally-friendly. Many alternative eco-friendly RPOs have been tested with the aims of selecting the most suitable replacement for these highly aromatic oils. As a consequence, in order to achieve both environmental friendliness and effective rubber compounding, the aromatic content in RPOs must be optimised. In the present study, the experiments have been carried out to investigate the effects of aromatic and polycyclic aromatic compounds (PCAs) contents in RPOs on processability and mechanical properties of styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) compounds and vulcanisates. Results obtained suggest that the presence of RPOs leads to a decreased compound viscosity, and thus an enhanced processability. By incorporating the RPOs into SBR compounds, some mechanical properties including elongation at break and tear strength of cured SBR can be improved, particularly for the RPOs with high aromatic content. It is believed to be attributed to the increased compatibility between RPOs and SBR matrix. Nevertheless, the aromatic and PCA contents play little or insignificant role on the crosslink density and bulk viscosity of rubber compounds as well as hardness and compression set of vulcanisates.

A simplified and rapid test for acetylator phenotyping by use of the peak height ratio of two urinary caffeine metabolites.

1989 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 848-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
A el-Yazigi ◽  
K Chaleby ◽  
C R Martin
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Test ◽  
Acetylator Phenotype ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Slow Acetylators ◽  
Peak Height Ratio ◽  
Saudi Population ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic

Abstract We describe a simplified liquid-chromatographic test in which acetylator phenotype is determined by measuring the peak height ratio of two urinary caffeine metabolites, 5-acetylamino-6-formylamino-3-methyluracil and 1-methylxanthine. We applied this test to determine the acetylator phenotypes of 52 subjects who regularly drink coffee, tea, or caffeinated beverages. Also, we determined the acetylator phenotypes of these subjects according to a well-established sulfasalazine test, which yielded identical results. We established the reproducibility of the described test by determining the acetylator phenotypes of 10 additional subjects on two different days separated by a period of two to five weeks. Of the 52 subjects examined by both tests, 40 (76.9%) were classified as slow acetylators, which agrees well with the percentage reported elsewhere for 297 similar subjects from the Saudi population.

Concordance and population studies along with stutter and peak height ratio analysis for the PowerPlex® ESX 17 and ESI 17 Systems

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn R. Hill ◽  
David L. Duewer ◽  
Margaret C. Kline ◽  
Cynthia J. Sprecher ◽  
Robert S. McLaren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Studies ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Peak Height Ratio ◽  
Ratio Analysis ◽  
Height Ratio

scholarly journals The beta /alpha peak height ratio of ATP. A measure of free [Mg2+] using 31P NMR.

1996 ◽  
Vol 271 (43) ◽  
pp. 27188
Author(s):  
Kieran Clarke ◽  
Yoshihiro Kashiwaya ◽  
M. Todd King ◽  
Denise Gates ◽  
Claudia A. Keon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
31P Nmr ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Peak Height Ratio ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Alpha Peak

scholarly journals The Effect of Waste Fodder Potato Proteins on the Mechanical Properties of Carboxylated Acrylonitrile-Butadiene Rubber

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Mirosława Prochoń ◽  
Anita Przepiórkowska ◽  
Yves-Herve Tshela Ntumba
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Current Investigation ◽  
Rubber Compound ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Rubber Compounds ◽  
Equilibrium Swelling ◽  
Starch Industry

The current investigation treats about the influence of waste fodder potato proteins (WFPP) recovered from the starch industry on the mechanical-properties of carboxylated acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (XNBR). WFPP were characterized and used as a filler of the above mentioned XNBR rubber without or after blending with zinc oxide. The obtained rubber compounds were cured, and mechanical properties such as tensile strength, hardness, and cross-linking density were investigated. It was found that the introduction of WFPP previously blended with zinc oxide into rubber compound increases the cross-linking density of the obtained composites, compared with the vulcanizate without protein, which in turn increases the mechanical properties of the obtained vulcanizates. That occurs thanks to the formation of ion nodes, as testified by equilibrium swelling. The introduction of WFPP into the elastomer matrix also increases the susceptibility of the elastomer to biodecomposition.

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