scholarly journals MONITORING OF TRITIUM POLLUTION OF THE SHAGAN RIVER WATERS

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
M. R. Aktayev ◽  
A. O. Aidarkhanov ◽  
A. K. Aidarkhanova ◽  
S. S. Pronin ◽  
A. O. Iskenov
Keyword(s):  
Specific Activity ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
River Waters ◽  
Ground Waters ◽  
Semipalatinsk Test Site ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Irtysh River ◽  
The Irtysh River

The article presents the results of monitoring the waters of the Shagan river on the change in the specific activity of tritium for 2016–2020. The Shagan river is the longest surface watercourse on the territory of the Semipalatinsk Test Site, flowing along the eastern part of the Balapan site, where, together with the tributary, the Ashisu, flows into the “Atomic Lake”. Further, at a distance of 110 km downstream, the river forms a left-bank tributary of the Irtysh river. Previous studies have revealed and repeatedly confirmed the fact of radioactive contamination of the surface and ground waters of the Shagan river technogenic radionuclide 3H. It was revealed that the main source of pollution is groundwater entering the surface waters of the river. In this regard, in order to ensure long-term monitoring of 3H pollution of river waters, seasonal monitoring was carried out in three sections of the river located along its channel, starting from the outlet from the “Atomic Lake” heap and further downstream to the confluence with the Irtysh river.As a result of the observations, it was found that the specific activity of 3H in surface and ground waters, depending on the observation time, varies in a wide range of values. So, in the area of maximum pollution, the content of 3H changes from the minimum – 8 Bq/kg in the spring, to the maximum 370 000 Bq/kg in the summer-autumn period. At the exit points of the Shagan river outside the landfill, the concentration of 3H varies from 90 Bq/kg to 12 400 Bq/kg. In the area of the confluence of the Shagan river in Irtysh river content of 3H does not exceed 110 Bq/kg.

Studying the effect of the Semipalatinsk Test Site on radionuclide and elemental composition of water objects in the Irtysh River

2015 ◽  
Vol 164 (4) ◽  
pp. 548-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Solodukhin ◽  
A. Aidarkhanov ◽  
S. Lukashenko ◽  
V. Gluchshenko ◽  
V. Poznyak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Semipalatinsk Test Site ◽  
Irtysh River ◽  
The Irtysh River

scholarly journals Environmental factors influence on leeches distribution in the middle reaches of the Irtysh River

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 159-164
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Ivanovna Fedorova
Keyword(s):  
Natural Waters ◽  
Metallurgical Industry ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Landscape Characteristics ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Irtysh River ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Irtysh River

The Irtysh River is a transboundary watercourse that exhibits a wide range of climatic conditions, environments and ecological niches. As a result of the technogenic impact of industrial enterprises on surface and underground waters all the main tributaries of the middle reaches of the river Irtysh are in different degrees of pollution. Due to the impact of sewage and other wastes from the mining and metallurgical industry, in the waters of the river basin Irtysh the concentration excess of a number of toxic metals is observed. Among the invertebrates used to assess the state of natural waters, representatives of the Annelida type are often used. Since annelids are among the most common organisms on Earth, this makes it possible to study them in many regions and to assess the specificity of the impact and compare the impact of various pollutants in similar natural and climatic zones. It is known that the distribution of freshwater leeches is largely determined by natural and climatic conditions, landscape characteristics and the specifics of trophic connections, etc. In this case, the most important parameters are the physicochemical properties of water. This paper provides information on the factors influencing the species composition and structural indicators of leech communities living in the middle reaches of the Irtysh River.

Analysis on Evolution Characteristics of Irtysh River in Xinjiang Based on RS and GIS

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 4068-4073
Author(s):  
Dong Li Chen ◽  
Long Mei Gan
Keyword(s):  
Oxbow Lake ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Rs And Gis ◽  
Average Curvature ◽  
Evolution Characteristics ◽  
Geomorphic Features ◽  
Irtysh River ◽  
The Irtysh River

Based on multi-spectrum satellite remote sensing (RS) images and GIS, the evolution characteristics of Irtysh River in Xinjiang were analyzed. The results show that the Irtysh River is a composite meander integrated by valley meander and free meander according to the geomorphic features formed by meandering. Judging from the characteristics of this river, the average slope of riverbeds is 0.5188 ‰; the average curvature is 1.72. By observing dry oxbow lake sites, right bank swung more violently than left bank in historical period. Since 1972, 23 reaches were cutoff; 15 reaches’ concave banks expanded; 55 tributaries broke away from the main riverway because of flow cutoff; 94 reaches moved to downstream. These changes increased sharply since 1997 after the construction of key water control project in the upstream of the Irtysh River.

scholarly journals Effect of tritium on the morpho-anatomical structure of the common reed (Phragmites australis)

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-145
Author(s):  
A.B. Yankauskas ◽  
◽  
N.V. Larionova ◽  
A.N. Shatrov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Common Reed ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Semipalatinsk Test Site ◽  
The Common ◽  
Anatomical Parameters

The article presents the results of research on the morpho-anatomical structure of the plants growing under chronic exposure to ionizing radiation. The research was conducted in the territory of the Semipalatinsk test site in the vicinity of the Shagan river. The radioecological situation in the study area is determined by the presence of the long-lived radionuclides 3H, 90Sr, 239+240Pu in components comprising the natural environment. The main contributor to the radioactive contam-ination of the nature components is 3H. The findings of the study show that when 3H specific activ-ity in the free water of the common reed grass increases to n103-n105 Bq/kg, some anatomical parameters of its cane and leaf are reduced. The study also shows that with the increase in triti-um specific activity from n102 to n105 Bq/kg the anatomical parameters of the cane (scleren-chyma, cane diameter) decrease. When the specific activity of tritium increases to n104 Bq/kg, the leaf anatomical parameters are reduced. When specific activity of 3H increases to n105 Bq/kg there is the general tendency to the insignificant increase in anatomical parameters.

scholarly journals CYTOGENETIC CHANGES IN SCHOOLCHILDREN RESIDING IN ECOLOGICALLY ADVERSE REGIONS OF KAZAKHSTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (35) ◽  
pp. 1137-1147
Author(s):  
Sholpan BAKHTIYAROVA ◽  
Bolatbek ZHAKSYMOV ◽  
Unzira KAPYSHEVA ◽  
Oksana CHEREDNICHENKO
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Genetic Load ◽  
Test Site ◽  
The Body ◽  
Aral Sea ◽  
Semipalatinsk Test Site ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Younger Generation

In Kazakhstan, due to the strengthening of the geopolitical role in the international arena and active industrial development, negative environmental impacts have intensified in recent years. Many regions are environmentally unfavorable and carry the risk of an increase in the incidence of living in these conditions of the population. Numerous deviations in the health of the community create the conditions for genetic polymorphism and the growth of certain groups of diseases characteristic of regions with environmental pollution. Long-term environmental pollution is the reason for the increase in the rate of the mutation process and the volume of the genetic load in the human population. The purpose of this study is to show the influence of dominant environmental factors in distant regions of Kazakhstan on cytogenetic disturbances in the body of the younger generation. Students from different schools aged 16 to 18 years living near the Semipalatinsk test site of the East Kazakhstan region and in the Aral region of the Kyzylorda region took part in the studies. The results of the study show that the oral epithelial cells in two-thirds of the examined adolescents living in environmentally unfavorable conditions either near the Semipalatinsk Test Site or in the Aral Sea region of Kazakhstan revealed a wide range of cytogenetic disorders. The most significant percentage of violations associated with the formation of micronuclei, protrusions, and apoptosis, was detected in urban students living 150 km from the Semipalatinsk Test Site. When comparing the data of urban and rural students, the predominant development of cytological disorders was revealed, such as nuclear destruction (karyorrhexis, karyolysis, and apoptosis) in rural adolescents, which indicates the ongoing negative impact of the closed Semipalatinsk Test Site and the salinization of the Aral Sea on the health of the younger generation of children.

Basic principles for assessing the safety of fish products from the ponds exposed to the influence of nuclear fuel cycle enterprises

2019 ◽  
pp. 106-114
Author(s):  
A. V. Trapeznikov ◽  
V. N. Trapeznikova ◽  
A. V. Korzhavin ◽  
V. N. Nikolkin ◽  
A. P. Plataev
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cycle ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
River System ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Fish Products ◽  
Permissible Levels ◽  
Irtysh River

Relevance. In connection with the development of nuclear energy, many aquatic ecosystems have been exposed to radioactive substances. Fish, as an element of biota, is capable to accumulate radionuclides. However, fish is a traditional food. The control of the technogenic radionuclides accumulation level in the ichthyofauna is an important link in ensuring human security.Intention. To analyze the long-term data on the content of long-lived technogenic radionuclides 90Sr and 137Cs in the ichthyofauna of the Ob-Irtysh river system for the period from 2004 to 2016 and Beloyarsky pond for the period from 1977 to 2018.Methodology. Fish as a food product was assessed according to two criteria: a) permissible levels of specific activity of radionuclides (SanPiN 2.3.2.1078-01); b) using the indicator of conformity B and the uncertainty of its definition В (GOST 32161-2013 and GOST 32163-2013).Results and Discussion. Fish of all species that live in the river Tetcha, is not suitable for food use according to the criteria of SanPiN 2.3.2.1078-01, GOST 32161-2013 and GOST 32163-2013. The fish of the Ob-Irtysh river system, the habitat of which is located outside the Tetcha, meets the requirements for fish products. In the period from 1977 to 1989 in the Beloyarsk pond the accumulations of technogenic radionuclides in fish in quantities exceeding sanitary and hygienic standards were possible. Currently, the fish of the Beloyarsky pond fully complies with the sanitary and hygienic requirements for the radiation factor and is safe for human consumption.Conclusion. In the ponds exposed to the atomic energy enterprises, it is necessary to continuously monitor the content of long-lived technogenic radionuclides in fish and assess their amount in accordance with the requirements of SanPiN 2.3.2.1078-01 and using the conformity indicator В and the uncertainty of its determination В. 

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