scholarly journals Features of gas composition and acid-base state of blood in newborns with intrauterine infections

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-65
Author(s):  
K. I. Ismoilov ◽  
Sh. S. Muzaffarov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Gases ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Hyperventilation Syndrome ◽  
Base Balance ◽  
Blood Gas Parameters ◽  
Buffer States ◽  
Intrauterine Infections

Aim. To study the features of the gas composition and acid-base state in newborns with specific intrauterine infections.Material and methods. The examination was conducted based on the neonatal pathology unit of the SI NMCShifobakhsh.The degree of oxygenation of blood and skin was determined using daily pulse-oximetry. The partial pressure of gases and the study of the acid-base state (CBS) of blood was carried out using Convergys/liquid device.Result and discussion. The results of our study of blood gases and the acid-base indicator of blood in newborns with severe IUI showed noticeable hypoxemia, moderate hypercapnia, and a deficiency of buffer States, which indicate a violation of gas exchange function in the lungs with the development of compensatory respiratory-metabolic acidosis in children of this group. In patients with a very severe course of IUI, as the syndrome of respiratory disorders and the severity of hyperventilation syndrome increased, deeper changes in blood gas parameters and the acid-base state of the blood were noted. It indicates significant damage to the ventilation function of the lungs, diffuse perfusion processes, gas, and acid-base homeostasis.Conclusions. Impairment of the function of organs and systems that developed against the background of a severe or very severe course of IUI, depending on the degree of severity of deviations in blood gas parameters and acid-base balance, shows the need for adequate corrective therapy.

Blood Gas Analysis and the Fundamentals of Acid-Base Balance

2009 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Farmand
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Blood Gases ◽  
Blood Gas Analysis ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Bedside Nurse ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Neonatal Nursing ◽  
Base Balance

UNDERSTANDING BLOOD GAS values and acid-base balance are fundamental skills of neonatal nursing. This is because, in the NICU, blood gases are probably ordered more than any other laboratory test. The bedside nurse not only obtains the specimen, but is also crucially involved in interpreting the results because blood gases cannot stand alone; they need to be evaluated in the context of the entire clinical picture. This article provides basic information on the components of a blood gas, acid-base balance, as well as a systematic approach to blood gas analysis.

THE APPLICAT ION OF HEMOPERFUSION WITH PERITON ITIS IN CHILDREN: CORRECTION OF GAS CO MPOSITION AND AC ID-BASE BALANCE OF THE BLOOD

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-90
Author(s):  
Ruslan Yackubtsevich ◽  
Uladzimir Serhiyenka ◽  
Alexander Khmialenka ◽  
Rusla Yackubtsevich ◽  
Jerzy Robert Ładny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Period ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Early Postoperative Period ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Base Balance

Introduction: The gas composition and acid-base balance of blood play a main role in assessing the patient in critical condition. Estimating the dynamics of acid-base balance, one can judge the severity of pathology and the adequacy of therapeutic measures. The aim: to determine the effect of hemoperfusion on the gas composition and acid-base balance of blood in children with severe forms of peritonitis. Material and methods: The study was performed on the basis of a prospective analysis of acid-base balance of blood and blood gas composition of 30 patients in the early postoperative period with severe forms of peritonitis, who were treated in the Department of anesthesiology and intensive care of the Grodno regional children’s clinical hospital. This study was conducted in accordance with the standards of bioethics, was approved by the ethical Committee of the institution and complies with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. Results and conclusions: This article describes the methodology of hemoperfusion in children, analyzed the dynamics of changes in the basic parameters of acid-base balance and blood gas composition in the early postoperative period with severe forms of peritonitis during hemoperfusion. The positive dynamics of laboratory data obtained as a result of the study proves the high effectiveness of the use of antiproteinase biospecific hemosorbent. The use of biospecific hemoperfusion as an additional method in the complex therapy of peritonitis gives a real opportunity to improve the results of treatment of this category of patients.

Monitoring of blood gas parameters and acid-base balance of pregnant and non-pregnant rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) in routine experimental conditions

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Barzago ◽  
A. Bortolotti ◽  
D. Omarini ◽  
J. J. Aramayona ◽  
M. Bonati
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Oryctolagus Cuniculus ◽  
Housing Conditions ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Base Balance ◽  
Blood Gas Parameters

Blood gas parameters and acid-base balance values were determined in adult pregnant New Zealand rabbits ( Oryctolagus cuniculus) in standard laboratory housing conditions and during anaesthesia with an association of ketamine-chlorpromazine, administered before surgical procedures. All the variables were also studied in adult non-pregnant female, used as controls. No differences in pH, sO2c, O2Hb, COHb, sO2m and a-vDO2 were found between pregnant and non-pregnant rabbits in physiological conditions and during anaesthesia. Ketamine-chlorpromazine and pregnancy seemed to change the other parameters used to assess the acid-base balance and the oxygenation conditions. Anaesthesia affected only Hb, O2Ct, O2Cap, CcO2 and P50. The additive effect of pregnancy and anaesthesia modified pCO2, pO2, HCO3-, TCO2, BEb, SBC, BEecf, A-aDO2, RI, MetHb, RHb, CaO2 and CvO2. The patterns described are close to those of other species, suggesting the New Zealand rabbit might be a reliable animal model for monitoring selected variables.

scholarly journals Interpretation of arterial blood gases

Pulse ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
CP Dokwal
Keyword(s):  
Blood Gases ◽  
The Body ◽  
Respiratory Physiology ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Arterial Blood Gas ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Base Balance ◽  
Life Threatening

Measuring arterial blood gas is routinely performed in critically ill patients, and may unravel severe life-threatening acid-base disorders or hypoxemia. It provides the vital information about ventilation, oxygenation, and acid-base status in such persons. These three processes are intimately related to each other in achieving normal oxygenation and acid-balance in the body.The interpretation of arterial blood gas requires a reasonable understanding of respiratory physiology and acid-base balance in the body. Hence, in the following section, first the role of alveolar ventilation, oxygenation, and the maintenance of acid-base homeostasis have been discussed. This is followed by a step-wise approach to analyze the acid-base disorders, if present.DOI: 10.3329/pulse.v3i1.6547Pulse Vol.3(1) July 2009 p15-19

Acid-base balance in the developing marsupial: from ectotherm to endotherm

2014 ◽  
Vol 116 (9) ◽  
pp. 1210-1219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah J. Andrewartha ◽  
Kevin J. Cummings ◽  
Peter B. Frappell
Keyword(s):  
Large Body ◽  
Blood Gases ◽  
Tammar Wallaby ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Base Balance

Marsupial joeys are born ectothermic and develop endothermy within their mother's thermally stable pouch. We hypothesized that Tammar wallaby joeys would switch from α-stat to pH-stat regulation during the transition from ectothermy to endothermy. To address this, we compared ventilation (V̇e), metabolic rate (V̇o2), and variables relevant to blood gas and acid-base regulation and oxygen transport including the ventilatory requirements (V̇e/V̇o2 and V̇e/V̇co2), partial pressures of oxygen (PaO2), carbon dioxide (PaCO2), pHa, and oxygen content (CaO2) during progressive hypothermia in ecto- and endothermic Tammar wallabies. We also measured the same variables in the well-studied endotherm, the Sprague-Dawley rat. Hypothermia was induced in unrestrained, unanesthetized joeys and rats by progressively dropping the ambient temperature (Ta). Rats were additionally exposed to helox (80% helium, 20% oxygen) to facilitate heat loss. Respiratory, metabolic, and blood-gas variables were measured over a large body temperature (Tb) range (∼15–16°C in both species). Ectothermic joeys displayed limited thermogenic ability during cooling: after an initial plateau, V̇o2 decreased with the progressive drop in Tb. The Tb of endothermic joeys and rats fell despite V̇o2 nearly doubling with the initiation of cold stress. In all three groups the changes in V̇o2 were met by changes in V̇e, resulting in constant V̇e/V̇o2 and V̇e/V̇co2, blood gases, and pHa. Thus, although thermogenic capability was nearly absent in ectothermic joeys, blood acid-base regulation was similar to endothermic joeys and rats. This suggests that unlike some reptiles, unanesthetized mammals protect arterial blood pH with changing Tb, irrespective of their thermogenic ability and/or stage of development.

scholarly journals Clinical and Laboratory Correlates of Acute Respiratory Failure in Patients with COVID-19 Depending on the Values of Transcutaneous Saturation

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
O. V. Voennov ◽  
V. I. Zagrekov ◽  
А. А. Ezhevskaya ◽  
Zh. B. Prusakova ◽  
O. N. Gunderchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Oxygen Therapy ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure ◽  
Base Balance ◽  
The Relationship

With a traditional approach to treatment of hypoxemic respiratory failure, it is believed that SpO2 reduction below 88-90% during oxygen therapy requires emergency care including invasive mechanical ventilation. However, the manifestations of hypoxemic respiratory failure in COVID-19 patients have certain features that have led to the change in the traditional respiratory support procedure. The therapeutic goals of respiratory support in this category of patients require clarification.The objective: in patients with COVID-19, to study the relationship of transcutaneous saturation values with clinical indicators that characterize ARF, the state of acid-base balance and blood gas composition.Subjects and methods. A multicenter prospective observational study included 90 COVID-19 patients treated in ICU whose transcutaneous saturation (SpO2) values were below 93% despite treatment. Depending on the degree of impaired oxygenation, patients underwent oxygen therapy through a mask or nasal cannula, high-flow oxygenation or non-invasive ventilation, while it was not always possible to achieve the target values of oxygenation parameters. The patients were divided into the following groups: Group 1 ‒ SpO2 above 93%, Group 2 ‒ SpO2 within 93–90%, Group 3 ‒ SpO2 within 85–89%, Group 4‒ SpO2 within 80–84%, Group 5 ‒ SpO2 within 75–79%, and Group 6 – below 75%.Results. It was revealed that during ARF management by noninvasive methods, different values of transcutaneous saturation and corresponding changes in the acid-base balance (ABB) and blood gas composition were determined When transcutaneous saturation (SpO2) decreased to 85%, there was a corresponding moderate decrease in PaO2 while no metabolic changes occurred. As a rule, there were no obvious clinical signs of respiratory failure (silent hypoxia). In patients with SpO2 reduction down 80–85%, clinical signs of respiratory failure (dyspnea, tachypnea, agitation) and, as a rule, a moderate increase in PаCO2 with the development of respiratory acidosis and compensatory metabolic alkalosis were noted. When SpO2 decreased down to 75–79%, arterial hypoxemia was usually accompanied by moderate hypercapnia and the development of decompensated mixed acidosis and venous desaturation as well as increased lactate levels. With transcutaneous saturation going below 74%, these changes were even more pronounced and were observed in all patients of this group.Conclusion. The revealed changes are mostly consistent with generally accepted ideas about the relationship between values of transcutaneous saturation and blood gas composition and parameters of blood ABB in the case of ARF. Reduction of transcutaneous saturation down to 85% not accompanied by pronounced clinical signs of respiratory failure (dyspnea, tachypnea, agitation), development of acidosis and venous desaturation, and the elevated lactate level can be regarded as relatively safe.

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