scholarly journals The impact of high and low atmospheric pressure in the Jordanian environment on some physiological variable for runners .

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 364
Author(s):  
Baker Thnibat
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Oxygen Consumption Rate ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Training Groups ◽  
Low Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
The Impact ◽  
High Atmospheric Pressure

<p>The study aimed at identifying the impact of difference between the areas of high atmospheric pressure in the Jordanian environment on some physiological variable ( estimating maximal oxygen consumption , estimating rate of Energy expenditure, and hemoglobin ,vital capacity), for runners .</p><p>  The study sample consisted of (16) athletes who practice ( middle and long – distance running). A number of statistical methods were used to answer the questions of the study ( arithmetic means , standard deviations , Mann.Whiteny test ,and the result of Kolmogorov – Smirnov tests ) .</p><p>  The study result concluded that there was apriority for the measurements which were conducted on the training groups of low atmospheric pressure in comparison with the other group, with regard to the  variables (maximal oxygen consumption , rate of Energy expenditure, and hemoglobin). The study result also showed that there was apriority for the measurements which were conducted on the training groups of high  atmospheric pressure in comparison with the other group, regarding  to the  variables (maximal oxygen consumption , rate of Energy expenditure, and hemoglobin).in the areas of high  atmospheric pressure.</p><p>The study result also suggested that ther were no statistically significant differences between two training groups with regard to the study variables of (maximal oxygen consumption , rate of Energy expenditure, and hemoglobin ,vital capacity), were measured in  of high atmospheric pressure areas .</p><p>The study recommended about building sports facilities that simulate the areas of low atmospheric pressure , because of the expected role that the factors would play in improving some physiological variables .</p>

scholarly journals Exosomal microRNA-503-3p derived from macrophages represses glycolysis and promotes mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in breast cancer cells by elevating DACT2

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shulin Huang ◽  
Peizhi Fan ◽  
Chaojie Zhang ◽  
Jing Xie ◽  
Xiaowen Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Oxidative Phosphorylation ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Oxygen Consumption Rate ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation ◽  
Atp Level ◽  
Glucose Intake ◽  
The Impact

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging drivers in tumor progression, while the role of miR-503-3p in breast cancer (BC) remains largely unknown. We aimed to explore the impact of macrophage-derived exosomal miR-503-3p in the development of BC by regulating disheveled-associated binding antagonist of beta-catenin 2 (DACT2). miR-503-3p and DACT2 expression in BC tissues and cells was assessed, and the expression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway-related proteins in BC cells was also evaluated. Macrophages were induced and exosomes were extracted. The screened BC cell lines were, respectively, treated with exosomes, miR-503-3p inhibitor/mimic or upregulated/inhibited DACT2, and then the phenotypes, glucose intake, oxygen consumption rate, and adenosine-triphosphate (ATP) level of BC cells were determined. Cell growth in vivo was also observed. MiR-503-3p was elevated, DACT2 was reduced, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was activated in BC cells. Macrophage-derived exosomes, upregulated miR-503-3p or inhibited DACT2 promoted malignant behaviors of BC cells, glucose intake, and activity of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, while repressed oxygen consumption rate and ATP level in BC cells. Reversely, reduced miR-503-3p or upregulated DACT2 exerted opposite effects. This study revealed that reduction of macrophage-derived exosomal miR-503-3p repressed glycolysis and promoted mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in BC by elevating DACT2 and inactivating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Our research may provide novel targets for BC treatment.

scholarly journals Ergonomical Assessment on Hand Operated Chaff Cutter by Rural Women Workers

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 490-495
Author(s):  
Sathish Akki ◽  
◽  
Nirmala Bangi ◽  
Suresh Batta ◽  
Nagaraj Basani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Pulse Rate ◽  
Oxygen Consumption Rate ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Female Workers ◽  
Expenditure Rate ◽  
Female Subjects

A study was conducted to ease the fodder cutting operations a commercially available hand chaff cutter (Sokhiya Agricultural Industries, Jaipur, India) during 2019–20 in the Department of Farm Machinery and Power Engineering at College of Agricultural Engineering, Sangareddy, Telangana, India. The assessment was done using with 3 different age group female workers who regularly feed to the animals to assess its suitability for workers of the southern region of India. The parameters used for the Ergonomical evaluation include machine operation at different forces are heart rate, pulse rate, oxygen consumption rate, and energy expenditure rate. The average heart rate for female subjects of P1, P2 and P3 was recorded before the operation is 79, 76 and 81 beats min-1 and after the operation is 109, 108 and 113 beats min-1 for various fodders. The average pulse rate for female subjects of P1, P2, and P3 was recorded before the operation is 62, 68, and 63 beats min-1 and after the operation is 80, 80, and 82 beats min-1 for various fodders. The average oxygen consumption rate and energy expenditure rate of female subjects of P1, P2 and P3 were found to be 0.61, 0.59 and 0.66 liter min-1, and 12.68, 12.36 and 13.74 KJ min-1 respectively after operation of chaff cutter. The physiological parameters are heart rate, pulse rate, oxygen consumption rate, and energy consumption rate increased more rapidly for all age group female workers after operation of chaff cutter with 3 various fodders.

scholarly journals A novel estimate of ocean oxygen utilisation points to a reduced rate of respiration in the ocean interior

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 7723-7738 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Duteil ◽  
W. Koeve ◽  
A. Oschlies ◽  
D. Bianchi ◽  
E. Galbraith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Oxygen Consumption Rate ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Ventilation Rate ◽  
Upper Ocean ◽  
Observational Dataset ◽  
Oxygen Utilisation ◽  
Ocean Models ◽  
Reduced Rate ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The Apparent Oxygen Utilisation (AOU) is a classical measure of the amount of oxygen respired in the ocean's interior. We show that AOU systematically overestimates True Oxygen Utilisation (TOU) in 6 coupled circulation-biogeochemical ocean models. This is due to atmosphere–ocean oxygen disequilibria in the subduction regions, consistent with previous work. We develop a simple, new, observationally-based approach which we call Evaluated Oxygen Utilisation (EOU). In this approach, we take into account the impact of the upper ocean oxygen disequilibria into the interior, considering that transport takes place predominantly along isopycnal surfaces. The EOU approximates the TOU with less than half of the bias of AOU in all 6 models despite large differences in the physical and biological components of the models. Applying the EOU approach to a global observational dataset yields an oxygen consumption rate 25% lower than that derived from AOU-based estimates, for a given ventilation rate.

scholarly journals Muscle Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Reverse Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Mouse Myotubes

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2544
Author(s):  
Kyle T. Shuler ◽  
Brittany E. Wilson ◽  
Eric R. Muñoz ◽  
Andrew D. Mitchell ◽  
Joshua T. Selsby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Oxygen Consumption Rate ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Subsequent Treatment ◽  
Muscle Stem Cell ◽  
Respiratory Capacity

Muscle stem cells (MuSCs) hold great potential as a regenerative therapeutic but have met numerous challenges in treating systemic muscle diseases. Muscle stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MuSC-EVs) may overcome these limitations. We assessed the number and size distribution of extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by MuSCs ex vivo, determined the extent to which MuSC-EVs deliver molecular cargo to myotubes in vitro, and quantified MuSC-EV-mediated restoration of mitochondrial function following oxidative injury. MuSCs released an abundance of EVs in culture. MuSC-EVs delivered protein cargo into myotubes within 2 h of incubation. Fluorescent labeling of intracellular mitochondria showed co-localization of delivered protein and mitochondria. Oxidatively injured myotubes demonstrated a significant decline in maximal oxygen consumption rate and spare respiratory capacity relative to untreated myotubes. Remarkably, subsequent treatment with MuSC-EVs significantly improved maximal oxygen consumption rate and spare respiratory capacity relative to the myotubes that were damaged but received no subsequent treatment. Surprisingly, MuSC-EVs did not affect mitochondrial function in undamaged myotubes, suggesting the cargo delivered is able to repair but does not expand the existing mitochondrial network. These data demonstrate that MuSC-EVs rapidly deliver proteins into myotubes, a portion of which co-localizes with mitochondria, and reverses mitochondria dysfunction in oxidatively-damaged myotubes.

scholarly journals Oxygen consumption rate in Gasterosteus aculeatus-Schistocephalus solidus system from a non-migratory naturally infected population

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarallo Andrea ◽  
D’Onofrio Giuseppe ◽  
Agnisola Claudio
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Oxygen Consumption Rate ◽  
Gasterosteus Aculeatus ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Host Fish ◽  
Schistocephalus Solidus ◽  
Rate Of Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Migratory Population ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe three spine stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus is a specific obligatory intermediate host for the cestode worm Schistocephalus solidus. This system is commonly used to investigate the host-parasite interaction in fishes. Despite the interesting attempts which have been made to quantify the impact of the parasite over the respiration rate of the host fish, none of the previous reports took in consideration that stickleback is diversified in different ecotypes according to its ability to made reproductive migration, from and to the sea. Here the oxygen consumption rate in specimens of three-spine stickleback collected from a non-migratory population was quantified with the aim to test if the S. solidus infection drives a change in the oxygen consumption level of the host fish. The results showed that the infected fishes have a higher rate of oxygen consumption compared with the uninfected one. The differences were due to a direct effect of the parasite, not merely to its contribution to the whole oxygen consumption rate. The data were compared with previous reports, showing that the non-migratory population was characterized by a different level of oxygen consumption rate. The differences were interpreted in terms of divergence in physiological adaptations which had to be appeared in different populations.

scholarly journals A Peripheral CB1R Antagonist Increases Lipolysis, Oxygen Consumption Rate, and Markers of Beiging in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes Similar to RIM, Suggesting that Central Effects Can Be Avoided

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (18) ◽  
pp. 6639
Author(s):  
Rebecca L. Paszkiewicz ◽  
Richard N. Bergman ◽  
Roberta S. Santos ◽  
Aaron P. Frank ◽  
Orison O. Woolcott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Oxygen Consumption Rate ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Cannabinoid Receptor ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Mitochondrial Uncoupling ◽  
Direct Role ◽  
The Impact

With the increased prevalence of obesity and related co-morbidities, such as type 2 diabetes (T2D), worldwide, improvements in pharmacological treatments are necessary. The brain- and peripheral-cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) antagonist rimonabant (RIM) has been shown to induce weight loss and improve glucose homeostasis. We have previously demonstrated that RIM promotes adipose tissue beiging and decreased adipocyte cell size, even during maintenance on a high-fat diet. Given the adverse side-effects of brain-penetrance with RIM, in this study we aimed to determine the site of action for a non-brain-penetrating CB1R antagonist AM6545. By using in vitro assays, we demonstrated the direct effects of this non-brain-penetrating CB1R antagonist on cultured adipocytes. Specifically, we showed, for the first time, that AM6545 significantly increases markers of adipose tissue beiging, mitochondrial biogenesis, and lipolysis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. In addition, the oxygen consumption rate (OCR), consisting of baseline respiratory rate, proton leak, maximal respiratory capacity, and ATP synthase activity, was greater for cells exposed to AM6545, demonstrating greater mitochondrial uncoupling. Using a lipolysis inhibitor during real-time OCR measurements, we determined that the impact of CB1R antagonism on adipocytes is driven by increased lipolysis. Thus, our data suggest the direct role of CB1R antagonism on adipocytes does not require brain penetrance, supporting the importance of focus on peripheral CB1R antagonism pharmacology for reducing the incidence of obesity and T2D.

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