scholarly journals The Influence of Indonesian National and Military Organisational Culture on Safety Management Systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Medi Rachman ◽  
Bernard Mees ◽  
Simon Fry
Keyword(s):  
National Culture ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Military Culture ◽  
Organisational Culture ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Safety Education ◽  
Hierarchical Systems ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Adoption And Implementation ◽  
The Military

<p>This paper examines the influence of Indonesian national and military organisational culture on the adoption and implementation of the Safety Management System (SMS) that is predominantly based on Western concepts of management. The influence of national culture on a military organisational culture, the perception and behaviour of the military members, and how management handles safety issues in the organisation were investigated and identified. To discover and understand the basic assumptions of a culture that drive people to a particular behaviour, a qualitative research design, encompassing multiple case studies, was adopted for this study. Analysis of the findings shows that the Indonesian military culture has been much influenced by its national culture. Moreover, the unique characteristics of the Indonesian national and military culture have significant influences on military SMS. Harmony, politeness, hierarchical systems, authoritarian structures, the military class system and the ‘can-do’ culture are some of the cultural factors that impede the promotion of safety culture as well as the implementation of the SMS within the Indonesian military organisation. In addition to those cultural factors, the lack of safety education and training has created an environment in which individual safety awareness is disregarded. The results of this study demonstrate that cultural factors are one of the crucial factors that must be integrated into the organisation’s system in order to achieve safety.</p>

scholarly journals Safety; a system state or property?

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 129 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Stoop
Keyword(s):  
National Culture ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Military Culture ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Emergent Properties ◽  
Primary System ◽  
Hierarchical Systems ◽  
The Military

Safety is frequently addressed as an emergent property of complex and dynamic systems. This contribution advocates the validity and importance of incorporating intrinsic technological hazards and systemic interrelations from a multi-actor perspective in the early phases of design and development. This perspective creates inherent properties in various system states, which may manifest themselves as emergent properties during operations. These safety properties are based on their business models, selectively focusing on primary system components such as infrastructure, vehicles or traffic management. Experiences with major aviation and railway projects highlight the potential of engineering design approaches such as multidisciplinary design optimization, value engineering and vectorial state/space modelling. Such an approach has high change potential for a specific category of high energy density complex socio-technical systems. Management System (SMS) that is predominantly based on Western concepts of management. The influence of national culture on a military organisational culture, the perception and behaviour of the military members, and how management handles safety issues in the organisation were investigated and identified. To discover and understand the basic assumptions of a culture that drive people to a particular behaviour, a qualitative research design, encompassing multiple case studies, was adopted for this study. Analysis of the findings shows that the Indonesian military culture has been much influenced by its national culture. Moreover, the unique characteristics of the Indonesian national and military culture have significant influences on military SMS. Harmony, politeness, hierarchical systems, authoritarian structures, the military class system and the ‘can-do’ culture are some of the cultural factors that impede the promotion of safety culture as well as the implementation of the SMS within the Indonesian military organisation. In addition to those cultural factors, the lack of safety education and training has created an environment in which individual safety awareness is disregarded. The results of this study demonstrate that cultural factors are one of the crucial factors that must be integrated into the organisation’s system in order to achieve safety.<br /><br />

scholarly journals Advancing Safety in Organisations: Application via the Luton Safety Stack

2019 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 01002
Author(s):  
Job Smeltink ◽  
Sybert Stroeve ◽  
Barry Kirwan
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Safety Culture ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Organisational Culture ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Limited Extent ◽  
Safety Management Systems ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Potential Safety ◽  
Ground Handling

Controlling and improving safety in organisations is achieved using a Safety Management System (SMS). Notwithstanding the variety of components considered in SMS standards, including human factors and safety culture, safety management systems are sometimes observed by those at the ‘sharp end’ as being bureaucratic, distinct from actual operations, and being too focused on the prevention of deviations from procedures, rather than on the effective support of safety in the real operational context. The soft parts of advancing safety in organisations, such as the multitude of interrelations and the informal aspects in an organisation that influence safety, are only considered to a limited extent in traditional safety management systems. The research in Future Sky Safety Project 5 (FSS P5) focused on improving these human-related, informal organisational aspects. Since every organisation is unique, in the operations it conducts, its history, and its organisational culture, there cannot be a one-size-fits-all standard for advancing safety in organisations. Rather, this needs to be based on the organisation at hand, leading to tailored solutions. This has been applied to a safety culture assessment and enhancement approach applied for six key organisations at London Luton Airport, and the approach has become known as the Luton Safety Stack. The six organisations decided to share the detailed results of their individual safety culture assessments. They formed a group that holds quarterly meetings, which always include a workshop element. From this approach, the organisations were stimulated to develop harmonised procedures for all ground-handling operators at Luton, and for each operation, creating a simple one-page procedure with diagrams, to keep it simple and safe. The Luton Safety Stack shows that when organisations share a place, such as at an airport, they need the opportunity to meet to discuss both potential safety threats, and opportunities to advance safety, because even through organisations are interdependent, safety issues in one organisation often have implications for others.

BIM-Based Quality Control for Safety Issues in the Design and Construction Phases

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seunghwa Park ◽  
Inhan Kim
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Building Information Modeling ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Use Case ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Building Safety

Today’s buildings are getting larger and more complex. As a result, the traditional method of manually checking the design of a building is no longer efficient since such a process is time-consuming and laborious. It is becoming increasingly important to establish and automate processes for checking the quality of buildings. By automatically checking whether buildings satisfy requirements, Building Information Modeling (BIM) allows for rapid decision-making and evaluation. In this context, the work presented here focuses on resolving building safety issues via a proposed BIM-based quality checking process. Through the use case studies, the efficiency and usability of the devised strategy is evaluated. This research can be beneficial in promoting the efficient use of BIM-based communication and collaboration among the project party concerned for improving safety management. In addition, the work presented here has the potential to expand research efforts in BIM-based quality checking processes.

scholarly journals Manual on the proper use of sodium astatide ([211At]NaAt) injections in clinical trials for targeted alpha therapy (1st edition)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadashi Watabe ◽  
Makoto Hosono ◽  
Seigo Kinuya ◽  
Takahiro Yamada ◽  
Sachiko Yanagida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Japanese Society ◽  
Radiation Safety ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Evaluation Methodology ◽  
Targeted Alpha Therapy ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
And Training ◽  
Alpha Therapy

AbstractWe present the guideline for use of [211At] sodium astatide (NaAt) for targeted alpha therapy in clinical trials on the basis of radiation safety issues in Japan. This guideline was prepared by a study supported by the Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare, and approved by the Japanese Society of Nuclear Medicine on 8th Feb, 2021. The study showed that patients receiving [211At]NaAt do not need to be admitted to a radiotherapy room and outpatient treatment is possible. The radiation exposure from the patient is within the safety standards of the ICRP and IAEA recommendations for the general public and caregivers. Precautions for patients and their families, safety management associated with the use of [211At]NaAt, education and training, and disposal of medical radioactive contaminants are also included in this guideline. Treatment using [211At]NaAt in Japan should be carried out according to this guideline. Although this guideline is applied in Japan, the issues for radiation protection and evaluation methodology shown here are considered internationally useful as well.

Civil–Military Relations and Russia’s Post-Soviet Military Culture: A Belief System Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 0095327X2110629
Author(s):  
Kirill Shamiev
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Belief System ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Military Culture ◽  
Institutional Autonomy ◽  
Civil Military Relations ◽  
The Government ◽  
Military Relations ◽  
The Military

This article studies the role of military culture in defense policymaking. It focuses on Russia’s post-Soviet civil–military relations and military reform attempts. After the fall of the Soviet Union, Russia’s armed forces were in a state of despair. Despite having relative institutional autonomy, the military neither made itself more effective before minister Serdyukov nor tried to overthrow the government. The paper uses the advocacy coalition framework’s belief system approach to analyze data from military memoirs, parliamentary speeches, and 15 interviews. The research shows that the military’s support for institutional autonomy, combined with its elites’ self-serving bias, critically contributed to what I term an “imperfect equilibrium” in Russian civil–military relations: the military could not reform itself and fought back against radical, though necessary, changes imposed by civilian leadership.

scholarly journals Community, Family and School-based Interventions for HIV/AIDS Prevention in African American Adolescents

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melinda J. Ickes ◽  
Manoj Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Health ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
African American Adolescents ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Pesticide Use ◽  
Safety Education ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
New Mexico State University ◽  
Mexico Border ◽  
Pesticide Safety

A variety of environmental health issues occur within homes along the US/Mexico border region. Individuals living in this region are often not aware that specific issues, including pesticide safety, occur in their homes and may not understand the potential adverse effects of pesticide use on their families’ health. The Environmental Health/Home Safety Education Project created by the Southern Area Health Education Center at New Mexico State University, utilizes promotoras (community health workers) to educate clients on pesticide safety issues. Data from 367 pre/post tests and home assessments were collected from 2002-2005. The data were analyzed to detect changes in clients’ knowledge or behavior as they related to protecting themselves and their families against unsafe pesticide use and storage. Statistically significant changes occurred with both knowledge and behavior in regards to safe pesticide use. Through this culturally appropriate intervention, the promotoras provide practical information allowing clients to make their homes safer.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of methods to identify road sections with high accidents risk: a case study of E67 Estonia–Latvia–Lithuania corridor

2021 ◽  
Vol 334 ◽  
pp. 02001
Author(s):  
Maria Pashkevich ◽  
Anton Pashkevich
Keyword(s):  
Safety Management ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
Core Network ◽  
Baltic States ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Baltic Countries ◽  
Efficient Management ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The One ◽  
The Baltic

E67 road is a strategically important part of a North Sea – Baltic Core Network Corridor, connecting the three Baltic States with Finland, on the one hand, and with North Eastern Poland, on the other. So-called Via Baltica corridor services more than 30 000 vehicles per day being one of the major arteries for transit and heavy good vehicles transport in the region. Annually around 8 000 road accidents with casualties occur in the three Baltic States with more than 500 fatalities a year. Relatively high road safety risk exposure requires more efficient management of infrastructure safety issues. The three Baltic States use either black spot management (BSM) or network safety management (NSM) or a combination of these two approaches to treat dangerous road sections of the network. In this article three methodologies used in the Baltic countries for dangerous road sections and spots identification were described. Quantitative analysis of dangerous sections/spots identified by the three methodologies was performed for the whole Via Baltica corridor to reveal the differences between the methods used.

A Brief Discussion about Effects of Chinese Traditional Culture on Contemporary Chinese Architectural Design

2014 ◽  
Vol 507 ◽  
pp. 83-86
Author(s):  
Yong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
National Culture ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Traditional Culture ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Local Culture ◽  
Global Integration ◽  
Chinese Traditional Culture ◽  
Culture Design ◽  
Contemporary Chinese

In times of the global integration of economy and culture, the preservation of the value of national traditional culture and the variety of architectural culture is of great significance for the development of national culture. Design is supposed to be the perfect combination of technology and art, which cannot be separated from the cultural factors. Design is influenced and constrained by culture and in turn reflects the characters of culture of the time. Design of any age is closely related with the local culture. The traditional culture of nationality, regionalism and sociality not only affects the contemporary arts movement but also directly influences the contemporary designing movement.

In the Crossfire or the Crosshairs? Norms, Civilian Casualties, and U.S. Conduct in Iraq

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin H. Kahl
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Vietnam War ◽  
Iraq War ◽  
Military Culture ◽  
Noncombatant Immunity ◽  
The Vietnam War ◽  
The Military ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Over Time

The belief that U.S. forces regularly violate the norm of noncombatant immunity (i.e., the notion that civilians should not be targeted or disproportionately harmed during hostilities) has been widely held since the outset of the Iraq War. Yet the evidence suggests that the U.S. military has done a better job of respecting noncombatant immunity in Iraq than is commonly thought. It also suggests that compliance has improved over time as the military has adjusted its behavior in response to real and perceived violations of the norm. This behavior is best explained by the internalization of noncombatant immunity within the U.S. military's organizational culture, especially since the Vietnam War. Contemporary U.S. military culture is characterized by an “annihilation-restraint paradox”: a commitment to the use of overwhelming but lawful force. The restraint portion of this paradox explains relatively high levels of U.S. adherence with the norm of noncombatant immunity in Iraq, while the tension between annihilation and restraint helps to account for instances of noncompliance and for why Iraqi civilian casualties from U.S. operations, although low by historical standards, have still probably been higher than was militarily necessary or inevitable.

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