scholarly journals Reacția unor linii de tomate la izolatele fungului Alternaria alternata

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadejda Mihnea ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Stem Growth ◽  
Culture Filtrates

The paper presents the results of the appreciation of some tomato lines based on the resistance to the fungal pathogen Alternaria alternata. Culture filtrates (CF) of pathogen in the most cases did not significantly influence for the seed germination. A more obvious impact was manifested in the case of the root and the stem, the deviations from the control constituting -38.2…. -69.6% for the root and -40.7… -72.6% - for the stem. It was found that the greatest importance in the reaction to A. alternata isolates for seed germination had the genotypic factor, and for root and stem growth - the isolation factor - 95.7-91.0%.

EFFECT OF SEED DIFFUSATES ON FUNGAL POPULATION AND GERMINATION OF SUNFLOWER SEEDS / EFECTO DE EXTRACTOS DE SEMILLAS SOBRE LA POBLACION DE HONGOS Y LA GERMINACION DE SEMILLAS DEL GIRASOL / EFFET DES EXTRAITS DE SEMENCE SUR LA POPULATION DE CHAMPIGNONS ET SUR LA GERMINATION DES GRAINES DE TOURNESOL

Helia ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 24 (34) ◽  
pp. 77-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rauf Bhutta ◽  
M.H. Rahber Bhatti ◽  
Ahmad Iftikhar
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Fusarium Moniliforme ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Chemical Pollution ◽  
Sunflower Seeds ◽  
Fungal Population ◽  
Fungal Populations ◽  
Safe Control

SUMMARYAll four seed diffusates used for treatment of sunflower seeds, Azadirachtaindica, Capsicum annuum, Coriandrum sativum and Eugenia jambulana, reduced the populations of seed-borne fungi: Alternaria alternata, Drechslera tetramera, Emericellopsis terricola, Fusarium moniliforme, F.semitectum, Macrophomina phaseolina and Phoma oleracea. Of four seed diffusates, those from A.indica and C.sativum controlled the fungal populations almost 100%. Seed germination was increased in seed samples of both sunflower cultivars under study, HO-1 and NK-212. The obtained results indicate that seed diffusates could substitute costly chemicals for safe control of seed-borne diseases, protecting at the same time the environment from chemical pollution.

scholarly journals Fungicidal management of Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler causing blight of gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii H. Bolus ex J.D. Hook)

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipak T. Nagrale ◽  
Anil P. Gaikwad ◽  
Sanjay Goswami ◽  
Lalan Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Disease Management ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Bordeaux Mixture ◽  
Gerbera Jamesonii ◽  
Leaf Spots ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Blight Disease

Alternaria, the fungal pathogen has wide host range generally attacks the aerial parts of plants causing leaf spots and blights. Gerbera is a genus of ornamental flower plants. Gerbera plants are infected by many diseases. Different disease management practices are adopted in gerbera cultivation. The fungicidal management of Alternaria blight is one of the important strategies for the disease management in gerbera in polyhouse condition. In this study, preventive and curative fungicidal sprays were adopted for the management of blight disease in polyhouse. This study revealed that preventive fungicidal sprays were significant over curative fungicidal sprays for the management of Alternaria alternata blight of gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii H. Bolus ex J.D. Hook) in polyhouse. The preventive sprays made of Bordeaux mixture (0.6 %), tricyclazole (0.1%) and iprodione + carbendazim (0.1%) fungicides were found effective with 95.85 %, 96.59 % and 95.88 % disease control respectively, under polyhouse condition.

scholarly journals Variabilitatea patogenității unor agenți fungici ai putregaiului de rădăcină la grâul comun de toamnă

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Sasco ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Common Wheat ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Culture Filtrates ◽  
Growth Characters

The study established different reactions of the growth characters of the autumn common wheat seedlings to the treatment of seeds of genotypes Moldova 614, Moldova 66 and L Selania / Accent with the culture filtrates of the strains of Alternaria alternata, Drechslera sorokiniana and Fusarium solani. The 3 strains of the F. solani pathogen produced concomitant repression of root and stem in Moldova 614 and Moldova 66, but differentiated in L Selania / Accent, being identified as the most aggressive in this study. The highest sensitivity was recorded by L Selania / Accent in the case of the root under the action of Alternaria alternata strains.

scholarly journals Extracellular vesicles from the apoplastic fungal wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin H. Hill ◽  
Peter S. Solomon
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Protein Composition ◽  
Broth Culture ◽  
Zymoseptoria Tritici ◽  
Culture Filtrates ◽  
In Vitro Investigation

Abstract Background The fungal pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici is a significant constraint to wheat production in temperate cropping regions around the world. Despite its agronomic impacts, the mechanisms allowing the pathogen to asymptomatically invade and grow in the apoplast of wheat leaves before causing extensive host cell death remain elusive. Given recent evidence of extracellular vesicles (EVs)—secreted, membrane-bound nanoparticles containing molecular cargo—being implicated in extracellular communication between plants and fungal pathogen, we have initiated an in vitro investigation of EVs from this apoplastic fungal wheat pathogen. We aimed to isolate EVs from Z. tritici broth cultures and examine their protein composition in relation to the soluble protein in the culture filtrate and to existing fungal EV proteomes. Results Zymoseptoria tritici EVs were isolated from broth culture filtrates using differential ultracentrifugation (DUC) and examined with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). Z. tritici EVs were observed as a heterogeneous population of particles, with most between 50 and 250 nm. These particles were found in abundance in the culture filtrates of viable Z. tritici cultures, but not heat-killed cultures incubated for an equivalent time and of comparable biomass. Bottom-up proteomic analysis using LC–MS/MS, followed by stringent filtering revealed 240 Z. tritici EV proteins. These proteins were distinct from soluble proteins identified in Z. tritici culture filtrates, but were similar to proteins identified in EVs from other fungi, based on sequence similarity analyses. Notably, a putative marker protein recently identified in Candida albicans EVs was also consistently detected in Z. tritici EVs. Conclusion We have shown EVs can be isolated from the devastating fungal wheat pathogen Z. tritici and are similar to protein composition to previously characterised fungal EVs. EVs from human pathogenic fungi are implicated in virulence, but the role of EVs in the interaction of phytopathogenic fungi and their hosts is unknown. These in vitro analyses provide a basis for expanding investigations of Z. tritici EVs in planta, to examine their involvement in the infection process of this apoplastic wheat pathogen and more broadly, advance understanding of noncanonical secretion in filamentous plant pathogens.

scholarly journals Secondary dormancy of seeds in relation to the Bromus tectorum–Pyrenophora semeniperda pathosystem

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. S11-S14 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.K. Hawkins ◽  
P. Allen ◽  
S. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Bromus Tectorum ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
Annual Grass ◽  
Late Autumn ◽  
Secondary Dormancy ◽  
Laboratory Results

Bromus tectorum is a highly invasive annual grass. The fungal pathogen Pyrenophora semeniperda can kill a large fraction of B. tectorum seeds. Outcomes in this pathosystem are often determined by the speed of seed germination. In this paper we extend previous efforts to describe the pathosystem by characterising secondary dormancy acquisition of B. tectorum. In the laboratory approximately 80% of seeds incubated at –1.0 MPa became dormant. In the field, seeds were placed in the seed bank in late autumn, retrieved monthly and dormancy status determined. The field study confirmed the laboratory results; ungerminated seeds became increasingly dormant. Our data suggest that secondary dormancy is much more likely to occur at xeric sites.

Role of Seed Mycoflora on Seed Germination of Oroxylum indicum (L.) Vent. in Kumaun region of Indian Central Himalaya

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-89
Author(s):  
Bhawana Pande ◽  
R. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Alternaria Solani ◽  
Central Himalaya ◽  
Oroxylum Indicum ◽  
Indian Central

A number of fungus was isolated from the seeds of Oroxylum indicum (L.) Vent. The mycoflora associated with the seeds of this tree have not been previously reported from Kumaun region of Indian Central Himalaya. During the course of study mycoflora such as Fusarium solani, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus nidulens, Penicillium sp., Trichoderma harzianum, Alternaria solani, Alternaria alternata, Curvolaria lunata., Stachybotryis chartarum, Acremonium sp., Rhizoctonia solani, Chaetomium globosum, Cladosporium cladoporoides and Torula allii were isolated from the seeds.

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