From Architectural Analysis to Architectural Theory: City Gates as Public Spaces in Syro-Anatolian Urban Centers

Moped-style scooters are one of the most popular systems of micro-mobility. They are undoubtedly good for the city, as they promote forms of environmentally-friendly mobility, in which flexibility helps prevent traffic build-up in the urban centers where they operate. However, their increasing numbers are also generating conflicts as a result of the bad behavior of users, their unwarranted use in public spaces, and above all their parking. This paper proposes a methodology for finding parking spaces for shared motorcycle services using Geographic information system (GIS) location-allocation models and Global Positioning System (GPS) data. We used the center of Madrid and data from the company Muving (one of the city’s main operators) for our case study. As well as finding the location of parking spaces for motorbikes, our analysis examines how the varying distribution of demand over the course of the day affects the demand allocated to parking spaces. The results demonstrate how reserving a relatively small number of parking spaces for scooters makes it possible to capture over 70% of journeys in the catchment area. The daily variations in the distribution of demand slightly reduce the efficiency of the network of parking spaces in the morning and increase it at night, when demand is strongly focused on the most central areas.

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Shared Spaces in Cities of Poland

KnE Engineering ◽

10.18502/keg.v5i6.7079 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Andrzej Zalewski

Keyword(s):

Public Space ◽

Traffic Safety ◽

Social Life ◽

Spatial Arrangement ◽

Public Spaces ◽

Urban Centers ◽

Shared Spaces ◽

Traffic Calming ◽

Shared Space

The aim of paper is a presentation an idea of shared space in the cities and results of implementation of this solution in the cities of Poland. The methodology of elaboration consisted of carrying out a review of the literature, comparing existing solutions and formulating conclusions regarding implementation. This trend, which has appeared over the past 50 years as a counterbalance to the pedestrianization of public spaces, is at the beginning of the 21st century experiencing its second youth and is being implemented in many areas in intensive urban development, especially in urban centers and areas of historic character. Shared space solutions are an integral way of shaping functions and forms of revitalized public spaces. These solutions contributes to improving the quality of public space and traffic safety, revitalizing social life, improving and reducing the environmental nuisance caused by traffic and finally created liveable city. Analyzes effectuated indicate, that in central areas of cities in Poland whose spatial arrangement is legally protected, the forms of shared spaces solutions are strongly influenced by strong conservation restrictions in these areas. This means the need to respect existing historical conditions in shaping public spaces, as well as limited transformation possibilities. The Polish solutions of shared spaces presented in this paper of in their forms and quality do not differ from the standard functional solutions abroad. Solutions implemented in the Polish conditions, however, are more modest in terms of materials and implemented in a smaller number than is the case in Western European countries. Keywords: Shared spaces, Traffic calming, Cities of Poland, Creation of public space

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RESEARCH OF PRINCIPLES OF PEDESTRIAN AREAS DEVELOPMENT IN URBAN CENTERS BY THE EXAMPLE OF TOGLIATTI

URBAN CONSTRUCTION AND ARCHITECTURE ◽

10.17673/vestnik.2016.04.22 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 122-126

Author(s):

Dmitry B. VERETENNIKOV ◽

Veronica M. KUZNETSOVA

Keyword(s):

Public Spaces ◽

Theory And Practice ◽

Town Planning ◽

Planning Theory ◽

Urban Centers ◽

Basic Principles ◽

Current State ◽

Global Trend ◽

The World ◽

The City

The system of organization of pedestrian traffi c is one of the urgent problems of the modern city. The aim of this work is to study the trends in the development of pedestrian spaces in the world, as the global trend and preconditions validation of this trend for the city of Togliatt i, a town-planning trends relevant for him. The article reveals the general typological principles and patt erns of occurrence of the pedestrian streets. In accordance with the purpose of research, the article describes the basic principles of pedestrian spaces and the current methods of their design. The att ention is focused on the current state of the issue in urban planning theory and practice. Formulated practical relevance and the need to establish in the city of Togliatt i such public spaces as pedestrian streets.

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Architecture as politics

SAJ - Serbian Architectural Journal ◽

10.5937/saj1401063q ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 63-74

Author(s):

Gabriela Świtek

Keyword(s):

Contemporary Art ◽

Fine Arts ◽

Public Spaces ◽

Main Concern ◽

Architectural Theory ◽

Politics Of Aesthetics ◽

History Of ◽

National Gallery Of Art ◽

Philosophical Writings

The paper presents a comment on Jacques Rancière's thinking on architecture as traced in The Politics of Aesthetics and juxtaposed with a case study - 1st Exhibition of Architecture of the People's Poland. The exhibition organized in the era of Stalinism (1953) and shown in the Central Bureau for Artistic Exhibitions (nowadays the Zachęta - National Gallery of Art in Warsaw) is seen as a manifestation of 'artistic regimes' of the period and as aesthetisation of architecture which is commonly considered the most 'political' of all the (fine) arts. Architecture does not seem to be the main concern of The Politics of Aesthetics; most translators and (Polish) commentators of Rancière's philosophical writings draw our attention to the importance of his aesthetics for the relational aspects of contemporary art in public spaces. The article aims at emphasizing the architectural moments in Rancière's project of aesthetics as politics; it also elaborates a couple of notions poiēsis/mimēsis - as discussed by Rancière - in relation to architectural theory and history of architectural exhibitions.

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The Sweet Penance of Music

10.1093/oso/9780190940218.001.0001 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Alejandro Vera

Keyword(s):

Cultural Context ◽

Public Spaces ◽

Colonial Period ◽

Urban Centers ◽

Musical Life ◽

Broad Perspective ◽

Secondary Sources ◽

Archival Documents ◽

And Function

This book provides a fresh, comprehensive view of the musical life and its cultural context in Santiago, Chile, from its foundation in 1541 to the end of the colonial period, roughly in 1810. Combining the study of archival documents, secondary sources, and music scores, it deals with different aspects of musical life in the cathedral (Chapter 1), convents and monasteries (Chapter 2), private houses (Chapter 3), and public spaces (Chapter 4), considering, as well, the life and function of musicians as crucial agents in the music field (Chapter 5). Despite its focus on a particular city of Latin America, it raises this issue from a broad perspective that explores its links with other urban centers (especially Lima), within the globalizing framework of the colonial system. The idea of music as a “sweet penance,” belonging to a nun harpist in a convent of Santiago at the end of the eighteenth century, gives rise to the consideration of duality as an essential trait of the period and its music.

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Entre presenças e ausências: o centro de Curitiba e a rua XV de novembro

ILUMINURAS ◽

10.22456/1984-1191.53152 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 16 (37) ◽

Author(s):

Lilian Stedile Ferri ◽

Luiz Eduardo Fontoura Teixeira

Keyword(s):

Public Spaces ◽

The Other ◽

Urban Centers ◽

Large Cities ◽

New Ideas ◽

Residential Use ◽

The City

Apesar das diversas problemáticas que o Centro de Curitiba, assim como inúmeros centros de outras grandes cidades brasileiras, vivencia, o presente estudo é guiado, sobretudo, pela problemática decorrente da intensificação dos usos comercial e de serviços e do declínio do uso residencial nessa área da cidade. Entende-se que a apropriação dos espaços públicos e a sociabilidade urbana estão estreitamente vinculadas ao uso e à ocupação do solo definidos para determinada área. A metodologia utilizada envolve a apreensão de uma parte - a Rua XV de Novembro - para o estudo do todo, o bairro. Após análise de dados referentes à perda de população moradora nas últimas décadas, constata-se a urgente necessidade de novas ideias e horizontes para essa área da cidade, que apresenta uma grande sociabilidade urbana durante o horário comercial, mas que se enfraquece nos demais períodos.Palavras chave: Centros urbanos. Espaços públicos. Patrimônio.Between presences and absences: the center of Curitiba and the XV de novembro streetAbstractDespite the various problematics that the Center of Curitiba, as well as numerous centers of the others large cities, experiences, this study is guided, mainly, by the problematic arising from the intensification of commercial and services uses and of the decline of residential use in this area of the city. It’s understood that the appropriation of public spaces and the urban sociability are closely linked to the use and the occupation of land defined for a determined area. The methodology used involves the apprehension of a part - the XV de Novembro Street - for the study of the whole, the neighborhood. After analysis of the data related to the loss of population resident in the recent decades, it’s noted the urgent need of new ideas and horizons for this area of the city, which presents a large urban sociability during business hours, but weakens in the other periods.Keywords: Urban centers. Public spaces. Heritage.

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Minerva, urban defenses, and the continuity of cult at Pompeii

Journal of Roman Archaeology ◽

10.1017/s1047759400074122 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 30 ◽

pp. 283-300

Author(s):

Ivo van der Graaff ◽

Steven J. R. Ellis

Keyword(s):

Urban Communities ◽

Local Identity ◽

Urban Centers ◽

Sacred Sites ◽

Sacred Spaces ◽

Local Elite ◽

City Gates ◽

Religious Associations ◽

Complex Relationships ◽

Reciprocal Process

The religious landscapes of Republican-era urban communities in central and southern Italy were built on complex relationships between the inhabitants and their sacred spaces. The critical need to defend sacred sites such as temples, shrines and altars contributed directly to the shaping of urban centers and the formation of their cultural identities. Many urban centers had a separate citadel where communities protected their sanctuaries behind fortifications. In a reciprocal process the gods protected settlements. Some city gates (e.g., Volterra, Perugia, Falerii Novi) still carry prominent adornments in the form of busts and reliefs that evoke implicit civic and religious associations. The deities' presence implies a complex political and social interaction between the population, protective gods, and fortifications. As tutelary deities, their manipulation whether by a local élite or by a power such as Rome was an important part of the definition and appropriation of local identity.

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ESPACIALIDADE AMBIVALENTE:A CONSTITUIÇÃO DA MEMÓRIA COLETIVA NA ESTAÇÃO FERROVIÁRIA DE TARABAI -SP

COLLOQUIUM SOCIALIS ◽

10.5747/cs.2021.v5.n1.s130 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 46-62

Author(s):

Felipe da Silva Paulino ◽

Victor Martins de Aguiar

Keyword(s):

Collective Memory ◽

Public Spaces ◽

Urban Centers ◽

Spatial Practices ◽

Direct Observations ◽

Theoretical Support ◽

Places Of Memory ◽

The Government ◽

Mind Maps ◽

Memory Characteristics

Urban centers play an important role in the process of building and perpetuating collective social memory, becoming responsible for giving identity to certain groups while absorbing signs for individuals and perpetuating themselves as “places of memory”, characteristics that are not enough to inhibit deterioration of time and abandonment. In scenarios similar to these, urban collectives propose to discuss the importance of memory in the construction and activation of historic public spaces, reflections adapted to the old Estação Ferroviária de Tarabai (1954), a fundamental space for the development of the municipality, which after its deactivation was abandoned (1984), even with the implementation of interventions by the government in order to transform it into a leisure space (1992). In this way, the work proposed to observe and understand the dynamics of use, of appropriations carried out locally, emphasizing the importance of collective memory for its activation. For that, direct observations made at the Railway Station were necessary in order to record their spatial practices, with the interpretation of such data through “mind maps”. The observations made on site were complemented with bibliographic and documentary surveys with the purpose of providing theoretical support for surveys carried out on the spot, pondering the importance of collective memory.

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Artificial Lighting of Micro-Spaces in Urban Centers

Light & Engineering ◽

10.33383/2021-048 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 25-31

Author(s):

Alexei V. Krasheninnikov ◽

Alexander A. Lebedev

Keyword(s):

Urban Environment ◽

Social Space ◽

Personal Communication ◽

Public Spaces ◽

Social Processes ◽

Cognitive State ◽

Urban Centers ◽

Artificial Lighting ◽

Time Integral ◽

Spatial Parameters

Night lighting must be taken into account when designing urban public spaces. In urban studies, the urban environment is the support of social processes, and social processes form the requirements for lighting and spatial parameters of the scene. The behaviour of people, their cognitive state and the intensity of communication are the important factors to consider for light design. The key signs of a cognitive state of a person are the number of people around and personal activity mobility. The most characteristic micro-spaces can be selected for various types of environmental behaviour. The paper proposes to use the concept of environmental complexes of micro-, meso-, and macro-spaces for the artificial lighting of a flexible, diverse, but at the same time integral urban environment. Micro-space is perceived as a sphere of personal communication, the so-called “bubble” of social space, and at the same time, micro-space has physical characteristics, including lighting. The basic principles of the light design of the micro-space include such spatial parameters as the size of the “light spot”, the height of the “light ceiling”. Artificial lighting of public spaces reveals the social scenario of using a common space, emphasizes places of communication, meetings, paths of movement, allows you to create a cosy, humane environment.

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Ranko Radovic’s approach to the planning and design of public spaces through projects for cities in Finland and Serbia

Spatium ◽

10.2298/spat2044029l ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 29-36

Author(s):

Stefanie Leontiadis ◽

Ilija Gubic

Keyword(s):

Urban Design ◽

Public Spaces ◽

Northern Province ◽

Urban Centers ◽

Planning And Design ◽

Research Designs ◽

Urban Planning And Design ◽

Urban Issues ◽

Experiential Research ◽

Spatial Identification

Ranko Radovic (1935-2005) was one of Serbia?s most notable architects, urbanists, and professors, with a prominent influence on European scholarly discussions on planning urban centers and public spaces, which have come to light not only through his research design proposals but also through numerous publications, seminars, conferences and lecture notes. The importance of Radovic lies in his profound and early understanding of urban issues that became common across Europe in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. He focused on the composition, ideologies, traditionality and innovation of cities, while striving to create paradigmatic shifts in urban design with the parallel retainment of strong cultures. Radovic, strongly influenced by his European experiences, created urban schemes based on his strong ideals that were a product of deep urban perception and collective criticism deriving from his experiential research. As a result, this paper seeks to show and discuss how his time and practice in Finland, and particularly his research designs for the areas of Herttoniemi and Vuosaari in Helsinki (1995-1996), shaped how he perceived the concepts of urban spatial identification, geometry, and historicity, and how these elaborations evolved through his urban planning and design schemes in Serbia?s northern province of Vojvodina (1997-2000).

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