CRISIS OF URBAN IDENTITY: AMBIVALENCE OF VALUE GROUNDS AND SOCIAL PERSPECTIVES

The article discusses the problem of urban identity in the opposition between global and local processes in urban space. Urban identity is viewed as a type of individual’s social identity in relation to his/her affiliation to a certain urban community. The study of the causes and effects of the urban identity’s crisis is based on the notion of this identity as valuable and meaningful cohesion of individuals and urban community. The problem of urban identity is studied via the analysis of modern concepts of social change in urban space, related to mainstream of human resources, financial, material, information resources. The article indicates that the crisis of identity is represented in the potential loss of individual and personal links to the city, in the loss of affiliation to the place of living, in the vanishing demand for urban identity. The notions of retrospective and prospective urban identity are introduced to identify the ground to maintain urban identity. Retrospective urban identity is based on the existence of so-called “places of memory” in urban space that integrate physical space, fragments of collective memory and individual valuable attitude to this memory as the inclusion to the city history. Prospective urban identity rests on individual’s cohesion and affiliation to future states of urban community as a source of potential social options. Assessments of directions for social change are figured out in positive and negative prospective urban identity, which defines residents’ migration intentions and their active participation in the city life.

Ivan Franko’s Perception of Oleksandr Konyskyi: the Processes of Convergence, Divergence and Memorialisation

The article analyzes the reception of Oleksandr Konysky in the literary-critical and journalistic heritage of Ivan Franko. An important point in the study of the relationship between national identity and places of memory is P. Nora’s observation that through common symbols individuals become the basis of a common identity, then the bearers of collective memory no longer need special knowledge to achieve a common identity. The author gives interpretation of such concepts as “iconic figure of the transition period”, “Galicia — Ukrainian Piedmont” and the meaning of specific symbolic place — the Shevchenko Scientific Society, which Franco once drew attention to, glorifying the figure of Konysky, and which still have attractive properties, determining the processes of national identification, the cultural leader of which was Konysky. The subject of the research is tracing the inclusion of the figure of O. Konysky in the Ukrainian cultural and historical canon in the aspect of research on cultural memory and places of memory. The object of analysis is Franko’s literary criticism and journalistic work. The aim of study is to trace the formation of Ukrainophiles generation locus memoria on the example of inscribing the figure of O. Konysky in the Ukrainian cultural and historical canon. This aim involves solving the following tasks: to analyze in detail the figure of Konysky in the literary-critical discourse of Franko; identify the influence of mental and generational factors on their relationships; to find out the ways of memorializing the figure of Konysky in the reception of Franko. As a result of the analysis, using the approaches of biographical, historical-literary, empirical research methods, it was found that despite some contradictions of personal and ideological nature, Franco praised Konysky’s role in building the Ukrainian scientific and cultural space. Franko presented Konysky as an important figure of the transitional period and accentuated the key moments of his activities that had a positive impact on the development of the national idea and on the desire of Ukrainians for the autonomy.

The Places of Memory of Ukrainian Diplomacy project as an encyclopedic work

The article is dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between Ukraine and foreign countries. On this occasion, cultural and scientific events took place during 2017-2021. Contacts between figures of science and culture of Ukraine and others were promoted with these events. And another profit from them is the study of various issues increasing knowledge about the history of Ukrainian diplomacy. One of the elements of this process was the symbolic marking with memorial plaques in other countries, which make Ukraine’s historical diplomatic ties with them. Team work aimed to study the symbolic marks of Ukrainian diplomacy has contributed to the accumulation of a lot of important information. That’s why the idea appeared to build the encyclopedic work – Places of Memory of Ukrainian Diplomacy (currently being compiled). This article describes the significance of this encyclopedic dictionary in the context of covering the history of Ukrainian diplomacy, in particular showing the formation of close diplomatic relations with other states, which took place during the turbulent period of 1917-1921.

Registration of Off-Road Practices as Intangible Heritage and Implementation of the Off-Road Ecomuseum in Nova Lima, Minas Gerais

The project for Registration of off-road practices as intangible heritage and implementation of the Off-Road Ecomuseum in Nova Lima is a popular initiative that seeks to safeguard tradition and the benefits generated by off-road practices on the city's trails. This is a pioneer initiative in the country and has a multidisciplinary character, as it involves three major areas: sport, culture and tourism. From the first indigenous occupations in Minas Gerais, through pioneers, pathfinders, drovers, rural producers who transported their items for sale and to local markets to the present day, the trails of Nova Lima are traveled by sportsmen and tourists. Thus, the aim is to use the trails from their conception as places of memory Keywords: Ecomuseum, culture, tourism, ecotourism, territory.

The Teaching of Historical Memory as a Tool for Achieving SDG 16 and Teachers’ Views on the Exile Memorial Museum (MUME) Routes

This article analyses the educational role of historical memory in Spain in the context of Education for Sustainable Development and the Sustainable Development Goals. The main objective is to show the utilitarian value of historical memory as an enabling element to achieve SDG 16: “Peace, justice and strong institutions”. The study analysed focuses on a very specific heritage product, the exile routes of the Exile Memorial Museum—MUME (La Jonquera, Spain), through a series of semi-open in-depth interviews with teachers who visited the routes. Their responses were cross-checked with the learning objectives for SDG 16 in its three categories: cognitive, socio-emotional and behavioural. The results of this cross-referencing show that there is a significant relationship between the teaching of heritage in places of memory and the block of socioemotional learning objectives, and more specifically with the third category, related to the display of empathy and solidarity.

Places of Memory: Holocaust Memorials in Vidzeme and Their Symbolic Language

In analysing the symbolic language of Holocaust memorials, the author uses the concept of lieux de mémoire, elaborated by the French historian Pierre Nora. Nora highlights the essential differences, even rupture, between history and memory and the growing importance of lieux de mémoire, places of memory that lie between memory and history. The task of these places is to return the event to the present, reviving it in both the individual memory and the memory of society. Therefore, a memorial can also be considered a lieu de memoire. Moreover, the memorial is a more complicated case with material, symbolic and functional significance, a lieu de mémoire and a historical text with changing relations between them. The paper will briefly describe the basic principles of Holocaust iconography and the history of the development of Holocaust memorials as a new genre of commemorative art. The author will look at the development of this genre in Latvia using the example of memorials dedicated to victims of Nazism in Vidzeme. The monument’s symbolic language and whether it has been influenced by the specific place and events or whether artists have followed a specific iconographic canon will be explained. The examples will also be considered from the point of view of the dialectics between a place of memory and a historical text, mentioned above.

Contextile 2020: Places of Memory ‐ Interdiscourses of a Textile Territory, Artistic Residency Programme

Curated by Cláudia Melo, Guimarães, Portugal, 5 September‐25 October 2020

Religious and heuristic meaning of sacred places of memory: «Arasan-Korasan»

In general science, the concepts of "sacred" and "sacred" are comprehensively considered by the phenomenology of religion. The phenomenology of religion, analyzing these concepts, gives the following definitions. A saint is a value, or an action, given or created by the creator. In other words, it means sanctity, sanctity. And the concept of holiness is used in the implementation of these divine values, or actions. This concept is usually used in religious rituals and Customs. Sanctification is often characterized by the process of purification, removal, for example, exhalation, removal with a healing plant with adraspan, etc. The article provides a definition of the broad meaning of the concepts of" sacred "and" sacred " for the Kazakh people. Based on this, the research paper presents the results of the study of the history of the sacred place "sacred Arasan – Korasan" in Besmoynak village of Zhambyl District of Almaty region, the ways of religious and ritual pilgrimage of pilgrims, the sacral nature of springs, their importance in healing and healing, their place in the development of tourism, the name of the sacred place in general. The publication in the scientific literature of information about the sacred place of Arasan, about the properties of underground springs in it, contributed to the fact that this place was included in the list of sacred objects of interregional Kazakhstan, including Semirechye, and was protected by the state.

ESPACIALIDADE AMBIVALENTE:A CONSTITUIÇÃO DA MEMÓRIA COLETIVA NA ESTAÇÃO FERROVIÁRIA DE TARABAI -SP

Urban centers play an important role in the process of building and perpetuating collective social memory, becoming responsible for giving identity to certain groups while absorbing signs for individuals and perpetuating themselves as “places of memory”, characteristics that are not enough to inhibit deterioration of time and abandonment. In scenarios similar to these, urban collectives propose to discuss the importance of memory in the construction and activation of historic public spaces, reflections adapted to the old Estação Ferroviária de Tarabai (1954), a fundamental space for the development of the municipality, which after its deactivation was abandoned (1984), even with the implementation of interventions by the government in order to transform it into a leisure space (1992). In this way, the work proposed to observe and understand the dynamics of use, of appropriations carried out locally, emphasizing the importance of collective memory for its activation. For that, direct observations made at the Railway Station were necessary in order to record their spatial practices, with the interpretation of such data through “mind maps”. The observations made on site were complemented with bibliographic and documentary surveys with the purpose of providing theoretical support for surveys carried out on the spot, pondering the importance of collective memory.

Cultural Heritage and the Crisis of Democracy

Democracy in Brazil is experiencing a crisis that has not been seen for a long time. After the 1988 Constitution, democratic institutions began to show signs of strengthening, such as the Public Ministry, the Judiciary, direct elections, among others. However, the rise of the extreme right – a non-exclusive event in our country – has mitigated and persecuted these institutions, with their dismantling, their ideological and religious equipment and even their extinction, as happened with the Ministry of Culture. The National Historical and Artistic Heritage Institute has also been the target of repeated attacks. Appointments of unprepared individuals, without adequate qualification to assume management and leadership positions at the Institute has been the Achilles heel of the almost centenary IPHAN (National Historical and Artistic Heritage Institute, in the acronym in Portuguese). Other facts mark the attack on places of memory and Brazilian heritage. In the midst of demonstrations around the world about the modification of place names that honor human rights defenders and the overthrowing of their statues, in Brazil the president of the republic testifies to his inability to occupy this position by giving prizes to torturers who acted as torturers in the Civil-Military Dictatorship (1964–1985). Thus, this brief text will seek to exemplify how some facts – some prior to the current administration but which solidify with it – exemplify the current democratic crisis, which strikes not only Heritage and places of memory, but also an entire state structure that comes undone through the virulence of fake news and corruption led by the Bolsonaro family.