Esophagostomy tubes as a method of nutritional management in cats: a retrospective study

1997 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 405-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
PB Levine ◽  
LJ Smallwood ◽  
JL Buback
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Average Duration ◽  
Hepatic Disease ◽  
Tube Placement ◽  
Nutritional Management ◽  
Minor Complication ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Common Indication ◽  
A Minor

The use of esophagostomy tubes in 60 feline patients was evaluated retrospectively. Indications for tube placement, complications associated with placement and management, duration of treatment, and change in patient body weight were evaluated. Hepatic disease was the most common indication for tube placement. A minor complication associated with the surgical technique for tube placement was observed in three cases. Inflammation or infection of the tube site, swelling of the head, or vomition of the tube were observed complications during management in 19 cases. Vomiting occurred and was a complicating factor in nine cases. The average duration of tube placement was 23 days, and most patients maintained or gained weight while being fed through their esophagostomy tubes.

scholarly journals Delayed Recurrent Post Cochlear Implantation Hydroma: A Four Patients Series

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 82-84
Author(s):  
O. Oulghoul ◽  
F. Hadid ◽  
O. Benhoummad ◽  
Y. Rochdi ◽  
A. Raji
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Fine Needle Aspiration ◽  
Cochlear Implantation ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Minor Complication ◽  
Broad Spectrum Antibiotic ◽  
Fine Needle ◽  
A Minor

Objective: we report our series of late hydroma after cochlear implantation, this complication has not been widely reported in the literature. Method: retrospective study. Results: four children who had undergone a cochlear implantation aged between 3.2 and 5.3 years (median 4.5 years) were studied. The hydroma episode occurred 4 months to 3 years after cochlear implantation. Two patients had two recurrent episodes. No obvious etiological factors were found, including trauma or infection. No patient benefited from a fine needle aspiration or drainage, all the patients were treated with a broad-spectrum antibiotic with corticosteroid and a slightly compressive bandage with good results in all cases. Conclusion: Late-onset hydroma is a minor complication with no obvious etiology and good evolution and risk of recurrence, its management remains no codified due to the limited number of cases reported in the literature.

INFLUENCE OF METYRAPONE ON PLASMA CONCENTRATIONS OF TESTOSTERONE AND ANDROSTENEDIONE IN MAN

1971 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 576-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. O. Nilsson ◽  
B. Hökfelt
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Male Patient ◽  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Basal Plasma ◽  
Normal Males ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Secondary Hypogonadism

ABSTRACT Metyrapone was administered either orally, 750 mg every four h, in a total of six doses, or intravenously 30 mg per kg body weight as a four h infusion. In three males with normal endocrine functions, metyrapone given orally or intravenously induced a fall in plasma testosterone and an elevation of androstenedione within 2–8 h. When metyrapone was administered to a patient given dexamethasone to suppress endogenous ACTH production, the androstenedione levels did not alter whereas the testosterone levels showed a slight, transient decrease. In two normal females metyrapone administration was followed by a marked increase in plasma androstenedione whereas testosterone showed only a minor, gradual increase. In one male patient with Addison's disease the basal plasma testosterone was normal whereas the level of androstenedione was low. Following metyrapone intravenously, there was a slight suppression of plasma testosterone but no change in the androstenedione concentration. In one patient with primary hypogonadism, two with secondary hypogonadism and two with Klinefelter's syndrome the plasma testosterone was low under basal conditions and did not change following metyrapone. Basal plasma androstenedione was within the range for normal males and increased markedly following metyrapone in all the cases.

A Retrospective Study of Dogs Infected with Ehrlichia canis from 2017-2019 in the Thonburi Area of Bangkok Province, Thailand

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Ehrlichia Canis ◽  
Housing System ◽  
Housing Systems ◽  
Mixed Breed ◽  
Canine Monocytic Ehrlichiosis ◽  
Open Housing

Ehrlichia canis is a tick-borne rickettsia. It can cause canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (CME). Infected dogs are often reported to have changes in their blood values, such as anemia, thrombocytopenia, increased liver enzymes, and increased kidney function values. This study aimed to collect data that may be related to infected dogs, including age, gender, breed, weight, close-open housing system, the use of ectoparasiticides products. The sample comprised 57 infected dogs. Collecting hematology and serum biochemistry changes in comparison with the reference values of dogs detected with Ehrlichia canis from 2017-2019, Thonburi District, Bangkok, Thailand was also carried out. In summary, dogs infected with Ehrlichia canis mostly included mixed-breed dogs aged between 1 and 10 years. There were no differences in body weight or housing systems. Dogs that had never used ectoparasiticide products or used them intermittently were infected more often (by 7.14 times) than protected. Clinical hematology and serum biochemistry found anemia, thrombocytopenia, and increased liver enzymes.

Dose-dependent and time-dependent metabolic, hemodynamic, and redox disturbances in dexamethasone-treated Wistar rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elvine P. Nguelefack-Mbuyo ◽  
Fernande P. Peyembouo ◽  
Christian K. Fofié ◽  
Télesphore B. Nguelefack
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Chronic Treatment ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Renal Hypertrophy ◽  
Subchronic Treatment

Abstract Objectives Dexamethasone is used experimentally to induce insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. However, data concerning the dose, the duration of treatment, and the associated comorbidities are inconsistent. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of different doses of dexamethasone and the duration of treatment necessary for the development of a model of insulin resistance that mimics the clinical condition with the associated comorbidities. Methods Dexamethasone was administered intramuscularly to male Wistar rats, at doses of 500 and 1,000 µg/kg/day for the subchronic treatment (eight consecutive days) and at doses of 5, 25, 50, and 100 µg/kg/day in chronic treatment (28 consecutive days). Effects on body weight, metabolism, hemodynamics, renal function, and redox status were evaluated. Results Both treatments induced a progressive body weight loss that was drastic in subchronic treatment, improved glucose tolerance without affecting fasting glycemia. Doses of 1,000 and 100 µg/kg were associated with hypertriglyceridemia, hypertension, and increased heart rate, cardiac and renal hypertrophy. Increased creatinemia associated with reduced creatinuria were observed in sub-chronic treatment while increased proteinuria and reduced creatinuria were noticed in chronic treatment. 1,000 µg/kg dexamethasone caused an increase in hepatic, and renal malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) coupled with a reduction in catalase activity. The dose of 100 µg/kg induced a rise in GSH and catalase activity but reduced MDA levels in the kidney. Conclusions Doses of 1,000 µg/kg for subchronic and 100 µg/kg for chronic treatment exhibited similar effects and are the best doses to respective time frames to induce the model.

scholarly journals Rivaroxaban versus warfarin for the management of left ventricle thrombus

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monirah A. Albabtain ◽  
Yahya Alhebaishi ◽  
Ola Al-Yafi ◽  
Hatim Kheirallah ◽  
Adel Othman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Median Time ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Off Label Use ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Off Label ◽  
Warfarin Group

Abstract Background Rivaroxaban has been recently introduced for the management of non-valvular intra-cardiac thrombosis with variable results. We aimed to compare the results of the off-label use of rivaroxaban versus warfarin in the management of patients with left ventricle (LV) thrombus. This research is a retrospective study conducted on 63 patients who had LV thrombus from January to December 2016. We compared patients treated with warfarin (n=35) to patients who had rivaroxaban (n=28), and study outcomes were time to thrombus resolution, bleeding, stroke, and mortality. Results The median duration of treatment was 9.5 (25th-75th percentiles: 6-32.5) months for rivaroxaban and 14 (3-41) months for warfarin. Thrombus resolution occurred in 24 patients in the warfarin group (68.6%) and 20 patients in the rivaroxaban group (71.4%). The median time to resolution in the warfarin group was 9 (4-20) months and 3 (2-11.5) months in the rivaroxaban group. Thrombus resolution was significantly faster in patients on rivaroxaban (p= 0.019). Predictors of thrombus resolution were thrombus surface area (HR: 1.21; CI 95% (1.0-1.46); p= .048) and the use of rivaroxaban (HR: 1.92; CI 95% (1.01-3.65); p= 0.048). There was no difference in stroke, bleeding, and mortality between both groups. Conclusion Rivaroxaban was as effective and safe as warfarin in managing patients with left ventricle thrombus. Larger randomized clinical trials are recommended to confirm our findings.

scholarly journals The majority of natalizumab-treated MS patients have high natalizumab concentrations at time of re-dosing

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 805-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoé LE van Kempen ◽  
Cyra E Leurs ◽  
Birgit I Witte ◽  
Annick de Vries ◽  
Mike P Wattjes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Trough Serum ◽  
Natalizumab Treatment ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

Background: Natalizumab is efficacious in the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. All patients receive the same treatment regimen of 300 mg every 4 weeks, despite differences in pharmacokinetics between individual patients. Objective: To give neurologists insight into natalizumab concentrations at time of re-dosing, we investigated longitudinal natalizumab concentrations in 80 patients in relation to disease activity, with possible influencing factors. Methods: In a prospective observational cohort study, natalizumab trough serum concentrations were measured in 80 patients. Data on demographics, duration of treatment, Expanded Disability Status Scale, clinical exacerbations, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and body weight were collected. Results: We measured high (≥10 µg/mL) natalizumab trough concentrations in 94% of patients. Intra-individual concentrations were stable. The spread in concentrations was substantial and did not correlate with disease activity. We found a negative association between natalizumab concentration and body weight (β = −0.30, p = 0.010). Interpretation: The majority of patients showed high natalizumab serum concentrations at time of re-dosing. Alternative treatment regimens could lead to more efficient use of natalizumab, but caution is warranted regarding the possibility of recurrence of disease activity. Prospective clinical trials are needed to establish the safety of extended dose intervals in natalizumab treatment.

Netilmicin: Clinical Evaluation of Efficacy and Toxicity of a New Aminoglycoside

1979 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisbeth Nordstrom ◽  
Per Christensson ◽  
Knut Hæger ◽  
Ingmar Juhlin ◽  
Örjan Tjernström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Average Duration ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Vestibular Function ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Hearing Acuity ◽  
Viiith Nerve ◽  
Severe Infections ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Infection

The efficacy and toxicity of netilmicin, a new semisynthetic aminoglycoside, was clinically evaluated in fifty-two patients with moderate to severe infections with Gram-negative rods or Staph, aureus. Average duration of treatment was 14 days and mean total dose 2, 960 mg. One-hour mean value of netilmicin serum concentration was 6·4 μg/ml and mean trough value 1·2 μg/ml. Forty-four patients were cured or improved. In twenty-one of them the effect could be attributed to netilmicin alone; the other twenty-three had a combined therapy. No improvement took place in five, but four of them could not be regarded as netilmicin failure. One patient with Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection was a possible failure. The sensitivity of the causative bacteria to netilmicin was studied and compared with amikacin, gentamicin, sisomicin and tobramycin. Vestibular function and hearing acuity was thoroughly examined by electronystagmography and audiography. Drug-related VIIIth nerve damage could not be confirmed in any of our patients. Five patients showed a rise of serum creatinine of 30 μmol/l. This shows that netilmicin, similar to other aminoglycosides, is a potential nephrotoxic drug. Netilmicin appears to be an efficacious aminoglycoside and the oto- and nephrotoxicity is low, if careful attention is paid to the renal function and the serum concentrations of the drug.

scholarly journals EXPERIMENTAL DEHYDRATION: CHEMICAL CHANGES IN THE BLOOD OF THE DOG CONTRASTED WITH THOSE FOLLOWING OBSTRUCTION OF THE CARDIAC END OF THE STOMACH

1929 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 945-953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell L. Haden ◽  
Thomas G. Orr
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Urine Output ◽  
Average Duration ◽  
Chemical Study ◽  
Protein Nitrogen ◽  
Chemical Changes ◽  
Urea Nitrogen

A comparative chemical study of the blood and the urine of the dog with experimental dehydration and with obstruction of the cardiac end of the stomach is reported. The average duration of life is slightly longer with dehydration than with obstruction. The urine output per kilo of body weight is almost twice as great in dehydration as with obstruction. The increase in non-protein nitrogen and urea nitrogen is much the same in the two groups although somewhat more marked with obstruction. The chlorides of the blood are markedly increased with dehydration and slightly decreased with obstruction. The increase in fibrinogen and total protein is twice as great with obstruction as with dehydration. These findings indicate that there must be some factor or factors in addition to dehydration producing the toxemia of cardiac obstruction.

Total Cervical Tracheal Stenosis: Treatment by Laser, Dilation, and Stenting

1989 ◽  
Vol 98 (11) ◽  
pp. 890-895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley M. Shapshay ◽  
John F. Beamis ◽  
Jean-Francois Dumon
Keyword(s):  
Tracheal Stenosis ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Laser ◽  
Average Duration ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Initial Therapy ◽  
Tube Placement ◽  
T Tube ◽  
Endoscopic Laser ◽  
Laser Excision

Twelve patients with total cervical tracheal stenosis were treated by endoscopic laser excision (neodymium:yttrium aluminum garnet or carbon dioxide laser), bronchoscopic dilation, and prolonged stenting with a silicone T-tube. All patients had previous traumatic or prolonged endotracheal intubation requiring a tracheotomy and presented with aphonia as the major complaint. Multiple laser and dilation treatments were necessary in ten patients. Average duration of T-tube placement was 6 months. Excellent results (decannulation and good voice) were achieved in eight patients with a follow-up of 9 months to 6 years. Persistent granulation tissue and some degree of fibrosis were the most common complications (eight of 12 patients). Two patients died of medical complications. A high success rate with this endoscopic technique justifies this approach as our initial therapy, with open surgical techniques reserved for failure.

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