The use of cannabidiol in the treatment of epilepsy in neuropediatric: a review of the new contributions

Background: Therapeutic cannabinoids are derived from marijuana, a plant of the cannabis genus. Cannabis sativa and Cannabis indica are the two main species. Cannabis plants contain more than 100 cannabinoids, but the biologically active and therapeutically researched ones are 9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabinol (CBD). Cannabinoids have been advocated for a number of neurological and psychiatric disorders, including multiple sclerosis, mood disorders, schizophrenia, Parkinson’s disease, dystonia, neuropathic pain, nausea, anorexia and epilepsy. Epilepsy is a chronic disease characterized by recurrent unprovoked seizures, affecting more than 50 million people worldwide, in the pediatric age group, with childhood epilepsy being one of the most serious and developing epileptic encephalopathies. Objective: In view of the above, the present study proposed to review the use of cannabidiol in the treatment of epilepsy in neuropediatric, with sources published between 2016-2020. Methods: To perform this research, PubMed (https://pubmeed.ncbi.nlm.nih. gov/) and Scielo (https://www.scielo.org/) databases were used as a search tool, using the Key words “Cannabidiol”, “Epilepsy”, “Cannabis” and “Children”. Results: So far, 11 articles related to the study have been identified, the vast majority being reviewed, with 9 articles obtained from PubMed and 2 acquired from Scielo. Selected articles show that CBD is an effective anticonvulsant in many acute animal models, but its antiepileptic mechanisms are not yet fully recognized. In studies with children in Canada and the United States, they suggest an improvement in the frequency of seizures and an improvement in quality of life, but the numbers are still small. Studies report that CBD is well tolerated, however, it causes sedation, diarrhea and decreased appetite. Conclusions: It is necessary to investigate the safety, pharmacokinetics and interaction between drugs already used by patients and CBD, also conducting more double-blind placebo-controlled trials to obtain conclusive data on their efficacy and safety in the most frequent epilepsies in children.

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Safety and efficacy of ADS-5102 (amantadine) extended release capsules to improve walking in multiple sclerosis: A randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial

Multiple Sclerosis Journal ◽

10.1177/1352458518754716 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

pp. 601-609 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jeffrey A Cohen ◽

Samuel F Hunter ◽

Theodore R Brown ◽

Mark Gudesblatt ◽

Ben W Thrower ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Extended Release ◽

The United States ◽

Timed Up And Go ◽

Double Blind ◽

Once Daily ◽

Safety And Efficacy ◽

Phase 2 Trial ◽

Minute Walk

Background: Walking impairment causes disability and reduced quality of life in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Objective: Characterize the safety and efficacy of ADS-5102 (amantadine) extended release capsules, 274 mg administered once daily at bedtime in patients with MS with walking impairment. Methods: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 4-week study was conducted at 14 trial sites in the United States. Study objectives included safety and tolerability of ADS-5102, and efficacy assessments (Timed 25-Foot Walk (T25FW), Timed Up and Go (TUG), 2-Minute Walk Test, and Multiple Sclerosis Walking Scale-12). Fatigue, depression, and cognition also were assessed. Results: A total of 60 patients were randomized (30 to ADS-5102 and 30 to placebo); 59 of whom were treated. The most frequent adverse events (AEs) were dry mouth, constipation, and insomnia. Five ADS-5102 patients and no placebo patients discontinued treatment due to AEs. One patient in the ADS-5102 group experienced a serious AE—suspected serotonin syndrome. A 16.6% placebo-adjusted improvement was seen in the T25FW test ( p < 0.05). A 10% placebo-adjusted improvement in TUG was also observed. No changes in fatigue, depression, or cognition were observed. Conclusion: ADS-5102 was generally well tolerated. These data demonstrate an effect of ADS-5102 on walking speed. Further studies are warranted to confirm these observations.

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Use of 13C-qNMR Spectroscopy for the Analysis of Non-Psychoactive Cannabinoids in Fibre-Type Cannabis sativa L. (Hemp)

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules24061138 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (6) ◽

pp. 1138 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Lucia Marchetti ◽

Virginia Brighenti ◽

Maria Rossi ◽

Johanna Sperlea ◽

Federica Pellati ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fibre Type ◽

Cannabis Sativa ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Resonance Spectroscopy ◽

Active Metabolites ◽

Cannabidiolic Acid ◽

Biologically Active Metabolites ◽

First Time

Cannabis sativa L. is a dioecious plant belonging to the Cannabaceae family. The discovery of the presence of many biologically-active metabolites (cannabinoids) in fibre-type Cannabis (hemp) has recently given rise to the valorisation of this variety. In this context, the present study was aimed at the multi-component analysis and determination of the main non-psychoactive cannabinoids (cannabidiol, cannabidiolic acid, cannabigerol and cannabigerolic acid) in female inflorescences of different hemp varieties by means of 13C quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (qNMR). The method proposed here for the first time for the determination of cannabinoids provided reliable results in a competitive time with respect to the more consolidated HPLC technique. In fact, it gave sufficiently precise and sensitive results, with LOQ values lower than 750 μg/mL, which is easily achievable with concentrated extracts, without affecting the quality of 13C-qNMR spectra. In conclusion, this method can be considered as a promising and appropriate tool for the comprehensive chemical analysis of bioactive cannabinoids in hemp and other derived products in order to ensure their quality, efficacy and safety.

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668. Quality of Life Changes in Patients with Clostridium difficile Infection (CDI): A Randomized, Double-Blind Trial of Ridinilazole (RDZ) Compared with Vancomycin (VAN)

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofz360.736 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. S306-S306

Author(s):

Sumita Paul ◽

Richard Vickers ◽

Kevin W Garey

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

The United States ◽

Double Blind Trial ◽

Phase 3 ◽

Double Blind ◽

Time Points ◽

Blind Trial ◽

Vas Scores ◽

Anxiety Depression

Abstract Background C. difficile is the most frequent hospital-acquired bacteria in the United States. CDI is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, and a 46% lower mean EQ-5D index of Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) compared with the general population. However, data on the impact of antibiotic treatment for CDI on HRQoL are lacking. Methods RDZ is a novel, narrow-spectrum antibiotic with targeted activity against C. difficile, under development for the treatment of CDI and prevention of recurrence. We evaluated HRQoL prospectively with the EQ-5D-3L in 69 patients enrolled in a Phase 2 randomized, double-blind trial comparing RDZ (n = 36) with VAN (n = 33). EQ-5D-3L was obtained at five time points (baseline, days 5, 10, 12, and 40) with summary index values calculated using US weights (Shaw 2005) evaluating raw scores for mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression, and visual analog scale (VAS) scores. Results As early as Day 5, CDI patients on RDZ had significant improvements in mean change from baseline in index scores (P = 0.008) and VAS scores (P = 0.01) but no significant improvements were seen in patients on VAN. Time to resolution of diarrhea also occurred sooner with RDZ with a hazard ratio 1.19 in favor of RDZ (90% CI: 0.76, 1.87). Mean changes in index scores in the VAN group took longer to improve significantly compared with baseline and became higher on VAN on Day 12 and Day 40. Treatment-related improvements in pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression are shown in Figures 1 and 2. The mean change from baseline in EQ-5D-3L domains showed the highest (significant) improvements in the pain/discomfort domain for both treatment groups across all time points. However, by Day 40, anxiety/depression improved significantly more with RDZ than with VAN (P = 0.039). Conclusion We believe this is the first study to document improvements in HRQoL after antimicrobial treatment for CDI. Patients receiving ridinilazole experienced greater improvements in HRQoL sooner than those on VAN. Anxiety/depression and pain/discomfort improved significantly with treatment. HRQoL should be evaluated in Phase 3 interventional studies for CDI. These results will need to be validated in the ongoing Phase 3 randomized, double-blind, global trials comparing RDZ to VAN for the treatment of CDI. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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Семенная продуктивность свеклы: влияние биологически активных препаратов

Kartofel` i ovoshi ◽

10.25630/pav.2018.7.18247 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

L.A. Yusupova

Keyword(s):

Biologically Active ◽

Single Plant ◽

Vegetative Part ◽

Red Beet

Приведены результаты влияния биологически активных препаратов (БАП) на продуктивность семенного куста раздельноплодной (одно-двусемянной) свеклы столовой сорта Хуторянка. Обработка растений БАП повлияла на формирование надземной вегетативной части растений и на качество семян свеклы столовой, а также позволила повысить выход семян с одного растения и улучшить качество семян.The results of the influence of biologically active preparations on (BAP) the productivity of the seed bush of a single-seeded (one-seeded) red beet of Khutorianka cultivar are given. The treatment of plants of the BAP influenced the formation of the aboveground vegetative part of plants and the quality of beet seed, and also increased the yield of seeds from a single plant and improved the quality of seeds.

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