scholarly journals Relation of Parents Economical, Educational and Awareness on Immunization Status of Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 965-967
Author(s):  
Lubna Riaz ◽  
Waqas Ali Khan ◽  
Shamayal Mandokhel ◽  
Asfand Tariq ◽  
Neelam Faryad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Income Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Income ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Immunization Status ◽  
The Mean

Aim: To determine the immunization status of children 0 to 2 years and factors leading to low vaccination status in children visiting tertiary care center. Study design: Cross-sectional study Place and duration of study: Department of Paediatrics Shaikh Zayed Hospital Lahore from 1st November 2019 to 31st April 2020. Methodology: Five hundred children age between 0-2 years were enrolled after fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: The mean age was 9.9±6.1 months, with mean weight of 7.4±3.4 kg and 200 (40%) were male and 300 (60%) were female patients. Sixty (12%) were not vaccinated, 145 (29%) partially vaccinated and 295 (59%) fully vaccinated. In the distribution by income level 255 (51%),180 (36%) and 65 (13%) parents were having low, middle and high income respectively; By education level,155 (31%) with no education, 140 (28%) some education and 205 (41%) with high education, regarding knowledge of immunization, 50 (10%) had no knowledge, 215 (43% )had wrong perception of immunization and 235 (47%) were fully aware.295 (59%) had up-to-date immunization Conclusion: More than half of the study populations were upto date about immunization status. It is also concluded that majority of parents of low-income level and uneducated were unknown about immunization status and majority of middle and high-income level and educated people were partial known or up-to-date about immunization status Keywords: Economical level, Educational level, Awareness level, Immunization status

scholarly journals Usefulness of the Non-Contact Tonometry in Out-Patient Screening

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Satheesh Solomon T Selvin ◽  
Chris Elsa Samson Jacob ◽  
Thomas Kuriakose
Keyword(s):  
Central Corneal Thickness ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Applanation Tonometry ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Iop Measurement ◽  
The Mean

Purpose: Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) is considered the gold standard for Intraocular Pressure (IOP) measurement. It has the disadvantages of being a contact device, need for a slit-lamp, non-portability and need of a skilled examiner. Many hospitals are using a Non Contact Tonometry (NCT) as a screening device to save clinician time, however the usefulness is not proved in terms of reliability. This study was aimed to determine the usefulness of the Air-puff tonometer (TONOREF NIDEK II, NIDEK CO., LTD., JAPAN) over a GAT in a tertiary care center. Design: Cross-sectional Study Methods: This was a cross-sectional, non interventional observational study conducted on 224 eyes (right eye) from 224 patients. All patients underwent the IOP measurement with both methods and a central corneal thickness (CCT) measured. The data was analyzed using SPSS 20.0 software. Results: The mean age of the patients was 40.3±11.29 years. There was a statistically significant difference (p<0.001) between the mean NCT and GAT readings which persisted even after correction for central corneal thickness. The correlation between NCT and GAT using Pearson’s correlation coefficient was strong irrespective of the corrections for their corneal thickness (r = 0.751 and 0.718 for uncorrected and corrected values respectively). The correlation of the individual clinicians for the readings varied from moderate to strong. The ROC curve showed the best sensitivity and specificity to occur at around 13 to 14 mmHg. Conclusion: NCT seems to overestimate the IOP at low ranges as compared to the GAT and underestimate at higher ranges. The crossover of the values is seen between 12 to 13 mmHg.  The clinician should do an individualized analysis of his/her GAT measurements to the readings of the NCT machine at the clinic to obtain clinician specific nomogram. 

scholarly journals Knowledge and Acceptance of Labour Analgesia in Pregnant Women

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona Sharma ◽  
Saurya Dhungel ◽  
Sujata Niroula ◽  
Manan Karki
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Acceptance Rate ◽  
Labour Analgesia ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Labour analgesia, though practiced worldwide, is not very popular in low-income countries. The aim of the study was to assess the awareness, attitude, acceptance, and reasons for hindrance of labour analgesia among patients visiting a tertiary care center in the capital cityMethods: It was a cross sectional study conducted in Obstetrics and Gynecology outpatient department of Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital in the month of August 2017. All pregnant patients presenting for antenatal checkup was included. Data was collected based on a questionnaire after informed consent. Statistical analysis was done in SPSS version 20 and results were expressed in frequencies and percentage.Results: Total of 270 pregnant women participated in the study. Out of these forty-four (16.3%) patients were aware about labour analgesia. The acceptance rate was high (72.2%). Majority (84.6%) had no problem with expenditure associated with labour analgesia.Conclusions: Despite low awareness about painless delivery among the antenatal women, the acceptance rate is high.

scholarly journals Study of incidence and severity of menopausal symptoms in women of sub Himalayan region, using the Greene Climacteric Scale

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1102
Author(s):  
Geetika Syal ◽  
Neha Mohindroo ◽  
Anshul Rana ◽  
Rita Mittal
Keyword(s):  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Lower Abdominal Pain ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Menopausal Symptoms ◽  
Hot Flushes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Northern India ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
The Mean

Background: Identifying and measuring menopausal symptoms using Greene Climacteric Scale and calculating the mean age at menopause to find out the frequency of the menopausal symptoms so that can be used for better perimenapausal and menopausal care to females.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care center in northern India. All menopausal women in gynaecology outpatient department were enrolled in study, over six months from May 2019 to October 2019. A total of 206 women fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were interviewed using the 21 points Greene Climateric Scale (GCS) Questionnaire. Analysis was done using SPSS 20 Windows software. Descriptive statistics included computation of percentages, means and standard deviations. Level of significance was set at P≤0.05.Results: The mean age of menopause was 47.9±3.42 years. About 90.3% of the menopausal women studied belonged to the rural population. The most frequently perceived symptoms by females were muscle joint pain (100%), vaginal dryness and pruritus vulvae (84%), lower abdominal pain (79.6%), hot flushes (50.5%).The most frequently reported symptoms as per the GCS were muscle and joint pains, loss of interest in sex, headaches, feeling tired or lacking in energy, difficulty in concentrating, attacks of anxiety, difficulty in sleeping and hot flushes. The mean total score was 17.61.Conclusions: Menopausal symptoms were common in this study group but women seeking help for the same was less. Therefore menopause clinics and care programmes need to be developed and strengthened to promote better health and higher quality of life in menopausal women.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Acceptance of Labour Analgesia in Pregnant Women

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona Sharma ◽  
Saurya Dhungel ◽  
Sujata Niroula ◽  
Manan Karki
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Acceptance Rate ◽  
Labour Analgesia ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Labour analgesia, though practiced worldwide, is not very popular in low-income countries. The aim of the study was to assess the awareness, attitude, acceptance, and reasons for hindrance of labour analgesia among patients visiting a tertiary care center in the capital cityMethods: It was a cross sectional study conducted in Obstetrics and Gynecology outpatient department of Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital in the month of August 2017. All pregnant patients presenting for antenatal checkup was included. Data was collected based on a questionnaire after informed consent. Statistical analysis was done in SPSS version 20 and results were expressed in frequencies and percentage.Results: Total of 270 pregnant women participated in the study. Out of these forty-four (16.3%) patients were aware about labour analgesia. The acceptance rate was high (72.2%). Majority (84.6%) had no problem with expenditure associated with labour analgesia.Conclusions: Despite low awareness about painless delivery among the antenatal women, the acceptance rate is high. Keywords: Acceptance; Awareness; Labour analgesia.

scholarly journals Immunization status of children attending immunization clinic at a tertiary care government hospital of Agra district

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 3604
Author(s):  
Amit Kumar Mehto ◽  
Rudresh Negi ◽  
Sembagamuthu Sembiah
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Family Type ◽  
Government Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Immunization Status ◽  
Care Givers ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Full Immunization

Background: Immunization coverage in India has increased over the decades and has led to decrease in child mortality. However challenges remain in terms of partial and no immunization and its causes. This study assesses the immunization status of children attending the immunization clinic and the reasons for partial or non-immunization at tertiary care government hospital of Agra district.Methods: It was a cross-sectional study and included all children between ages 9 months and 5 years during the study period. A pre-design, semi-structured, face validated and pilot tested was used after written informed consent of care givers. Data was analysed using SPSS.Results: Of the 652 children enrolled the mean age was 24.2 months. Most of the children were born in an institution (95.2%) and were from an urban area (81.9%). More than one-thirds of the children, 40.2% (n=262) were fully immunized for their age. Of the 390 partially or unimmunized the most common cause was no knowledge of vaccination‎/next dose (n=120, 30.8%) and inaccessibility/transport issues (n=120, 30.8%). On logistic regression sex of the child, mother’s education and occupation, family type were found to be significantly associated with the immunization status.Conclusions: This study indicated low full immunization and high partial immunization among attendees of immunization clinic in the institution; with lack of knowledge and transport difficulties being the primary reasons for it.

scholarly journals Patient Satisfaction in Out-patient Services at a Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (225) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisasha Poudel ◽  
Swechhya Baskota ◽  
Prajita Mali ◽  
Priza Pradhananga ◽  
Nabina Malla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Tertiary Care Center ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patient’S Satisfaction ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Patient satisfaction is an important and commonly used valid indicator for themeasurement of service quality. Patient responses to healthcare services are one of the bestways to obtain information about patient views regarding the quality of healthcare. The mainaim of the study was to find out the patient’s satisfaction level in the tertiary care center. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 94 outpatients at a tertiary carecenter. Data were collected after obtaining ethical clearance from the institutional review committee.Patients were selected conveniently who visited any four of the major department. We collecteddemographic data and the patient satisfaction towards outpatient clinic experience was studied. Weused the Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire–18 to assess patient satisfaction. Data were entered andanalyzed in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 23. The mean score and the standarddeviation were calculated. Results: Overall satisfaction was 74.78% with a mean value of 3.7394±0.40128. The highest satisfactionscore was found in regards to the interpersonal manner of health personnel (4.2872±0.61561) followedby communication (3.9628±0.40982) and the lowest was seen in accessibility and convenience(3.2394±0.81478). Conclusions: The mean score and percentage of patient satisfaction were high in the hospital.However, the accessibility and availability of medical personnel were only a matter of concern.

Prehospital Intubations Are Associated with Elevated Endotracheal Tube Cuff Pressures: A Cross-Sectional Study Characterizing ETT Cuff Pressures at a Tertiary Care Emergency Department

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Ruo S. Chen ◽  
Laurel O’Connor ◽  
Matthew R. Rebesco ◽  
Kara L. LaBarge ◽  
Edgar J. Remotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endotracheal Tube ◽  
Cuff Pressure ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Endotracheal Tube Cuff ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tube Cuff ◽  
Respiratory Therapists ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Introduction: Emergency Medical Services (EMS) providers are trained to place endotracheal tubes (ETTs) in the prehospital setting when indicated. Endotracheal tube cuffs are traditionally inflated with 10cc of air to provide adequate seal against the tracheal lumen. There is literature suggesting that many ETTs are inflated well beyond the accepted safe pressures of 20-30cmH2O, leading to potential complications including ischemia, necrosis, scarring, and stenosis of the tracheal wall. Currently, EMS providers do not routinely check ETT cuff pressures. It was hypothesized that the average ETT cuff pressure of patients arriving at the study site who were intubated by EMS exceeds the safe pressure range of 20-30cmH2O. Objectives: While ETT cuff inflation is necessary to close the respiratory system, thus preventing air leaks and aspiration, there is evidence to suggest that over-inflated ETT cuffs can cause long-term complications. The purpose of this study is to characterize the cuff pressures of ETTs placed by EMS providers. Methods: This project was a single center, prospective observational study. Endotracheal tube cuff pressures were measured and recorded for adult patients intubated by EMS providers prior to arrival at a large, urban, tertiary care center over a nine-month period. All data were collected by respiratory therapists utilizing a cuff pressure measurement device which had a detectable range of 0-100cmH2O and was designed as a syringe. Results including basic patient demographics, cuff pressure, tube size, and EMS service were recorded. Results: In total, 45 measurements from six EMS services were included with ETT sizes ranging from 6.5-8.0mm. Mean patient age was 52.2 years (67.7% male). Mean cuff pressure was 81.8cmH2O with a range of 15 to 100 and a median of 100. The mode was 100cmH2O; 40 out of 45 (88.9%) cuff pressures were above 30cmH2O. Linear regression showed no correlation between age and ETT cuff pressure or between ETT size and cuff pressure. Two-tailed T tests did not show a significant difference in the mean cuff pressure between female versus male patients. Conclusion: An overwhelming majority of prehospital intubations are associated with elevated cuff pressures, and cuff pressure monitoring education is indicated to address this phenomenon.

A Comparison of Falls and Dizziness Handicap by Vestibular Diagnosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ryan J. Huang ◽  
Sherri L. Smith ◽  
Libor Brezina ◽  
Kristal M. Riska
Keyword(s):  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Vestibular Migraine ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positional Vertigo ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

Purpose There is a paucity of data that directly compares the falls rate and dizziness handicap of different vestibular diagnoses. The purpose of this study is to compare the falls rate and dizziness handicap of common vestibular diagnoses encountered among a cohort of vestibular patients at a single institution. Method We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study of patients evaluated for dizziness at a tertiary care center vestibular clinic between August 1, 2017, and March 19, 2019. Vestibular diagnosis, demographic variables, comorbidities, falls status, and Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) were extracted from the medical record for analysis. Associations between vestibular diagnosis and falls history or DHI were evaluated using multivariate logistic and linear regression, respectively. Results A total of 283 patients met our inclusion criteria with the following diagnoses: benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV; n = 55), acoustic neuroma ( n = 30), Ménière's disease ( n = 28), multiple vestibular diagnoses ( n = 15), vestibular migraine ( n = 135), or vestibular neuritis ( n = 20). After adjusting for age, sex, race, medications, and comorbidities, the odds of falling was 2.47 times greater (95% CI [1.08, 6.06], p = .039) and the DHI score was 11.66 points higher (95% CI [4.99, 18.33], p < .001) in those with vestibular migraine compared to those with BPPV. Other diagnoses were comparable to BPPV with respect to odds of falling and dizziness handicap. Conclusions Patients with vestibular migraine may suffer an increased risk of falls and dizziness handicap compared to patients with BPPV. Our findings highlight the need for timely evaluation and treatment of all patients with vestibular disease.

scholarly journals Infant Feeding Practices and Perceived Optimal Breastfeeding Interventions among Low-Income Women Delivering at a Baby-Friendly Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (07) ◽  
pp. 669-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam K. Lewkowitz ◽  
Nandini Raghuraman ◽  
Julia D. López ◽  
George A. Macones ◽  
Alison G. Cahill
Keyword(s):  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Perceived Usefulness ◽  
Breastfeeding Initiation ◽  
Infant Feeding Practices ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Income Women

Objective To determine infant feeding practices of low-income women at a Baby-Friendly Hospital and to ascertain breastfeeding interventions they believe would increase exclusive breastfeeding. Study Design This cross-sectional study occurred at a tertiary care Baby-Friendly Hospital. Low-income women without breastfeeding contraindications were recruited at scheduled obstetrician/gynecologist appointments within 6 to 9 months of delivering a term, nonanomalous infant. Participants completed a survey. Outcomes included infant feeding patterns and perceived usefulness of proposed breastfeeding interventions. Results Of 149 participants, 129 (86.6%) initiated breastfeeding; by postpartum day 2 (PPD2), 47 (31.5%) exclusively breastfed, 51 (34.2%) breastfed with formula, and 51 (34.2%) exclusively formula fed. On a scale of 1 (“strongly agree”) to 5 (“strongly disagree”), women who supplemented with formula on PPD2 were significantly more likely than those who exclusively formula fed to agree education on neonatal behavior, 1 (interquartile range [IQR] 1, 2) versus 2 (IQR 1, 3); p = 0.026 and on-demand access to breastfeeding videos on latch or positioning, 1 (IQR 1, 2) versus 2 (IQR 1, 3), p = 0.043; 1 (IQR 1, 2) versus 2 (IQR 1, 3), p = 0.021, respectively, would have helped them exclusively breastfeed. Conclusion Though low-income women at a Baby-Friendly Hospital had high breastfeeding initiation rates, the majority used formula by PPD2. To increase breastfeeding rates among low-income women, future interventions should provide appropriate and effective breastfeeding interventions.

scholarly journals Timing and reasons for antenatal care booking among women in a tertiary health care center in Southern Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 3731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ntiense Macaulay Utuk ◽  
Anyiekere Ekanem ◽  
Aniekan Monday Abasiattai
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Safe Motherhood ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Secondary ◽  
Health Care Center ◽  
Southern Nigeria ◽  
The Mean

Background: Antenatal care is one of the four pillars of safe motherhood and its benefits in preventing adverse feto-maternal outcome is proven. Commencement of antenatal care early has been shown to be key for this benefit to be fully realized. The aim of this study was to determine the antenatal booking pattern of pregnant women and its determinants in our environment.Methods: A cross sectional study of women attending the booking clinic in the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Akwa Ibom State, Southern Nigeria over a three-month period.Results: The mean age of the respondents was 28.5 years. The mean gestational age at booking was 18.3 weeks. The majority of the patients were married (94.1%). 68.1% had a post-secondary education. 33.5% of patients were nultiparous, while 3.5% were grand multiparous. The majority of patients (72.4%) booked late for antenatal care. Age group, marital status, mode of delivery was not significantly associated with timing of booking. High levels of patient’s education, high levels of husband’s education as well as grand multiparity were significantly associated with late booking (P<0.05). Majority (65.4%) of patients claimed that it was safe to book at any time during pregnancy.Conclusions: The majority of women booked late for antenatal care. In our study, we have found that general and health education, subsidisation of cost for antenatal care and introduction of focused antenatal care will help to reverse this trend.

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