Remotely Supervised Home-Based Resistance Training and Orthostatic Tolerance in Young Physically Inactive Women During COVID-19

Introduction: Orthostatic intolerance (OI) is the inability of the cardiovascular system to adequately adjust to gravity upon standing, resulting in lightheadedness or syncope. OI can be characteristic of pathology (e.g. postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome), which disproportionately affect women, and is compounded by inactivity. Thus, we tested the effects of remotely supervised home-based, 4-week resistance training (RT) program vs. control on the orthostatic stress response of previously inactive young females using the NASA Lean Test (NLT). Methods: Systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressures, and heart rate (HR) were assessed during the NLT, pre- and post-training, along with fitness and body composition in females randomized to RT or control (n=7). Results: RT improved fitness (group*intervention, p=0.047) and fat-mass (-3.4±2.9 vs. +0.3±0.7Δlbs, p=0.037) over control. The NLT significantly altered SBP, DBP, and HR (all, p<0.01). For SBP, the interaction of group*intervention approached significance (p=0.071), lowering SBP in the RT group with the intervention. In DBP, the group*intervention was not significant (p=0.558). For HR, the group*intervention interaction approached significance (p=0.066). Conclusions: In the current study, short-term remotely-supervised RT using bands tended to decrease SBP and HR during orthostatic stress in young, otherwise healthy, previously inactive females, suggesting improved health but perhaps not orthostatic tolerance.

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Effects of head-down-tilt bed rest on cerebral hemodynamics during orthostatic stress

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1997.83.6.2139 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 83 (6) ◽

pp. 2139-2145 ◽

Cited By ~ 73

Author(s):

Rong Zhang ◽

Julie H. Zuckerman ◽

James A. Pawelczyk ◽

Benjamin D. Levine

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Cardiac Output ◽

Cerebral Autoregulation ◽

Orthostatic Intolerance ◽

Bed Rest ◽

Cerebral Hemodynamics ◽

Orthostatic Stress ◽

Orthostatic Tolerance ◽

Mean Velocity ◽

Significant Difference

Zhang, Rong, Julie H. Zuckerman, James A. Pawelczyk, and Benjamin D. Levine. Effects of head-down-tilt bed rest on cerebral hemodynamics during orthostatic stress. J. Appl. Physiol. 83(6): 2139–2145, 1997.—Our aim was to determine whether the adaptation to simulated microgravity (μG) impairs regulation of cerebral blood flow (CBF) during orthostatic stress and contributes to orthostatic intolerance. Twelve healthy subjects (aged 24 ± 5 yr) underwent 2 wk of −6° head-down-tilt (HDT) bed rest to simulate hemodynamic changes that occur when humans are exposed to μG. CBF velocity in the middle cerebral artery (transcranial Doppler), blood pressure, cardiac output (acetylene rebreathing), and forearm blood flow were measured at each level of a ramped protocol of lower body negative pressure (LBNP; −15, −30, and −40 mmHg × 5 min, −50 mmHg × 3 min, then −10 mmHg every 3 min to presyncope) before and after bed rest. Orthostatic tolerance was assessed by using the cumulative stress index (CSI; mmHg × minutes) for the LBNP protocol. After bed rest, each individual’s orthostatic tolerance was reduced, with the group CSI decreased by 24% associated with greater decreases in cardiac output and greater increases in systemic vascular resistance at each level of LBNP. Before bed rest, mean CBF velocity decreased by 14, 10, and 45% at −40 mmHg, −50 mmHg, and maximal LBNP, respectively. After bed rest, mean velocity decreased by 16% at −30 mmHg and by 21, 35, and 39% at −40 mmHg, −50 mmHg, and maximal LBNP, respectively. Compared with pre-bed rest, post-bed-rest mean velocity was less by 11, 10, and 21% at −30, −40, and −50 mmHg, respectively. However, there was no significant difference at maximal LBNP. We conclude that cerebral autoregulation during orthostatic stress is impaired by adaptation to simulated μG as evidenced by an earlier and greater fall in CBF velocity during LBNP. We speculate that impairment of cerebral autoregulation may contribute to the reduced orthostatic tolerance after bed rest.

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Short-Term Resistance Training Attenuates Cardiac Autonomic Dysfunction in Obese Adolescents

Pediatric Exercise Science ◽

10.1123/pes.2015-0191 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 28 (3) ◽

pp. 374-380 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Paulo Farinatti ◽

Silvio Rodrigues Marques Neto ◽

Ingrid Dias ◽

Felipe A. Cunha ◽

Eliete Bouskela ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Waist Circumference ◽

Resistance Training ◽

Autonomic Dysfunction ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Total Power ◽

Short Term ◽

Obese Adolescents ◽

Cardiac Autonomic Dysfunction ◽

Blood Pressures ◽

Age And Sex

Purpose:Cardiac autonomic dysfunction (CADysf) in children is often associated to obesity and may be attenuated by physical activity. In this study, we investigated the effects of resistance training (RT) upon CADysf assessed by heart rate variability (HRV) in obese adolescents.Method:Volunteers were assigned into groups according to standard deviation scores for body mass index (z-BMI) and percentile for age and sex: obese (OB; z-BMI from 2 to 3 and ≥ 95th percentile, n = 24) and normal weight controls (CG; z-BMI from -2–1 and < 85th percentile, n = 20). OB performed isolated RT during 12 weeks [3 sets of 6–10reps with 70–85% 10RM]. Waist circumference, systolic/diastolic blood pressures (SBP/DBP), lipids, and HRV were assessed at baseline. Only OB underwent postintervention assessments.Results:At baseline, SBP (122.4 ± 9.1 vs. 109.7 ± 11.5 mmHg, p < .001) and DBP (76.1 ± 7.1 vs. 65.3 ± 5.9 mmHg, p < .001) were higher, while parasympathetic HRV indexes were lower (p < .05) in OB compared with CG. After RT, waist circumference (3%, p < .001) and SBP (10%, p < .001) reduced in OB. Parasympathetic indexes of HRV increased in OB (SDNN: 25%, p = .03; rMSSD: 48%, p = .0006; pNN50: 67%, p = .001; total power: 54%, p = .01; HF: 101%, p = .001) and baseline differences between groups for sympathetic and parasympathetic activities were no longer observed after RT.Conclusion:RT attenuated CAdyfs and BP in obese adolescents, by increasing parasympathetic activity and decreasing sympatho-vagal balance.

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Home-based Resistance Training for Adults With Severe Obesity

Case Medical Research ◽

10.31525/ct1-nct03900962 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

Resistance Training ◽

Severe Obesity ◽

Home Based

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Short-term resistance training in older adults improves muscle quality: A randomized control trial

Experimental Gerontology ◽

10.1016/j.exger.2020.111195 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 145 ◽

pp. 111195

Author(s):

Ashley A. Herda ◽

Omid Nabavizadeh

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Resistance Training ◽

Randomized Control Trial ◽

Muscle Quality ◽

Short Term ◽

Randomized Control

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The effects of short-term mindfulness-based group intervention utilising a school setting for Japanese adolescents with trauma

Journal of Psychologists and Counsellors in Schools ◽

10.1017/jgc.2020.18 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Daisuke Ito ◽

Yuki Kubo ◽

Ayako Takii ◽

Asuka Watanabe ◽

Tetsuhiro Ohtani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

High School Students ◽

Group Intervention ◽

School Setting ◽

Control Group ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Short Term ◽

School Students ◽

Japanese Adolescents ◽

Intervention Session

Abstract The use of mindfulness as a tool to improve mental health has received increased attention. Schools provide ideal environments for short-term prevention and skill development for mental health. Further, teachers can promote and reinforce students’ daily use of mindfulness. This study explored the effects of a short-term group mindfulness-based intervention on the mental health of adolescents who have experienced trauma. A total of 49 high school students received a mindfulness-based intervention session followed by homework and teacher reinforcement. The results suggest that a short-term group intervention for mindfulness can potentially improve mindfulness attention awareness and reduce depression and anxiety symptoms in adolescents. As there was no control group, additional research examining the effectiveness of the intervention is essential.

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Circulating levels of growth hormone in postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-87983-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Madeleine Johansson ◽

Fabrizio Ricci ◽

Janin Schulte ◽

Margaretha Persson ◽

Olle Melander ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Growth Hormone ◽

Orthostatic Intolerance ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Symptom Assessment ◽

Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome ◽

Daily Life Activities ◽

Median Plasma ◽

Symptom Assessment Scale ◽

Plasma Gh

AbstractPostural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is a cardiovascular autonomic disorder with poorly understood etiology and underlying pathophysiology. Since cardiovascular morbidity has been linked to growth hormone (GH), we studied GH levels in patients with POTS. We conducted an age-sex-matched case–control study in patients with POTS (age 31 ± 9 years; n = 42) and healthy controls (32 ± 9 years; n = 46). Plasma GH levels were measured using high-sensitivity chemiluminescence sandwich immunoassay. The burden of orthostatic intolerance symptoms was assessed by the Orthostatic Hypotension Questionnaire (OHQ), consisting of a symptom assessment scale (OHSA) and a daily activity scale (OHDAS). POTS patients had significantly higher composite OHQ score than controls, more symptoms and less activity. Supine heart rate and diastolic blood pressure (BP), but not systolic BP, were significantly higher in POTS. Median plasma GH levels were significantly lower in POTS (0.53 ng/mL) than controls (2.33 ng/mL, p = 0.04). GH levels were inversely related to OHDAS in POTS and supine systolic BP in POTS and controls, but not heart rate neither group. POTS is associated with lower GH levels. Impairment of daily life activities is inversely related with GH in POTS. A higher supine diastolic BP is inversely associated with GH levels in POTS and healthy individuals.

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Endurance and resistance training lowers C-reactive protein in young, healthy females

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1139/h11-077 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 36 (5) ◽

pp. 660-670 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Laura A. Daray ◽

Tara M. Henagan ◽

Michael Zanovec ◽

Conrad P. Earnest ◽

Lisa G. Johnson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Resistance Training ◽

Body Fat ◽

Aerobic Capacity ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Young Females ◽

Marathon Training ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Body Strength ◽

Additional Resistance

The purpose of this study was to determine whether endurance (E) or endurance + resistance (ER) training affects C-reactive protein (CRP) and if these changes are related to alterations in fitness and (or) body composition in young females. Thirty-eight females (aged 18–24 years) were assigned to 1 of 3 groups: (1) E, (2) ER or (3) active control (AC). The E and ER groups completed 15 weeks of marathon training. The ER group performed additional resistance training and the AC group maintained their usual exercise routine. Primary outcomes were measured pre- and post-training and included anthropometric indices, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, plasma CRP, time to complete 1.5 miles (in minutes), and upper and lower body strength tests (i.e., 8 repetition max on bench and leg press (ER group only)). There were no differences in any variable among the groups at baseline. After training, the E group decreased time to complete 1.5 miles (p < 0.05). The AC group decreased percent and absolute body fat while the E group decreased percent body fat, absolute body fat, and android and gynoid body fat (p < 0.05). The ER group significantly improved strength (p < 0.001) and reduced plasma CRP from 2.0 ± 1.1 to 0.8 ± 0.3 mg·L–1 (p = 0.03). No significant associations were observed between CRP and measures of body composition or aerobic capacity. Combined endurance and resistance training may be an effective modality for reducing plasma CRP in young adult females independent of changes in aerobic capacity or body composition.

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