Studies of Water and Sediment Quality of Owalla Dam, Osun State, Nigeria

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Abdus-Salam
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
World Health ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Geochemical Composition ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Silica Alumina

Dam water and sediment were collected from ten different locations on Owalla dam to evaluate the quality of the water. The average values of most physical-chemical parameters, the pH, temperature, total dissolved solid (TDS), NO3-, total hardness (TH) were within World Health Organization (WHO) and United State Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) guidelines for drinking water. There was correlation between the results of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), sulphate and phosphate which were higher than the USEPA, Standard Organization of Nigeria (SON) or Canadian standard for drinking water. This is an indication of high load of organic pollutants. The dam sediments are texturally immatured coarse sands dominantly comprised of sub-angular to sub-rounded quartz, alkali feldspars with clay and iron-oxide coatings. The sediments geochemical composition is essentially silica, alumina and iron oxide. Toxic trace elements including Cd and Pb occur in very minor to insignificant concentrations with Igeo (index of geo-accumulation) values classifying the sediments as unpolluted. The sediments are also characterised by variably-high CIA (chemical index of alteration) values (av. 60) which is an indication that their derivation was from moderate to high tropical weathered source areas.

scholarly journals Comparative Studies of Water and Sediment Qualities of Some Dams in Kwara State

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Abdus-Salam
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollution ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Who Guidelines ◽  
Water And Sediment

Potable water is becoming progressively scarce due to anthropogenic pollution and it has necessitated monitoring of water quality of rivers and dams as a subject of ongoing concern and research. This study was conducted to assess the quality of water collected from four different dams (Agba, Igbaja, Oloru and Omu-Aran) in Kwara State, Nigeria using standard procedures. Water and sediment samples were collected from three different spatial locations on the dams. The average values of most physicochemical parameters like pH, temperature, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), Total Hardness (TH), Alkalinity, some nutrients such as chloride (Cl-), sulphate (SO42-), phosphate (PO43-), nitrate (NO3-) and some heavy metals such as Cu, Zn have values that were within World Health Organisation (WHO) guidelines for drinking water for each of the dams while Cd and Fe concentrations were observed to be much higher than WHO guidelines for drinking water. This could be as a result of anthropogenic input. The dams’ sediments analyzed for heavy metals showed that Mn, Zn and Cd were high in the dams, which can be easily washed into the water body through leaching, thereby causing detrimental effect to the consumers.

scholarly journals Pre-Post Monsoon Assessment of Ground Water of Ghot Village in Gadchiroli District

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 3444-3448
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
World Health ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Drinking Water Source

there basic need of human being that is food, shelter and Cloth. So as In food water is very important after air, around 72% of earth surface is covered with water but among them only few percentage of source are available for drinking and other domestic purposed. Sub-Surface water is one of the most priceless naturally occurring things which balance human health and development of ecology. In this research find out safe drinking water source in Ghot village of Gadchiroli district. Also find determine chipset filtration process required other drinking water sources so that people from Ghot village are easily use this water for drinking and domestic purposed. With the help of sample analysis from different location of Ghot village are tested in laboratory and check with BIS and WHO standards. Water quality guidelines provide a threshold value for each parameter for drinking water. It is necessary that the quality of drinking water should be checked at regular time intervals, because due to the use of contaminated drinking water, the human population suffers from various water borne diseases. There are some parameters of drinking water quality parameters like World Health Organization (WHO) and Indian Standard IS 12500: 2012. The objectives of this study are to analyses the underground water quality of Ghot Village of Gadchiroli region by water quality index. In this research 11 sample point location were selected on five parameter which are essential for check for quality. Physico-chemical parameters such as PH, Turbidity, Total Hardness, Fluoride and Total Dissolved Solids collected different place like boar well, pond, River etc. In this study find out the range of water quality index so that treatment on water can be perform properly on respective drinking water source

The role of decentralized municipal desalination plants in removal of physical, chemical and microbial parameters from drinking water: a case study in Bushehr, Iran

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vahid Noroozi Karbasdehi ◽  
Sina Dobaradaran ◽  
Farshid Soleimani ◽  
Hossein Arfaeinia ◽  
Mohammad Javad Mohammadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
World Health ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Residual Chlorine ◽  
Who Guidelines ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Desalination Plants

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of decentralized municipal desalination plants in removal of physical, chemical and microbial parameters from drinking water in Bushehr, Iran and compare the quality of outlet water with guidelines for drinking water. Fifty samples were taken from 10 decentralized municipal desalination plants (five times from every station). The mean values of physical, chemical and microbial parameters in outlet water were electrical conductivity (322.08 μS/cm), turbidity (0.0 NTU), pH (6.84), alkalinity (61.2 mg/L), carbonate (0 mg/L), bicarbonate (61.2 mg/L), total hardness (82.96 mg/L), calcium hardness (73.8 mg/L), magnesium hardness (18.96 mg/L) as CaCO3, calcium (29.52 mg/L), magnesium (4.72 mg/L), residual chlorine (0.37 mg/L), chloride (25.61 mg/L), TDS (161.04 mg/L), iron (0.045), fluoride (0.167 mg/L), nitrate (1.71 mg/L), nitrite (0.0026 mg/L), sulphate (107.17 mg/L), total coliform (0), fecal coliform (0) (MPN/100 mL) and HPC (322.9 CFU/mL). Our results showed that 10% of HPC outlet samples did not comply with the Iranian National Regulation (INR), Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. The mean levels of examined parameters in desalination plants' outlets generally complied with the INR, EPA and WHO guidelines. Decentralized municipal desalination plants efficiency in removal of measured parameters were in the range of 18.52 (in the case of nitrite) to 100% (in the case of turbidity).

ANALYZING THE QUALITY OF GROUND WATER IN KADUNA SOUTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 413-418
Author(s):  
Paul Yohanna ◽  
Ocheme Victor Apeh ◽  
Timothy Lawuyi
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
World Health ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Groundwater Exploitation ◽  
Sampling Points

The study examines the groundwater quality of Kaduna south Local government area. The physio-chemical analysis of PH, sulphate, Phosphate, chloride, Iron, Electrical conductivity, Turbidity, Nitrates, Total suspended solid and Total hardness were carried out, the result obtained were  compared with  World Health Organization (WHO) recommended standards for drinking water. pH, sulphate, electrical conductivity, chloride, nitrate, total suspended solids, and total hardness in all location were within the acceptable standards of WHO. The collected data from the laboratory analysis were analyzed using simple tables, graphs and charts and the result reveals that turbidity and iron in all location were above the acceptable standards of WHO. Turbidity which is above the WHO with a significant  value at all the eight sampling points with 25.3,22.6,28.7,11.6,9.05,9.05,10.4,14.3 NTU respectively, Iron  concentration in all the sampling points is high with 35.0, 30.0,26.0 15.0,12.0,10.0, 15.0,11.0 mg/l respectively. Large amounts of Iron in drinking water can give it an unpleasant metallic taste. Iron is an essential element in human nutrition, and the health effects of iron in drinking water may include warding off, fatigue and anaemia (metaglobinaemia).Groundwater exploitation especially boreholes should be regulated by government in order to reduce the negative effect of water pollution to humans. This research reveals there is great need to analyze any ground water before drinking

scholarly journals Physicochemical Quality of Water from Chuho Springs, Kisoro District, Uganda

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-26
Author(s):  
Gerald Nkurunziza ◽  
◽  
Timothy Omara ◽  
Caroline Kiwanuka Nakiguli ◽  
Paul Mukasa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Calcium Magnesium

In the current study, water from Chuho springs used as the main water source in Kisoro municipality, Uganda were assessed for their suitability as drinking water. The temperature, turbidity, conductivity, total dissolved solids, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand, total hardness, total alkalinity, calcium, magnesium, phosphates, iron, copper, arsenic, chlorides and the fluoride content of the water samples were determined. Not all the parameters met World Health Organizations’ guidelines for drinking water. Temperature, dissolved oxygen and fluorides were outside the recommended limits of 15 ℃, 10-12 mg/L and 1.5 mg/L, respectively. Further studies should assess the microbiological and sanitary profile of the springs.

Sewers and the Quality of Canals and Ditches in Amsterdam

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 61-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Jacobs ◽  
J. W. van Sluis
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Water System ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Sewer System ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Combined Sewer ◽  
Water And Sediment Quality

The surface water system of Amsterdam is very complicated. Of two characteristic types of water systems the influences on water and sediment quality are investigated. The importance of the sewer output to the total loads is different for both water systems. In a polder the load from the sewers is much more important than in the canal basin. Measures to reduce the emission from the sewers are much more effective in a polder. The effect of these measures on sediment quality is more than the effect on water quality. Some differences between a combined sewer system and a separate sewer system can be found in sediment quality.

scholarly journals POLLUTION EFFECTS ON THE ENVIRONMENT, MACROPHYTES AND FISHES IN THE SAPUCAIA STREAM, GUAiBA HYDROGRAPHIC BASIN, RS, BRAZIL

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 27-43
Author(s):  
Tania R. Prochnow ◽  
Bernardo Liberman ◽  
Nadia T. S. Pfeifer ◽  
Marilene G. Porawski ◽  
Norma Marroni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Pollution Effects ◽  
Hydrographic Basin ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Water And Sediment Quality

This paper shows the results of air, water and sediment quality of Sapucaia stream, which belongs to Guafba Hydrographic Basin, in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil. The correlations among the concentrations of Al, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn, present in the atmosphere, water and sediments, and their bioaccumulation in macrophytes are determined. Different degrees of pollution is characterized through the study of oxidative damage in fishes. The results indicate metal accumulation in macrophytes and fishes.

scholarly journals Evaluation the water quality of the potable water network in Al-Shuala/ Baghdad City

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (28) ◽  
pp. 116-124
Author(s):  
Zainab Bahaa Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Water Network ◽  
Conductivity Water ◽  
Total Dissolved Solid

In this research, the water quality of the potable water network inAl-Shuala Baghdad city were evaluated and compare them with theIraqi standards (IQS) for drinking water and World HealthOrganization standards (WHO), then water quality index (WQI) werecalculator: pH, heavy metals (lead, cadmium and iron), chlorides,total hardness, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, total dissolved solid andelectrical conductivity. Water samples are collected weekly duringthe period from February 2015 to April 2015 from ten sites. Resultsshow that the chlorides, total dissolved solid and electricalconductivity less than acceptable limit of standards, but totalhardness and heavy metals in some samples higher than acceptablelimit of standards while the other parameter is good.WQI shows thatresults is excellent and good for drinking for all location and monthsexcept site (2) gave higher value (65.184) in March and site (9) gavehigh value (57.78, 57.23) at March and April indicate that sites ispoor for drinking water.

scholarly journals Study of the properties of drinking water for Kirkuk city and its pollution in some areas

2018 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 05008
Author(s):  
Iman Hussein Zainulabdeen
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
World Health ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Treatment Water ◽  
And Chemical Properties

This study was conducted to demonstrate the difference between drinking water quality for seven different areas of Kirkuk city with the treatment water in the main and three sub storages tanks, affected with drinking water pipe lines, supplying system Alternate and continuous and also pipes across the construction work’s areas. The physical and chemical properties (turbidity, pH, conductivity, Alkalinity, Total hardness, calcium, magnesium, chloride, sulfate, TDS (Total dissolve solids), TSS (Total suspended solids), sodium and potassium) for raw water and treated water in the Storages in addition to the supplying water from seven different areas in Kirkuk were analyzed, samples taken at a rate nine times during the month of March. Results showed that Drinking water of Dumez, Wasti, Shorja, Imam Qasim and Arubaa polluted with turbidity with an average levels of (8.68, 6.04, 7.41, 6.95, 7.64) NTU respectively, over the limit allowed by IBWA (International Bottled Water Association), 2012 and WHO (World Health Organization), 2006. The turbidity in the main and sub storages have reached (4.04, 4.09, 4.47, 4.16) NTU respectively, while other physical and chemical properties were within the allowed limits for human use. The pollution in those areas caused by the alternative supplying system of treatment water and it has negative impact on the pipelines, it includes constriction work in areas also where pipelines exist.

scholarly journals Variations in selected water quality variables and metal concentrations in the sediment of the lower Olifants and Selati rivers, South Africa

Koedoe ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Seymore ◽  
H.H. Du Preez ◽  
J.H.J. Van Vuren ◽  
A. Deacon ◽  
G. Strydom
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Water And Sediment Quality ◽  
Special Concern ◽  
Olifants River ◽  
Western Side ◽  
Physical And Chemical

A survey of the water and sediment quality of the lower Olifants River and lower Selati River was carried out. Metal concentrations (Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sr and Zn) in the water and sediment, as well as the physical and chemical characteristics of the water were determined over a two-year period (April 1990 - February 1992). The water quality of the lower Selati River, which flows through the Phalaborwa area, was found to be influenced by the mining and industrial activities in the area. It was also the case with the lower Olifants River after the Selati-Olifants confluence, although the concentrations of most variables did decrease from the western side of the Kruger National Park to the eastern side due to dilution of the water by tributaries of the Olifants River. Variables of special concern were sodium, fluoride. chloride, sulphate, potassium, the total dissolved salts and the metal concentrations (except strontium). The water quality of the Selati River in the study area is a great cause of concern and a further degradation thereof cannot be afforded.

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