scholarly journals Antropologías Post-coloniales: la antropología islámica y la islamización del conocimiento en ciencias sociales

2004 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Montenegro
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
The United States ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
History Of Anthropology ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
The Social ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
History Of

Este artículo analiza el discurso de las antropologías poscoloniales, construidas “desde el punto de vista de los nativos”. Se retrata el caso específico del proyecto de una antropología islámica, según la propuesta del antropólogo paquistaní Akbar Akmed. Se afirma que fue en el contexto político y cultural de las ideas del Resurgimiento que se creó la Asociación de Cientistas Sociales Musulmanes en Estados Unidos, institución que desarrolló un programa de “islamización del conocimiento” inspirado en las ideas de Ismail Al-Faruqi. Dentro de la antropología fue Akbar Ahmed quien lideró ese proyecto plasmado, luego, en su libro Hacia una antropologia Islámica. Posteriormente el texto sugiere que el proyecto de una antropologia islámica incluye: a) una critica preliminar a la historia de la antropología en occidente; b) el argumento de la existencia de antropologías no occidentales basadas en otras tradiciones culturales, tales como el pensamiento islámico. La antropología islámica permite analizar las ambiguedades y desafios de un proyecto intelectual y político postcolonial que cuestiona y desdibuja las fronteras entre observadores y observados. Post-Colonial Anthropologies: Islamic anthropology and the islamization of knowledge in the Social Sciences Abstract This article analyzes the discourse of the postcolonial anthropologies, constructed “from the native’s point of view”. It depicts the specific case of the project of an Islamic anthropology, according to the proposal of Pakistani anthropologist Akbar Ahmed. It argues that it was within the political and cultural context of the Islamic Ressurgence ideologies that the Muslim Association for the Islamic Social Sciences was founded in the United States. This institution developed a program for the “islamization of knowledge” that was inspired in Ismail Al-Faruqi’s ideas. Akbar Ahmed was the leader of this project within anthropology, shaping it in his book Toward Islamic Anthropology. The article also suggests that the project of an Islamic anthropology includes: a) a preliminary critique of the history of anthropology in the West; b) arguing for the existence of non-western anthropologies, based in “other” cultural traditions, such as Islamic thought. Islamic anthropology allows analysis of the ambiguities and challenges of an intellectual and political postcolonial project that questions and redraws the borders between observers and observed.

scholarly journals N. F. PAVLOV’S NOVEL “SCIMITAR” IN THE HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL CONTEXT

2021 ◽  
pp. 112-120
Author(s):  
Галина Тимофеевна Мельникова
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Injustice ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Romantic Novel ◽  
Xix Century

Введение. Обращение к творчеству Николая Филипповича Павлова представляется актуальным. Он оставил значительный след в русской литературе первой половины XIX в., одним из первых поднял тему социальной несправедливости и антигуманности общественных порядков. Творчество автора высоко оценивалось читателями и критиками 30-х гг. XIX в. Однако имя автора сборников «Три повести» и «Новые повести» уже к концу века попало в число «забытых». В исследованиях, посвященных романтизму Н. Ф. Павлова, упоминали как писателя, творчество которого носило переходный характер, отмечалось его «движение» от романтизма к реализму. Цель – анализ идейно-тематического своеобразия повести Павлова «Ятаган» с точки зрения отражения общественных и культурных реалий России первой трети XIX в. Материал и методы. Исследуется повесть Павлова «Ятаган», вошедшая в первый сборник прозаических произведений автора «Три повести», который стал событием в общественной и литературной жизни России 1830-х годов. В работе использованы биографический, историко-культурный, сравнительно-сопоставительный методы исследования. Результаты и обсуждение. В повести «Ятаган» автор создал правдивую картину социальных отношений и нравов русского общества первой трети XIX в.: представил социальную иерархию, особое отношение к военным и военной службе, дуэльную традицию. Драматические обстоятельства, в которые попадает главный герой, отражают нравственную и социальную проблему несправедливости, армейской жестокости, которая обострилась в годы правления Николая I. В начале повести главный герой, делающий первые жизненные шаги, полон восторга перед будущим и романтических мечтаний, которые впоследствии разрушаются жестокой действительностью. С образом ятагана связан мотив рока. Пришедшая из народной мифологии «плохая» примета становится пророческой, а подарок матери – символической причиной гибели героя. Заключение. В романтической светской повести «Ятаган» автором художественно представлены общественные отношения и культурные традиции первой трети XIX в. Поднятые им злободневные для 1830-х годов темы телесных наказаний и социальной несправедливости в армии нашли отражение в реалистической литературе начала XX в. Introduction. The author seems it relevant to appeal to the works of Nikolai Filippovich Pavlov, who left a significant impact on the Russian literature of the first half of the XIX century. He, being one of the first, raised the topic of social injustice and inhumanity of public orders. Though, the readers and critics of the 30s of the XIX century highly appreciated Pavlov’s works, the name of the author of the collections “Three Stories” and “New Stories” had become already among the “forgotten” by the end of the century. The scientists of Romanticism still mention N. Pavlov as a writer whose works were of a transitional nature and note his “movement” from romanticism to realism. Aim and objectives. The aim of the article is to analyze the ideological and thematic originality of Pavlov’s story “Scimitar” from the point of view of reflecting the social and cultural realities of Russia of the first third of the XIX century. Material and methods. The author examines Pavlov’s novel “Scimitar” included in the first collection of prose “Three Stories”, which became a triumph in the social and literary life of Russia of the 1830s. The author uses biographical, historical, cultural and comparative methods of research. Results and discussion. In the story “Scimitar” the author creates a true picture of the social relations and mores of the Russian society of the first third of the XIX century: he presents the social hierarchy, a special attitude to the military men and service, and the dueling tradition. The dramatic circumstances in which the main character finds himself reflect the moral and social problem of injustice, army brutality, escalating during the reign of Nicholas I. At the beginning of the story, the main character, undertaking the first steps in life, is full of enthusiasm for the future romantic dreams, which the reality subsequently cruelly destroys. The motif of doom refers to the image of the scimitar. The “bad” omen coming from folk mythology becomes prophetic, while the mother’s gift symbolically results in the hero’s death. Conclusion. In the romantic novel “Scimitar”, Pavlov artistically describes social relations and cultural traditions of the Russia of the first half of the XIX century. The themes of corporal punishment and social injustice in the army, which were topical for the 1830s, are reflected in the realistic literature of the early twentieth century.

scholarly journals La nouvelle histoire du droit

2005 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-380
Author(s):  
Jean-Guy Belley
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Legal Institutions ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Law ◽  
English Law ◽  
Theoretical Issues

The collective book edited by G. Rubin and D. Sugarman, Law, Economy and Society, 1750-1914 : Essays in the History of English Law (1984) is well illustrative of the main trends of the new history of law that is now flourishing particularly in England and the United States. The twelve studies conducted by the contributors reveal the diversity of theoretical issues, subjects of inquiry, methodological strategies and sources of data that characterize the new history of law. In contrast with the more traditional and formal history of legal institutions, the entire book also expresses the critical stance the discipline is seeking to adopt, relying on sociology and other social sciences in order to apprehend law from an external rather than merely doctrinal point of view.

Missions and Anthropology: A Love/Hate Relationship

1978 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul G. Hiebert
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Human Knowledge ◽  
History Of Anthropology ◽  
Western Thought ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Biblical Perspective

This insightful article traces the history of anthropology through its earlier stages, and describes the ambivalent attitudes many missionaries developed toward this brash, emerging discipline. It then turns to the current scene and shows how the fundamental revolution in western thought — which Professor Hiebert describes as a paradigm shift in epistomology — drastically affected the social sciences. Christians in general, and missiologists in particular, should welcome this shift, despite the tensions it generates, for we are thereby brought “closer to the biblical perspective of the limits of human knowledge and of the importance of faith.”

Sociology in China: A Brief Survey

1962 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 166-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurice Freedman
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Anthropology ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chinese Scholars

In the general history of the social sciences we assume that the marriage between sociology and anthropology comes late, having been preceded by a long courtship. China does not fit this pattern. Almost as soon as the social sciences were established there anthropology and sociology were intertwined—to be disentangled in a strange way when the Communists arrived. To avoid a tedious recitation of evidence let me call just one witness, a scholar whose later career in the United States makes his testimony underline the Chinese paradox. Writing in China in 1944 Francis L. K. Hsu says: “In this paper. the word sociology is used synonymously with the term social anthropology. Few serious Chinese scholars today maintain the distinction between the once separate disciplines. Sociologists teach anthropology in our universities as a matter of course, just as scholars with distinctively anthropological background lecture on sociology.”

Observations on the Scolarly Study of Religions as Pursued in some Muslim Countries

Numen ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-257
Author(s):  
Jacques Waardenburg
Keyword(s):  
Social Role ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
The Social ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
History Of Religions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
Positive Climate

AbstractThe article examines the study of religions at scholarly institutions in Muslim countries. As far as Islam and Islamic thought is concerned, both traditional and overly ideological approaches are problematic from a scholarly point of view. With regard to the study of religions other than Islam, interesting initiatives have been taken in several countries. Difficulties on a practical level include a lack of good handbooks in the “Islamic” languages, while books published in the West are mostly too expensive to acquire. Training in the languages of the various religious Scriptures is virtually absent. History of religions or religious studies have rarely been institutionalized. The study of some religions is seriously handicapped by political conflicts.Among the positive developments at present is, first, the increased interest in “religions” among students and the general public. The historical, anthropological and sociological research carried out in several Muslim countries pays attention to the social role of religion. A number of Muslim students enrolled at Western universities take courses in religions.The conclusion contends that the medieval tradition of Muslim studies of other religions could be a source of inspiration for the future. What is still much needed are competent staff, material facilities, a positive climate for intellectual pursuits, technical training in the study of texts, facts and meanings, and mental training for the pursuit of scholarly truth are needed. While perhaps acting as catalysts, Western models should not enjoy absolute authority. The author considers the pursuit of knowledge which is useful both to Muslims and to the scholarly community at large as most important.

Documentary subversions and migrant agency: Towards an alternative audio-visual portrait of immigrant communities in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nieves Limón Serrano ◽  
Tamara Moya Jorge
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Documentary Films ◽  
Immigrant Communities ◽  
Mass Migration ◽  
Non Fiction ◽  
The Social ◽  
Diverse Communities ◽  
History Of

The movement of people across different countries has been a constant in the history of human civilization. This has been attested to by the so-called ‘mobility turn’ in the social sciences. One of the most important recent instances of such a movement has been the mass migration of diverse communities to the United States. This migratory transit has been portrayed in numerous ways in different media. Among these, documentary films have played a crucial role in their approach to these migrant flows. In both, traditional forms and new web platforms, we find multiple examples of non-fiction that focus on portraying these communities. This article focuses on one of these platforms: Immigrant Nation Media. By highlighting the resistance practices the platform offers, this analysis focuses on its collaborative and educational dimensions, as well as its dedication to migrant empowerment.

Settlement and State in Eretz Israel

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ilan Troen
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
United States ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Jewish History ◽  
Political History ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
University Curricula ◽  
Israel Studies

While Zionist ideology has long been part of the rubric of Jewish history, the study of its realization through the social, cultural, and political history of the Yishuv and Israel has been relatively neglected. The Jews of Eretz Israel (‘the Land of Israel’) numbered less than half of 1% of world Jewry at the beginning of the twentieth century. Israel now accounts for about 40% and is approaching parity with the United States. Israeli history and society has only recently become a discrete topic or field of study within the humanities and social sciences, and included in university curricula, even in Israel. Change began in Israel in the early 1990s, when various collections of courses under the title of ‘Israel Studies’ were organized as a modest subset within the BA degree.

scholarly journals Antropólogos, missionários e imagens do continente africano - entrevista com Eric Morier-Genoud

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
Eric Morier-Genoud ◽  
Victor Miguel Castillo de Macedo ◽  
Francieli Lisboa de Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Science And Religion ◽  
African Continent ◽  
History Of Anthropology ◽  
Senior Lecturer ◽  
The Social ◽  
História Da Antropologia ◽  
History Of ◽  
Research Objects

Eric Morier-Genoud é Senior Lecturer na Queen’s Belfast University, Reino Unido. Fundador e ex-editor-chefe da revista Social Sciences & Missions ele publicou no ano passado a  monografia Catholicism and the Making of Politics in Central Mozambique, 1940-1986 . Nesta entrevista, o professor Morier-Genoud, nos conta a respeito da sua trajetória acadêmica e dos itinerários que o levaram a se interessar por atividades missionárias no continente africano. Os objetos e contatos de pesquisa, permitiram a ele transitar entre a História e as Ciências Sociais ao longo de sua carreira. Suas indagações inovadoras oferecem pontos instigantes a respeito das relações entre colonialismo, ciência e religião. Assim, convidamos as leitoras e leitores a seguir as histórias de imagens de missionários africanos ou os dilemas deixados pela guerra civil em Moçambique, como modos de pensar histórias da antropologia.Palavras-chave: Antropologia da África; Antropologia das Missões; História da Antropologia; Moçambique.Eric Morier-Genoud is Senior Lecturer on Queen’s Belfast University, United Kingdom. Founder and former Editor-in-Chief of the Social Sciences & Missions Journal, he published last year the monograph Catholicism and the Making of Politics in Central Mozambique, 1940-1986. On this interview, professor Morier-Genoud, tells about his academic trajectory and the itineraries that led his interests for missionary activities on the African continent. The research objects and contacts allowed him to transit between History and Social Sciences throughout his career. His innovating questions  offer instigating points concerning the relations amongst colonialism, science and religion. Thus we invite the readers to follow the stories of African missionary images or the dilemmas left by the civil war in Mozambique, as ways of thinking about the histories of anthropology. Key words: African Anthropology; Missions Anthropology; History of Anthropology; Mozambique.

scholarly journals Inventing “Populism”: Notes for the Genealogy of a Paranoid Concept

Genealogy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Damiano Palano
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
United States ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
The United States ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Theoretical Category ◽  
Popular Party

This article proposes a “genealogical” rereading of the concept of “populism”. Following the idea of “genealogical” analysis that was suggested by Michel Foucault, the aim is to show the “political” logic of the reinvention of the concept of “populism”, which was carried out between the 1950s and 1960s by the social sciences in the United States. First, this contribution reconstructs the history of the concept, identifying five different phases: (1) Russian populism of the late nineteenth century; (2) the Popular Party in the United States; (3) the Perón and Vargas regimes in Argentina and Brazil, respectively; (4) the reformulation carried out by the social sciences in the 1950s and 1960s; and (5) the subsequent extension of the concept to Western Europe. It is argued that the decisive turning point took place in the 1950s when the social sciences “grouped” the traits of heterogeneous movements into a single theoretical category.

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesus Ramirez-Valles
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
United States ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Civil Liberties ◽  
The United States ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of

This introductory chapter discusses the importance of studying the role of Latino GBT activists in the AIDS movement in the United States. Scholars and the general media have overlooked the work and the voices of Latino GBTs in the AIDS movement, creating a void in the history of the AIDS movement, the social sciences, and public health in the United States. This is troubling because ethnic and sexual minorities are currently more affected by the epidemic than their white counterparts, and because the larger Latino population in the United States is less supportive of civil liberties for homosexuals than for whites and African Americans. Indeed, the absence of Latino GBTs' voices hinders one's understanding of how a group already marginalized because of their ethnicity and skin color confronts adversity, such as the AIDS epidemic.

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