PRODUÇÃO DE MUDAS DE Eucalyptus dunnii EM SUBSTRATOS RENOVÁVEIS

FLORESTA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dagma Kratz ◽  
Ivar Wendling
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Coconut Fiber ◽  
Rice Hulls ◽  
Eucalyptus Dunnii ◽  
Physical And Chemical

A necessidade premente de aumento no número de mudas plantadas anualmente e a variabilidade de matérias-primas tradicionais para composição de substratos têm levado à necessidade de desenvolvimento de estudos que visem à avaliação da viabilidade técnica e econômica desses materiais. Com base nisso, o presente estudo objetivou avaliar a viabilidade técnica da utilização de vermiculita média (VM) e dos componentes renováveis à base de fibra de coco (FC), casca de arroz carbonizada (CAC) em diferentes granulometrias e dois substratos comerciais compostos por casca de pínus semidecomposta (SC) na composição de substratos para a produção de mudas de Eucalyptus dunnii, e avaliar a correlação das propriedades físicas e químicas dos substratos com a qualidade das mudas. Foram formulados 14 tratamentos, sendo a semeadura realizada em tubetes de 55 cm³. Com base nos resultados obtidos, o substrato que proporcionou maior crescimento das mudas de Eucalyptus dunnii foi o CAC combinado com VM, seguido dos SC, enquanto aqueles à base de CAC em diferentes granulometrias, combinadas ou não com FC, proporcionaram baixo crescimento. Quanto às propriedades dos substratos, verificou-se que densidade aparente, porosidade total, macroporosidade, pH e capacidade de troca catiônica apresentaram correlação com o crescimento das mudas.Palavras-chave: Eucalipto; casca de arroz carbonizada; fibra de coco; casca de pínus.AbstractSeedlings of Eucalyptus dunnii grown in renewable substrate. The pressing need to increase the number of seedlings planted annually and variability of raw materials for traditional composition of substrates have led to the need to develop studies aimed at evaluating these materials, technically and economically feasible. Based on this, the present study aimed to evaluate the technical feasibility of using fine vermiculite (VF) and component-based renewable coconut fiber (FC), rice hulls (CAC) in different grain sizes and two commercial substrates composed by pine bark semidecomposta (SC) in the composition of substrates for the production of seedlings of Eucalyptus dunnii, and assess the correlation between the physical and chemical properties of the substrates with the quality of the seedlings. 14 treatments were formulated, and the sowing in tubes of 55 cm³. Based on these results, the substrate that provided greater seedling growth of Eucalyptus dunnii CAC was combined with VF, followed by the SC, while those based CAC in different particle sizes, combined or not with CF, gave low growth. Regarding the properties of the substrates, it was identified that the bulk density, total porosity, macroporosity, pH and cation exchange capacity correlated with seedling growth.Keywords: Eucalyptus; rice hulls; coconut fiber; pine bark. 

scholarly journals EFEITOS DE DIFERENTES SUBSTRATOS NA PRODUÇÃO DE MUDAS DE Sebastiania commersoniana

FLORESTA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Horácia Celina Armando Mula Boene ◽  
Antonio Carlos Nogueira ◽  
Nilton José Sousa ◽  
Dagma Kratz ◽  
Paulo Vitor Dutra de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Forest Nursery ◽  
Coconut Fiber ◽  
Technical Feasibility ◽  
Rice Hulls ◽  
Controlled Irrigation ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a viabilidade técnica da utilização de diferentes substratos para a produção de mudas de Sebastiania commersoniana e relacionar suas características físicas e químicas com a qualidade das mudas produzidas. Para tanto, foram formulados 22 substratos, os quais tiveram suas propriedades físicas e químicas avaliadas, sendo a semeadura realizada em tubetes de 120 cm³, acondicionados em casa de sombra, com irrigação controlada. Para a análise dos resultados, foram feitas avaliações de altura, diâmetro de colo, biomassa seca aérea e radicial, facilidade de retirada do tubete, agregação das raízes ao substrato, índice de qualidade de Dickson e relação altura e diâmetro de colo aos 180 dias. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, conclui-se que o melhor substrato testado foi o substrato comercial à base de casca de pinus. Os componentes renováveis, casca de arroz carbonizada, fibra de coco e substrato comercial à base de casca de pinus, apresentaram-se viáveis tecnicamente para produção de mudas de branquilho, enquanto que a casca de arroz carbonizada pura e vermiculita fina não apresentaram viabilidade. No que se refere às propriedades dos substratos, apenas a densidade aparente, pH, Ca e P apresentaram correlação com as variáveis biométricas das mudas. AbstractEffects of different substrates in production of Sebastiania commersoniana seedling. The aim of this research was to evaluate technical feasibility of using different substrates for production of seedlings of Sebastiania commersoniana and relate physical and chemical characteristics to the quality of the produced seedlings. In order to that, 22 substrates were formulated, with their physical and chemical properties evaluated, sowed in tubes of 120 cc, and put in shade, under controlled irrigation. For the results analysis, it evaluated height, stem diameter, air and radicial biomass, ease of removability, root aggregation to the substrate, Dickson quality index, and relation of height and diameter at 180 days. According to the obtained results, the best substrate tested was the commercial pine bark based substrate. The renewable components, carbonized rice hulls, coconut fiber, and commercial pine bark based substrate presented technical feasibility to produce Sebastiania commersoniana seedlings, on the other hand pure carbonized rice hulls and fine vermiculite did not. Towards the properties of the substrates, only bulk density, pH, Ca, and P correlated with biometric variables of the seedlings.Keywords: Branquilho; carbonized rice hulls; coconut fiber; pine bark; forest nursery.

scholarly journals SUBSTRATOS RENOVÁVEIS PARA PRODUÇÃO DE MUDAS DE Mimosa scabrella

FLORESTA ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dagma Kratz ◽  
Antonio Carlos Nogueira ◽  
Ivar Wendling ◽  
Paulo Vitor Dutra De Souza
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Seedling Production ◽  
Coconut Fiber ◽  
Technical Feasibility ◽  
Rice Hulls ◽  
Grain Sizes ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Objetivou-se neste estudo avaliar a viabilidade técnica de substratos renováveis à base de fibra de coco, casca de arroz carbonizada em diferentes granulometrias, biossólido e casca de pínus semidecomposta para a produção de mudas de Mimosa scabrella. Para tanto, foram formulados 41 tratamentos, contendo como testemunha substrato comercial à base de casca de pínus, os quais tiveram suas propriedades físicas e químicas avaliadas. Realizou-se semeadura direta em tubetes de 55 cm³, permanecendo por 120 dias em estufa de vidro e 30 dias na área de pleno sol. Observou-se que o substrato comercial à base de casca de pínus e substratos com diferentes combinações de casca de arroz carbonizada e fibra de coco apresentaram-se viáveis para produção de mudas de M. scabrella, enquanto que o componente biossólido mostrou-se inviável. O peneiramento da casca de arroz não se justifica, quando comparado com a casca de arroz carbonizada na sua forma íntegra. Quanto menor a agregação do substrato às raízes, maior a facilidade de retirada das mudas dos tubetes. A densidade, matéria orgânica, pH, condutividade elétrica, salinidade e concentração de magnésio e fósforo influenciaram no crescimento das mudas.Palavras-chave:  Bracatinga; biossólido; casca de arroz carbonizada; fibra de coco; propriedades físicas. AbstractRenewable substrates in the seedling production of Mimosa scabrella. The objective of this study was to evaluate the technical feasibility of renewable-based substrates coconut fiber, rice hulls at different grain sizes, sludge and pine bark semi-decomposed for the production of seedlings of M. scabrella. To this end, 41 treatments were formulated, containing commercial substrate as a control the base of pine bark, where they were which were analyzed in relation to their physical and chemical properties. Held tillage in plastic tubes of 55 cm³ for 120 days in a greenhouse of glass and 30 days in the full sun. It was observed that the commercial substrate based on pine bark and the substrates based on different combinations of rice hulls and coconut fiber showed to be viable for production of seedlings of M. scabrella, while the component biosolid had to be unfeasible. Screening of rice husk is not justified when compared with the rice hulls in its entirety. The lower the aggregation in substrate, the easier removal of the seedlings of the tubes. The density, organic matter, pH, electrical conductivity, salinity, magnesium and phosphorus influenced the growth of seedlings.Keywords: Bracatinga; biosolid; rice hulls; coconut fiber; physical properties.

scholarly journals INITIAL GROWTH OF SEEDLINGS OF Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden AS INFLUENCED BY THE ADDITION OF NATURAL POLYMER AND FARMING SUBSTRATES

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-637
Author(s):  
Marcio Carlos Navroski ◽  
Maristela Machado Araujo ◽  
Lia Rejane Silveira Reiniger ◽  
Claudimar Sidnei Fior ◽  
Gilmar Schafer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Natural Polymer ◽  
Eucalyptus Dunnii ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Neck Diameter ◽  
And Chemical Properties

ABSTRACT This study aimed to test different concentrations of natural polymer combined with different substrates in order to maximize the production and quality of Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden as well as the influence of the physical and chemical properties of the substrates. Experiments were conducted in a greenhouse in a randomized design with a 4 x 4 factorial arrangement for different substrates (factor "A") and water-retaining polymer concentrations (factor "B"). The physical and chemical properties of the substrates were also analyzed in each treatment. The seedlings height (H), neck diameter (D), shoot dry matter (SDM), root dry matter (RDM), total dry matter (TDM), H/D ratio and Dickson quality index (DQI) were measured after 90 days of sowing. Both the physical and chemical properties of the substrates have improved by the addition of hydrogel, especially those regarding to porosity, water availability and water holding capacity. In general, the water-retaining polymer concentrations of 2 and 4 g L-1 provided a better seedling growth. Seedlings largest neck diameter was observed at a hydrogel concentration of 6 g L-1. The use of hydrogel has resulted in higher height and neck diameter values when carbonized rice hulls were used as substrate. Therefore, hydrogel concentrations of 2 and 4 g L-1 may increase the quality of Eucalyptus dunnii seedlings and reduce their nursery time.

scholarly journals Arcillite: Effect on Chemical and Physical Properties of Pine Bark Substrate and Plant Growth

1992 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart L. Warren ◽  
Ted E. Bilderback
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Irrigation Frequency ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Air Space ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Abstract The objective of this study was to determine the effect of arcillite, a calcined montmorillonite and illite clay, on the physical and chemical properties of a pine bark growth substrate and plant growth. To accomplish this, Cotoneaster dammeri ‘Skogholm’ and Rhododendron sp. ‘Sunglow’ were potted into pine bark substrate amended with 0, 27, 54, 67 or 81 kg/m3 (0, 45, 90, 112 or 136 lbs/yd3) arcillite. Plants were irrigated every l, 2, or 4 days. Container capacity, available water, and bulk density increased with increasing arcillite rate. Air space decreased with increasing arcillite rate. Total porosity and unavailable water were not affected by arcillite. Substrate NH4, NO3, P, K, Ca, and Mg concentrations increased with decreasing irrigation frequency. Substrate NH4, P, and K concentrations increased with increasing arcillite rate suggesting that arcillite improved retention within the container substrate. Azalea ‘Sunglow’ shoot dry weight decreased linearly with decreasing irrigation frequency and increased curvilinearly with increasing arcillite with maximum dry weight occurring at 67 kg/m3 (l12 lbs/yd2). Cotoneaster ‘Skogholm’ shoot dry weight increased linearly with increasing arcillite rate at 2 and 4 day irrigations and curvilinearly at 1 day irrigation with maximum weight at 67 kg/m3 (112 lbs/yd2).

scholarly journals Prospects for the use of fruit enhancers in bakery technology for healthy diet

2021 ◽  
Vol 845 (1) ◽  
pp. 012091
Author(s):  
K V Bryksina ◽  
O V Perfilova ◽  
E I Popova
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Bakery Products ◽  
Human Diet ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Abstract Bread is a useful biological product that remains high in the human diet and contains a large amount of substances necessary for the human. A rational way to expand the range of functional bakery products is to integrate natural plant-based ingredients into the formulation, which will increase the nutritional value of products, improve their sensory and physicochemical characteristics, create a group of new varieties, boost production, advance the quality of raw materials with low properties and save the critical and accessory raw materials. The paper discusses the effect of fruit enhancers on the physical and chemical properties of dough and finished bakery products. The paper proposes optimal dosages of fruit powders.

The role of thermal analysis in the evaluation of impure clay deposits as mineral raw materials

Clay Minerals ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Bain ◽  
D. J. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
High Alumina ◽  
Clay Deposits ◽  
Effect Of Impurities ◽  
And Control ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Although Thermal Analysis is a useful technique in characterizing the clay constituent of a potentially valuable clay deposit, it is, perhaps, even more useful when the type and amount of non-clay impurities are important factors in its commercial appraisal. The effect of impurities on the physical and chemical properties of the clay may determine its potential uses in bulk, or it may be advisable to remove the impurity, either to improve the grade and quality of the clay or to provide a useful by-product. The application of both qualitative and quantitative thermal data, in the analysis and control of laboratory work in this field, is demonstrated by its use in the assessment of materials such as evaporite-rich clays, siliceous clays, and high-alumina clays.

Analysis of the Degradation of External Plasters in the Buildings with ETICS

2014 ◽  
Vol 1041 ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Veronika Kučeriková ◽  
Michal Kraus ◽  
Darja Kubečková
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Composite System ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Temperature Extremes ◽  
Biological Degradation ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The external plaster are currently the most common finish coat of buildings. The characteristic technological and chemical properties of plasters protect supporting structure against weather and temperature extremes. Quality of plaster is determined by its durability, which depends primarily on the quality of raw materials, the quality and porosity of the substrate, the temperature during application, concentration of carbon dioxide and humidity of the ambient air. The physical and chemical and biological degradation of plaster is caused due to weathering and exposure to aggressive substances of environment. The paper deals with the analysis of the causes of degradation (green facades) and the possibilities of remediation of biotic attack of plasters buildings with External Thermal Insulation Composite System (ETICS).

scholarly journals PRODUÇÃO DE MUDAS DE ERVA-MATE POR MINIESTAQUIA EM SUBSTRATOS RENOVÁVEIS

FLORESTA ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dagma Kratz ◽  
Ivar Wendling ◽  
Patrícia Pereira Pires ◽  
Carlos André Stuepp
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Adventitious Rooting ◽  
Ilex Paraguariensis ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Root Number ◽  
Coconut Fiber ◽  
Root Characteristics ◽  
Rice Hulls ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Objetivou-se avaliar a viabilidade técnica da utilização de casca de arroz carbonizada (CAC), fibra de coco (FC), vermiculita média (VM) e substrato comercial à base de casca de pínus semidecomposta (SC) como componentes para formulação de substratos para produção de mudas de Ilex paraguariensis por miniestaquia, bem como as respectivas propriedades físicas e químicas das composições formadas e sua relação com as variáveis biométricas das mudas. Para tanto, foram formulados nove substratos, os quais tiveram suas propriedades físicas e químicas analisadas. Nas miniestacas, avaliaram-se: 1) a sobrevivência, número de raízes e comprimento da maior raiz na saída da casa de vegetação aos 90 dias; e 2) a sobrevivência na saída da casa de sombra aos 105 dias e 135 dias. Os substratos avaliados não apresentaram diferenças quanto à sobrevivência aos 90, 105 e 135 dias, com médias de 75%, 62% e 59%, respectivamente. Para as características radiciais, os substratos com proporções balanceadas de fibra de coco e casca de arroz carbonizada propiciaram os melhores resultados. Todos os substratos testados mostraram-se favoráveis à produção de mudas de Ilex paraguariensis.AbstractYerba mate seedlings production by minicutting in renewable subtrates. We assess the technical viability of using carbonized rice husk (CAC), coconut fiber (CF), vermiculite (VM) and commercial substrate with semi-decomposed pine bark (SC) as components to formulate substrates for Ilex paraguariensis minicuttings production, as well as the physical and chemical properties of the formed compositions and its relation with biometric parameters of the formed plants. We formulated nine substrates, and analyzed their physical and chemical properties. In the minicuttings we evaluated: 1) survival, root number and length of roots in greenhouse at 90 days; 2) survival at the exit of shade house at 105 days and 135 days. The evaluated substrates showed no differences in survival at 90, 105 and 135 days, averaging 75%, 62% and 59%, respectively. For root characteristics, the substrates with balanced proportions of coconut fiber and carbonized rice hulls showed the best results. All evaluated substrates can be recommended for Ilex paraguariensis minicuttings production.Keywords: Cloning; adventitious rooting; Ilex paraguariensis; vegetative propagation.

scholarly journals Rooting Foliage Plant Cuttings in Compost-formulated Substrates

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianjun Chen ◽  
Dennis B. McConnell ◽  
Cynthia A. Robinson ◽  
Russell D. Caldwell ◽  
Yingfeng Huang
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Root Numbers ◽  
Sphagnum Peat ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Three composts, derived from municipal solid waste with biosolids, yard trimmings, and yard trimmings with biosolids, were mixed by volume with sphagnum peat and pine bark to formulate 12 substrates. After characterizing physical and chemical properties, the substrates, along with a control, were used for rooting single eye cuttings of pothos (Epipremnum aureum) and terminal cuttings of maranta (Maranta leuconeura) and schefflera (Schefflera arboricola) in enclosed polyethylene tents. All cuttings initiated roots with no significant difference in root numbers per cutting 14 days after sticking, but root lengths 21 days and root-ball coverage ratings 45 days after sticking were significantly affected by substrates. Five of 12 compost-formulated substrates resulted in root lengths of cuttings equal to or longer than the control. In addition to desirable physical properties such as bulk density, total porosity, and air space, common chemical characteristics of the five substrates included low concentration of mineral elements, initial electrical conductivity ≤3.0 dS·m-1 based on the pour through extraction method, and pH between 3.8 to 5.0. The five substrates were formulated by combining composted municipal solid waste with biosolids or yard trimmings with biosolids volumetrically at 20% or less or composted yard trimmings at 50% or less with equal volumes of sphagnum peat and pine bark.

Different Materials of Substrates in the Production of Chili Apple Seedlings (Capsicumpubescens R. and P.) Grajales ST

2014 ◽  
Vol 1613 ◽  
pp. 89-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha L. Domínguez ◽  
Oscar G. Villegas ◽  
Héctor Sotelo ◽  
Carlos M. Acosta ◽  
Mario Pérez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Wood Dust ◽  
Relative Distribution ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Coconut Fiber ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to evaluate the effect of 12 substrates in the seedling growth of chili apple (Capsicum pubescens R. & P.) hybrid Grajales ST. The substrates were prepared with different proportions of five materials: perlite, coconut fiber, loam, Sunshine3 ® and wood dust. The seeds were sown in trays of 50 cavities. For the substrates were determined physical and chemical properties. Significant differences in growth parameters of seedlings are the effect of the substrate. Based on the remarkable accumulation of dry matter of each of the organs of the seedling, and their relative distribution, one can surmise a seedling quality with 47.70 % dry matter in leaves, 35.34 % in stem and 16.95 % in root. The substrate with better features for the production of chile apple seedlings was prepared with 25 % loam and 75 % perlite (v/v), which showed retention of 85.5 % moisture, electrical conductivity of 0.03 dS·m-1 and total porosity of 62.5 %.

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