scholarly journals GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND FOLIARY ULTRASTRUCTURAL PARAMETERS OF DIFFERENT EUCALYPTUS GENETIC MATERIALS

FLORESTA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 021
Author(s):  
Lucas Aparecido Manzani Lisboa ◽  
Allan De Marcos Lapaz ◽  
Thadeu Henrique Novais Spósito ◽  
Ronaldo Da Silva Viana ◽  
Paulo Alexandre Monteiro De Figueiredo
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Diameter At Breast Height ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
Cuticle Thickness

Currently eucalyptus is used as raw material in different industrial segments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the growth, development and ultrastructural parameters in different eucalyptus genetic materials. The randomized block experiment was carried out in ten treatments and five replicates, with different genetic materials: six hybrids:I-144; H-13; 110; NA-151; NA-189 (Eucalyptus urophilla S. T. Blake x Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill); Grancam 1277 (Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill x Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh.); and four pure genetic materials:0020 (Eucalyptus saligna Sm.); 0010 (Eucalyptus resinífera Sm.); Eucalyptus pellita F. Muell. and Corymbia torelliana (F. Muell.) K. D. Hill & L. A. S. Johnson.Approximately four years after planting, the following variables were determined: plant height (AP), diameter at breast height (DAP), spad index (ISPAD), adaxial cuticle thickness (ECAD), abaxial cuticle thickness (ADX), abaxial epidermal thickness (EEAB), xylem diameter (DX), phloem diameter (DF) and palisade parenchyma length (CPP).The materials NA - 151 (Eucalyptus urophilla x E. grandis) and Grancam 1277 (E. grandis x E. camaldulensis) presented higher plant height (AP). The materials 0020 (E. saligna); 0010 (E. resinífera) and Corymbia torelliana presented smaller diameter at breast height (DAP). In general, the Corymbia torelliana genetic material had the lowest values in the ultrastructural foliar parameters

scholarly journals Genetic diversity in Australian Cedar genotypes selected by mixed models

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rulfe Tavares ◽  
Alexandre Pio Viana ◽  
Deborah Guerra Barroso ◽  
Antonio Teixeira do Amaral Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Mixed Models ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Technical Improvement ◽  
Diameter At Breast Height ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Toona Ciliata ◽  
Increasing Demand

The increasing demand for raw material for multiple uses of forest products and by-products has attracted the interest for fast growing species, such as the Australian Cedar (Toona ciliata), which presents high productive and economic potential. The present work aimed at estimating genetic diversity by DNA markers and morphological traits supported for the mixed models. The following traits were measured and genotypes were sampled randomly in different areas: diameter at breast height, height, cylindrical volume, diameter, distance between nodes and crown diameter. Twelve RAPD primers were used and generated a total of 91 marks, 82 of which were polymorphic. The high percentage of polymorphic markers, 90.10%, demonstrated that discrimination in this species is efficient, but it yet little studied, for this case we can find the extent of the genetic basis for the application of technical improvement. The assessment of genetic diversity by the UPGMA method using the binary and morphological data provided the expression of genetic dissimilarities among the accessions evaluated, optimizing the perception of this divergence. The use of mixed models was efficient to assess combined genetic diversity to optimize the selection of genotypes with divergent genetic values for diameter at breast height.

scholarly journals Sample size for estimating average trunk diameter and plant height in eucalyptus hybrids

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 1192-1199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Cargnelutti Filho ◽  
Rafael Beltrame ◽  
Dilson Antônio Bisognin ◽  
Marília Lazarotto ◽  
Clovis Roberto Haselein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Trunk Diameter ◽  
Diameter At Breast Height ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Variance Homogeneity ◽  
Mean Variance

ABSTRACT: In eucalyptus crops, it is important to determine the number of plants that need to be evaluated for a reliable inference of growth. The aim of this study was to determine the sample size needed to estimate average trunk diameter at breast height and plant height of inter-specific eucalyptus hybrids. In 6,694 plants of twelve inter-specific hybrids it was evaluated trunk diameter at breast height at three (DBH3) and seven years (DBH7) and tree height at seven years (H7) of age. The statistics: minimum, maximum, mean, variance, standard deviation, standard error, and coefficient of variation were calculated. The hypothesis of variance homogeneity was tested. The sample size was determined by re sampling with replacement of 10,000 re samples. There was an increase in the sample size from DBH3 to H7 and DBH7. A sample size of 16, 59 and 31 plants is adequate to estimate DBH3, DBH7 and H7 means, respectively, of inter-specific hybrids of eucalyptus, with amplitude of confidence interval of 95% equal to 20% of the estimated mean.

scholarly journals Desempenho Silvicultural em Sistema Silvipastoril do Clone H13 de Eucalyptus urograndis em Diferentes Densidades aos 12 Anos

UNICIÊNCIAS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
Yuri Saiter Ribeiro ◽  
Damaris Elias Vera ◽  
Roberto Giolo de Almeida ◽  
Valdemir Antônio Laura
Keyword(s):  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Spatial Density ◽  
Silvopastoral Systems ◽  
Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽  
Multiple Use ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Diameter At Breast Height ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul ◽  
Eucalyptus Urograndis

Neste experimento objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho do clone H13 de Eucalyptus urograndis (Eucalyptus urophylla x Eucalyptus grandis) aos 12 anos, em diferentes densidades de plantio em área de pastagens degradadas no Cerrado em Mato Grosso do Sul. Os arranjos populacionais estabelecidos, foram para sistemas de integração pecuária e floresta (IPF, silvipastoris), para uso múltiplo da madeira, como: madeira serrada, construção civil, laminação e postes. O experimento foi realizado em Ribas do Rio Pardo, Mato Grosso do Sul. As árvores foram implantadas em uma roda de competição de Nelder e, em função do desenho experimental, os arranjos populacionais permitiriam avaliar densidades entre 180 e 1.332 plantas ha-1. Entretanto, considerando que o foco deste trabalho foi o sistema silvipastoril, efetuou-se a análise dendrológica nas densidades entre 180 e 584 plantas ha-1 [diâmetro a altura do peito (DAP, cm) e altura das plantas, em m] e calculou-se o volume de madeira (m³) produzido por árvore e por hectare). Pode-se concluir que para as variáveis altura, diâmetro a altura do peito (DAP) e produção de madeira serrada, a densidade espacial influenciou diretamente nos resultados obtidos, sendo recomendado para sistemas silvipastoris, nessa região do Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, o plantio entre 180 e 324 plantas ha-1.   Palavras-chave: Sustentabilidade. Cerrado. Arranjos Populacionais. ILPF.   Abstract In this experiment we aimed to evaluate the performance of Eucalyptus urograndis clone H13 (Eucalyptus urophylla x Eucalyptus grandis) after 12 years of planting, in different planting densities in Cerrado pasture areas in Mato Grosso do Sul State (Brazil). The selected population arrangements were for systems of livestock and forest integration, for multiple use of wood, such as: sawn wood, timber, lamination, poles. The trees were implanted in a Nelder competition wheel and, due to the experimental design, the population arrangements would allow evaluate, in experimental area, densities between 180 and 1,332 plants ha-1. However, considering that the focus of this work was the livestock and forest integration system (silvopastoral systems), a dendrological analysis was carried out in densities between 180 and 584 plants ha-1 (diameter at breast height (DBH, cm) and height of the plants, in m) and the volume of wood (m³) per tree and per hectare was calculated. It can be concluded that for the variables height, diameter at breast height and production of sawn wood, the spatial density directly influenced the results obtained, being recommended for silvopastoral systems, in this region of the State of Mato Grosso do Sul (Brazil), planting between 180 and 324 plants ha-1.   Keywords: Sustainability. Cerrado. Population Arrangements. ICLF.

scholarly journals STRUCTURAL DIVERSITY OF LOG OF Eucalyptus spp. GENOTYPES

FLORESTA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 297 ◽  
Author(s):  
OLÍVIA PEREIRA LOPES ◽  
Jonnys Paz Castro ◽  
Tatiana Paula Marques De Arruda ◽  
João Vicente De Figueiredo Latorraca ◽  
Fábio Akira Mori
Keyword(s):  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽  
Technological Properties ◽  
Anatomical Studies ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Genetically Improved ◽  
Genus Eucalyptus

Anatomical studies, besides being useful in the identification of the species, make it possible to generate information about the structure of the log in order to identify the relationships between the log and the technological properties of the wood. The aim of this work was to anatomically characterize the log of different genotypes of the genus Eucalyptus planted in the state of Minas Gerais – Brazil and to describe its main differences and/or similarities. Three genetically improved genotypes were evaluated, Eucalyptus urophylla x Eucalyptus grandis; Eucalyptus urophylla and Eucalyptus urophylla x Eucalyptus camaldulensis , aged whithin 6 to 7 years old. Discs of 9 trees were removed at breast height (1.30 meters from the ground). From each disk, specimens were obtained in the medulla-cambial direction with dimensions of approximately 2 cm³ to make permanent sheets, being that the anatomical characterization of the genotypes followed the recommendations of the IAWA Committee (1989). The results showed that the genotypes of Eucalyptus are very similar, however, differences were observed in the axial parenchyma and in the composition of rays.

scholarly journals Estimation of genetic parameters of newly introduced tree willow clones in Himachal Pradesh, India

Genetika ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 487-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.P. Sharma ◽  
N.B. Singh ◽  
H.P. Sankhyan ◽  
Punit Chaudhary ◽  
S.K. Huse
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Himachal Pradesh ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Diameter At Breast Height ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Short Rotation ◽  
Multipurpose Species

Willows being multipurpose species are well recognized in short rotation forestry world over. 200 clones of different species and hybrids were procured from twenty countries over the period of three years. These were subjected for nursery screening and further 18 promising clones were planted in March, 2006 at university main campus Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh. The five years growth performance was evaluated and clone J-799 has given maximum plant height (19.33 m) which is at par with the clone NZ-1140 (16.33 m) followed by SI-63-007 (14.30 m). As regards with diameter at breast height and volume index, clone J-799 registered first rank followed by NZ-1140 and 131/25 recording 16.50 cm and 0.554 m3, 15.30 cm and 0.386 m3 ;15.30cm and 0.368m3, respectively. Bole straightness was recorded maximum in clone J-795 that is at par with clones J-194, PN-721 and 131/25 followed by clones J-799, SI-63-007, NZ-1140 and SI-64-017. Heritability in broad sense for bole straightness (46.36%) and genetic gain of the volume index (67.95%) was found highest. Genotypic, phenotypic and environment coefficients of variations were recorded maximum (0.995) for volume index character. Genetic correlation coefficient was highest (0.921) between plant height and volume, while phenotypic correlation coefficient was highest between diameter at breast height and volume index. On the basis of five year growth performance, five clones namely J- 799, NZ-1140, 131/25, SI-63-007 and PN-731 are found suitable for lower and mid-hills of Himachal Pradesh.

scholarly journals Estimation of Genetic Parameters and Wood Yield Selection Index in a Clonal Trial of Korean Pine (Pinus koraiensis) in Northeastern China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4167
Author(s):  
David Kombi Kaviriri ◽  
Huan-Zhen Liu ◽  
Xi-Yang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Selection Index ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Stem Volume ◽  
Korean Pine ◽  
Branch Number ◽  
Basal Diameter ◽  
Diameter At Breast Height ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Stem Straightness ◽  
Clonal Trial

In order to determine suitable traits for selecting high-wood-yield Korean pine materials, eleven morphological characteristics (tree height, basal diameter, diameter at breast height, diameter at 3 meter height, stem straightness degree, crown breadth, crown height, branch angle, branch number per node, bark thickness, and stem volume) were investigated in a 38-year-old Korean pine clonal trial at Naozhi orchard. A statistical approach combining variance and regression analysis was used to extract appropriate traits for selecting elite clones. Results of variance analysis showed significant difference in variance sources in most of the traits, except for the stem straightness degree, which had a p-value of 0.94. Moderate to high coefficients of variation and clonal repeatability ranged from 10.73% to 35.45% and from 0.06% to 0.78%, respectively. Strong significant correlations on the phenotypic and genotypic levels were observed between the straightness traits and tree volume, but crown breadth was weakly correlated to the volume. Four principal components retaining up to 80% of the total variation were extracted, and stem volume, basal diameter, diameter at breast height, diameter at 3 meter height, tree height, and crown height displayed high correlation to these components (r ranged from 0.76 to 0.98). Based on the Type III sum of squares, tree height, diameter at breast height, and branch number showed significant information to explain the clonal variability based on stem volume. Using the extracted characteristics as the selection index, six clones (PK105, PK59, PK104, PK36, PK28, and K101) displayed the highest Qi values, with a selection rate of 5% corresponding to the genetic gain of 42.96% in stem volume. This study provides beneficial information for the selection of multiple traits for genetically improved genotypes of Korean pine.

scholarly journals Eucalypt Clonal Hybrid Influences the Carbon Amount of Below-Ground Biomass in Oxisol, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Grasiele Dick ◽  
Humberto J. Eufrade-Junior ◽  
Mauro V. Schumacher ◽  
Gileno B. Azevedo ◽  
Saulo P. S. Guerra
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Concentration ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽  
Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Homogeneity Of Variances ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
Hybrid Eucalyptus ◽  
Carbon Determination ◽  
Hybrid Clones

The objective of this study was to evaluate whether there is an influence of different clonal hybrids of Eucalyptus urophylla on the carbon concentration and amount in below-ground biomass in trees cultivated in Oxisol, Brazil. Stumps and roots of three different eucalypt hybrid clones, AEC 0144, AEC 0223, and VM01, were selected, weighed immediately after being removed from the ground, and sampled for carbon determination and moisture content at the laboratory. The Shapiro-Wilk and Bartlett tests were used to evaluate data distribution and the homogeneity of variances, respectively. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) complemented by the Scott-Knott test was used to evaluate the effects of specie/hybrid on the below-ground biomass (dry matter) and carbon amount per stump. The hybrid type of Eucalyptus urophylla does not influence the carbon concentration; however, there is a difference in below-ground biomass production and carbon amount with it being higher for Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus camaldulensis when compared to the species Eucalyptus urophylla and hybrid Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus grandis.

scholarly journals Overexpressing the HD-Zip class II transcription factor EcHB1 from Eucalyptus camaldulensis increased the leaf photosynthesis and drought tolerance of Eucalyptus

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keisuke Sasaki ◽  
Yuuki Ida ◽  
Sakihito Kitajima ◽  
Tetsu Kawazu ◽  
Takashi Hibino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Leucine Zipper ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Cell Multiplication ◽  
Leaf Photosynthesis ◽  
Unit Leaf

Abstract Alteration in the leaf mesophyll anatomy by genetic modification is potentially a promising tool for improving the physiological functions of trees by improving leaf photosynthesis. Homeodomain leucine zipper (HD-Zip) transcription factors are candidates for anatomical alterations of leaves through modification of cell multiplication, differentiation, and expansion. Full-length cDNA encoding a Eucalyptus camaldulensis HD-Zip class II transcription factor (EcHB1) was over-expressed in vivo in the hybrid Eucalyptus GUT5 generated from Eucalyptus grandis and Eucalyptus urophylla. Overexpression of EcHB1 induced significant modification in the mesophyll anatomy of Eucalyptus with enhancements in the number of cells and chloroplasts on a leaf-area basis. The leaf-area-based photosynthesis of Eucalyptus was improved in the EcHB1-overexpression lines, which was due to both enhanced CO2 diffusion into chloroplasts and increased photosynthetic biochemical functions through increased number of chloroplasts per unit leaf area. Additionally, overexpression of EcHB1 suppressed defoliation and thus improved the growth of Eucalyptus trees under drought stress, which was a result of reduced water loss from trees due to the reduction in leaf area with no changes in stomatal morphology. These results gave us new insights into the role of the HD-Zip II gene.

Behavior of xylans from the Eucalyptus species. Part 2. Characterization of 4-O-methylglucuronoxylans isolated from black liquors of kraft pulping of Eucalyptus grandis and E. urophylla

Holzforschung ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-128
Author(s):  
Andréia S. Magaton ◽  
Teresa Cristina F. Silva ◽  
Jorge Luiz Colodette ◽  
Dorila Piló-Veloso ◽  
Flaviana Reis Milagres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Average Molecular Weight ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Kraft Pulping ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Eucalyptus Species ◽  
Exclusion Chromatography ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Black Liquors

Abstract 4-O-methylglucuronoxylans isolated from Eucalyptus grandis and Eucalyptus urophylla kraft black liquors (KBLs) were chemically characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), size exclusion chromatography (SEC), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Doses of alkali charge, expressed as active alkali (AA), were 16, 17, and 18% while the sulfidity was kept at 25%. Kappa numbers of 19.1, 17.5, and 16.1 for E. grandis and 20.4, 16.8, and 15.4 for E. urophylla were obtained. At higher alkali charges, the recovery of xylans from the KBLs was lower and the degree of substitution of xylans with uronic acids decreased. The average molecular weight (Mw) of the recovered xylans was greater under conditions of mild pulping, i.e., in the case of pulps with higher kappa numbers. Mw of xylans ranged from 16.1 to 19.1 kDa for E. grandis and from 15.4 to 20.4 kDa for E. urophylla. The xylans from KBL may be useful as pulp modifying agents or as a raw material for advanced applications.

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