scholarly journals Consumer preferences for organic vegetables in southwestern Nigeria: A choice experiment approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Joseph Akinwehinmi ◽  
◽  
Taye Amos ◽  
Kolawole Ogundari ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Choice Experiment ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Mixed Logit ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Mixed Logit Models ◽  
Guarantee System ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Safe Food

In sub-Saharan Africa, identifying estimates of consumers’ preferences and willingness to pay (WTP) for safe food continues to receive attention in the literature. Using experimental data from Nigeria, we examined the source of heterogeneities in preference and WTP for organically produced food. The subjective valuation by consumers of certification in relation to third-party certification and the participatory guarantee system (PGS) was also investigated. A sample of 196 households subjected to a discrete choice experiment yielded 1 764 observations that were analysed using the generalised multinomial logit and mixed logit models. The results reveal a strong preference for food safety in terms of reducing chemical residue, which dominated the respondents’ preference and WTP patterns. Concerning certification attributes, consumers were positively disposed to third-party certification, but showed no significant preference for the PGS form of certification. Significant heterogeneities in preference were due mainly to age and awareness of organic products. We suggest that policies should focus on consumers’ understanding of organic food, third-party certification, and organic agriculture

scholarly journals Stigmatising Attitudes Towards Co-workers with HIV in the Workplace of a Metropolitan State, Southwestern Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Idongesit Godwin Utuk ◽  
Kayode Omoniyi Osungbade ◽  
Taiwo Akinyode Obembe ◽  
David Ayobami Adewole ◽  
Victoria Oluwabunmi Oladoyin
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background:Despite demonstrating global concerns about infection in the workplace, very little research has explored how co-workers react to those living with HIV in the workplace in sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed to assess the level of stigmatising attitude towards co-workers living with HIV in the workplace.Methods:The study was a descriptive cross-sectional survey involving 403 respondents. They were recruited from selected companies through a multistage sampling technique. Survey was carried out using pre-tested semi-structured questionnaires. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences to generate frequencies, cross tabulations of variables at 5% level of significance. Logistic regression model was used to determine the predictors at 95% confidence intervals.Results:Mean age of respondents was 32.9 ± 9.4 years with 86.1% being females. Overall, slightly below two-third (63.0%) had good knowledge on transmission of HIV/AIDS while 218 (54.1%) respondents had a high stigmatising attitude towards co-workers with HIV in the workplace. More female respondents (69.6%) demonstrated high stigmatising attitudes towards co-workers with HIV in the workplace (p = 0.012). Female workers were twice more likely to have high stigmatising attitudes towards co-worker with HIV [OR 2.1 (95% CI: 1.13 – 3.83)].Conclusion:Stigma towards people living with HIV/AIDs is still very persistent in different settings. Good knowledge amongst our participants about HIV/AIDs did not translate to low stigmatising attitudes among workers. Concerted efforts and trainings on the transmission of HIV/AIDs are essential to reduce stigma that is still very prevalent in workplace settings.

scholarly journals Presence of additional P. vivax malaria in Duffy negative individuals from Southwestern Nigeria: Short Report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARY Aigbiremo OBOH ◽  
Upasana Shyamsunder Singh ◽  
Daouda Ndiaye ◽  
Aida Sadikh Badiane ◽  
Nazia Anwar Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vivax Malaria ◽  
National Level ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Short Report ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Malaria Epidemiology ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Duffy Negative

Abstract Background Malaria in sub-Saharan Africa (sSA) is thought to be hugely caused by Plasmodium falciparum . Recently, growing reports of cases due to P. ovale , P. malariae , and P. vivax have been significantly reported to play a role in malaria epidemiology in sSA. This in fact is due to the usage of very sensitive diagnostic tools (e.g. PCR) which have highlighted the underestimation of non-falciparum malaria in this sub-region. P. vivax was historically thought to be absent in sSA due to the high prevalence of the Duffy null antigen in individuals residing in this sub-continent. For example, recent studies reporting the detection of vivax malaria in Duffy-negative individuals from Mali, Mauritania, Cameroon to mention a few challenges this notion.Methods Following our earlier report of P. vivax in Duffy-negative individuals, we have collected and assessed RDT and/or microscope malaria positive samples following the conventional PCR method and DNA sequencing to confirm both single/mixed infections as well as the Duffy status of the individuals.Results Amplification of Plasmodium gDNA was possible in 59.9% (145/242) of the evaluated isolates and as expected P. falciparum was the most predominant (91.7%) species identified. Interestingly, four P. vivax isolates were identified either as single (3) or mixed (1 – P. falciparum / P. vivax ) infection. Sequencing results confirmed, all vivax isolates as truly vivax malaria and their Duffy status to be that of the Duffy-negative genotype.Conclusion Identification of more vivax isolates among these Duffy-negative individuals from Nigeria, substantiate the expanding body of evidence on the ability of P. vivax to infect RBCs that do not express the DARC gene. Hence, such genetic-epidemiological study should be conducted at the national level in order to evaluate the actual burden of P. vivax in the country.

scholarly journals Valuing Wetland Ecosystem in Ethiopia an Empirical Evidence with Choke Mountain: Application of Choice Experiment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melaku Tarekegn Takele ◽  
Belaynesh Awoke ◽  
Eshetie Woretaw Merid
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Choice Experiment ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Mixed Logit ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Wetland Ecosystem ◽  
Mixed Logit Models ◽  
Service Water ◽  
Compensating Surplus

Abstract Ecosystem services have not market price. In Ethiopia, choke mountain wetland ecosystem has major contribution for providing water, regulating climate, and offering recreational. Valuing this natural resource helps to protect it from damage. The objective of the study is to value choke mountain wetland ecosystem by using choice experiment. To value it the attributes are biodiversity, recreational service, water availability, job opportunity, and monetary payment. Primary data was collected from 270 sample households. Both descriptive and econometrics analysis were conducted. The study found that households had good awareness about the choke mountain wetland ecosystem services. Mixed logit models were used for valuation, and all attributes are significant to affect the probability of choosing an alternative scenario. The study found that households gave higher value for biodiversity improvement than the rest and water availability is the least preferable attributes. The total WTP for the first and second alternatives was 7,133,034.216 and 7,031,211.146 respectively; it was high in the second alternative. Moreover, compensating surplus which reflect overall willingness to pay for a change from the status quo to alternative improvement scenarios were estimated. Estimated results for high improvement scenario and medium improvement scenario were ETB 2,119,457.028 and 1,955,828.606 respectively.

Consumers’ attitudes and willingness to pay for organic eggs

2019 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 678-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osman Inanç Güney ◽  
Luca Giraldo
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Choice Experiment ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Mixed Logit ◽  
Consumer Attitudes ◽  
Experiment Design ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Egg Consumption

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand consumer attitudes toward organic eggs by identifying their profiles and estimating the degree of their willingness to pay (WTP) for eggs with different attributes in order to evaluate the position of organic eggs. Design/methodology/approach Empirical data were collected from a face-to-face cross-sectional market survey, which involved a choice experiment design and a series of questions related to respondents’ attitudes and preferences in terms of organic egg consumption. A total of 552 consumers who are responsible for their household purchases were sampled, while the survey was performed in the major cities of seven regions of Turkey. The gathered data from the questions on consumer attitudes and preferences were analyzed using ordered probit, while the choice experiment data were analyzed through the use of conditional logit and mixed logit models. Findings Consumers perceive organic eggs to be healthy, nutritious and delicious food. In the study, we obtained three consumer groups (collectivist consumers, individualist consumers and reluctant consumers) with different characteristics in relation to organic egg consumption. When the motivations for organic egg consumption were analyzed, it was found that individual benefits have a greater impact than collectivist benefits on consumers’ choice to purchase organic eggs. According to the results of the regression analysis, consumers are willing to pay ₺0.76 more per egg for organic eggs compared to conventional eggs. Overall, consumers are reluctant to pay a premium in view of the functionality aspect of eggs. Research limitations/implications The results will help the actors within the egg industry to develop production and market-planning processes for differentiated egg markets according to consumer preferences and in terms of having the opportunity to select their ideal customer segments. Originality/value The research is the first study that analyses the motivations and the willingness of Turkish consumers to purchase organic eggs through using a choice experiment design and regression models. Original findings include the segmentation of consumers according to personal beliefs and norms. The research is also important in terms of comparing two regression model results in methodical terms. The similarity among the obtained results from the regression analysis increased the reliability of the study.

scholarly journals Presence of additional P. vivax malaria in Duffy negative individuals from Southwestern Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Aigbiremo Oboh ◽  
Upasana Shyamsunder Singh ◽  
Daouda Nidaye ◽  
Aida S. Badiane ◽  
Anwar Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Vivax Malaria ◽  
National Level ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Mixed Infections ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Duffy Negative

AbstractMalaria in sub-Saharan Africa (sSA) is thought to be hugely caused by Plasmodium falciparum and very infrequently by P. ovale, P. malariae, with P. vivax not even being considered to be of any significant role. However, with the availability of very sensitive diagnostic tool, it has become more clear that, the percentage of non-falciparum malaria in this sub-region has been underestimated. P. vivax was historically thought to be absent in sSA due to the high prevalence of the Duffy null antigen in individuals residing here. Nevertheless, recent studies reporting the detection of vivax malaria in Duffy-negative individuals challenges this notion. Following our earlier report of P. vivax in Duffy-negative individuals, we have re-assessed all previous samples following the classical PCR method and sequencing to confirm both single/mixed infections as well as the Duffy status of the individuals.Interestingly, fifteen additional Plasmodium infections were detected, representing 5.9% in prevalence from our earlier work. In addition, P. vivax represents 26.7% (4/15) of the new isolates collected in Nigeria. Sequencing results confirmed, all vivax isolates as truly vivax malaria and their Duffy status to be that of the Duffy-negative genotype. The identification of more vivax isolates among these Duffy-negative individuals from Nigeria, substantiate the expanding body of evidence of the ability of P. vivax to infect RBCs that do not express the DARC gene. Hence, such geno-epidemiological study should be conducted at the national level in order to evaluate the actual burden of P. vivax in the country.

Numerically Stable Design Optimization With Price Competition

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Ross Morrow ◽  
Joshua Mineroff ◽  
Kate S. Whitefoot
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Design ◽  
Price Competition ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Mixed Logit ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Mixed Logit Models ◽  
Game Theoretic ◽  
Pricing Problems ◽  
Decision Based Design

Researchers in Decision-Based Design have asserted that business objectives, e.g. profits, should replace engineering requirements or performance metrics as the objective for engineering design. Using profits as the objective for engineering design, however, requires modeling consumer preferences and competition between firms. Game theoretic “design-then-pricing” models—i.e. product design with price competition—provide an important framework for integrating consumer preferences and competition when design decisions must be made before prices are decided by a firm or by its competitors. This article proposes a method for solving design-then-pricing problems that exhibits improved efficiency and reliability, relative to existing methods. Numerical results for a vehicle design example using three solvers—matlab, KNITRO, and SNOPT—to validate this claim. We also highlight the importance of checking the Second-Order Sufficient Conditions in design-then-pricing problems that use Mixed Logit models of demand.

scholarly journals Africa’s evolving vegetable seed sector: status, policy options and lessons from Asia

Food Security ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pepijn Schreinemachers ◽  
Julie Howard ◽  
Michael Turner ◽  
Simon N. Groot ◽  
Bhupen Dubey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Private Sector Investment ◽  
Vegetable Seed ◽  
Sub Saharan

AbstractFostering better access to more nutritious foods across sub-Saharan Africa will be critical to ending hunger and malnutrition. In Asia, vegetable production and consumption have grown rapidly since the 1990s and the development of a dynamic vegetable seed industry, led by the private sector, played a pivotal role in this process. The availability of locally-bred and adapted varieties facilitated the rapid expansion of production and increased the supply of affordable vegetables to consumers. In contrast, the vegetable seed sector in sub-Saharan Africa has been slow to develop and has received little attention in the development agenda. Drawing from Asia’s experience, this paper outlines a four-point strategy to accelerate the vegetable seed sector in sub-Saharan Africa. First, there is a need to strengthen the technical capacity of African seed companies to allow them to develop varieties that are well-adapted to local conditions and consumer preferences. Second, seed regulations, originally designed with food grains in mind, should be reviewed and revised to facilitate domestic vegetable breeding research and seed production. Third, more farmer extension is needed to exploit improved varieties together with good management practices. Fourth, vegetable marketing systems should be strengthened to reduce risks to farmers and traders. Investment in these four areas will help energize private sector investment in the vegetable seed sector. Asian experience suggests that investment in locally adapted vegetable varieties is a critical step in improving productivity, availability and ultimately consumption of nutritious vegetables.

Analysis of consumer demand for traceable pork in China based on a real choice experiment

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linhai Wu ◽  
Hongsha Wang ◽  
Dian Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Choice Experiment ◽  
Consumer Demand ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Chinese Consumers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Government ◽  
Safe Food

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to reveal the actual consumer demand for traceable pork by investigating consumer preferences for pork with combined levels of traceability information based on differences in individual consumer preferences, in order to support the government in decision making regarding the gradual construction of safe food markets. Design/methodology/approach – Combinations of four types of traceability information, including farming, slaughter and processing, distribution and sales, and government certification, with price were randomly designed. To identify consumer preferences for these attribute combinations of traceable pork, 215 consumers in Wuxi, Jiangsu Province were investigated using a real choice experiment and the mixed logit model. Findings – Significant heterogeneity was observed in consumer preferences for traceable pork. The information of farming, slaughter and processing, distribution and marketing, and government certification could significantly improve consumer utility. Moreover, consumers had the highest preference for government certification information. Originality/value – Although numerous studies have been performed on consumer preferences for food safety attributes using a real choice experiment, almost none of them focus on Chinese consumers. Therefore, this study is an attempt to fill this gap. The conclusions of this study can serve as a reference for the Chinese government in developing safe food consumption policies. Although Chinese consumers have cried out for improvement of pork safety, they have different preferences for traceability information; thus, the government must promote traceable food step-by-step, using consumer preferences as a starting point.

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