State of the Art: Centerline Rumble Strips Usage in the United States

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel E. Karkle ◽  
Margaret J. Rys ◽  
Eugene R. Russell

Centerline Rumble Strips (CLRS) are used to avoid cross-over roadway departures, making rural highways safer. The objectives of this study were to obtain nationwide, updated information about states’ policies and guidelines for utilization of CLRS and to provide a list of gaps in research along with good practices. Results indicate that 36 states reported the use of CLRS. The total CLRS approximate mileage is 11,333 miles. The predominant CLRS pattern is: milled, length 16”, width 7”, depth 0.5”, spacing 12”, continuous. This survey reported that 17 states have written policies or guidelines. A list of good practices used by the states is presented.

1989 ◽  
Vol 26 (02) ◽  
pp. 145-159
Author(s):  
R. A. Dick ◽  
J. E. Laframboise

This paper utilizes available data on existing icebreaking ships to compile a review of the design features that influence ship performance. The data were extracted from a recently completed review of the state of the art of Arctic ship technology and include icebreaking ships from Argentina, Canada, Denmark, Finland, Japan, Sweden, the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union, the United States, and West Germany. It is the aim of this paper to offer guidance in the initial stages of icebreaker design and thereby give confidence to the designer in the selection of dimensions, hull shape and propulsion.


2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (1) ◽  
pp. 2408-2431
Author(s):  
Mark Dix ◽  
Alan Mearns

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Emergency Response Division’s success over 40 years draws on the nascent and sustained vision of its founders and the people that dedicated themselves to providing state of the art science in combatting oil spills and hazardous material releases. Lessons in research, development, partnership, reinvention, reorganization, and adaptation season the story that describes what is now the scientific touchstone in the United States’ maritime spill response vanguard. But the voyage to present day was (and is) not all smooth sailing. The scientists who built the unit and staffed it for decades recall the best, worst, and in between history of a small but highly influential division in the Federal government that helped pioneer spill science in the United States and internationally by responding to over 4,000 incidents. This retrospective highlights the genesis and growth of the 1970’s Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Assessment Program (OCSEAP) and its evolution through Hazardous Materials Response Division (HMRD) to the now Emergency Response Division (ERD). The paper concludes with the vision of what growth areas lie ahead for the Division and oil spill response.


2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (11) ◽  
pp. 2377-2395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imke Durre ◽  
Michael F. Squires ◽  
Russell S. Vose ◽  
Xungang Yin ◽  
Anthony Arguez ◽  
...  

AbstractThe 1981–2010 “U.S. Climate Normals” released by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) National Climatic Data Center include a suite of monthly, seasonal, and annual statistics that are based on precipitation, snowfall, and snow-depth measurements. This paper describes the procedures used to calculate the average totals, frequencies of occurrence, and percentiles that constitute these normals. All parameters were calculated from a single, state-of-the-art dataset of daily observations, taking care to produce normals that were as representative as possible of the full 1981–2010 period, even when the underlying data records were incomplete. In the resulting product, average precipitation totals are available at approximately 9300 stations across the United States and parts of the Caribbean Sea and Pacific Ocean islands. Snowfall and snow-depth statistics are provided for approximately 5300 of those stations, as compared with several hundred stations in the 1971–2000 normals. The 1981–2010 statistics exhibit the familiar climatological patterns across the contiguous United States. When compared with the same calculations for 1971–2000, the later period is characterized by a smaller number of days with snow on the ground and less total annual snowfall across much of the contiguous United States; wetter conditions over much of the Great Plains, Midwest, and northern California; and drier conditions over much of the Southeast and Pacific Northwest. These differences are a reflection of the removal of the 1970s and the addition of the 2000s to the 30-yr-normals period as part of this latest revision of the normals.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saif Khan

The countries with the greatest capacity to develop, produce and acquire state-of-the-art semiconductor chips hold key advantages in the development of emerging technologies. At present, the United States and its allies possess significant leverage over core segments of the supply chain used to produce these chips. This policy brief outlines actions the United States and its allies can take to secure that advantage in the long term and use it to promote the beneficial use of emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence.


2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kangyan Li

The enrollment model of music majors in American comprehensive universities is formed in the overall American social environment. In practice, it integrates the four elements of maintaining social fairness, abiding by admissions justice, following discipline rules, and emphasizing the ability of candidates. The optimal structure is formed. Thus, in the process of enrollment, it can not only maintain the fairness of society and the fairness of enrollment, but also follow the law of education to better predict the ability of students to succeed. This paper discusses that some good practices in the enrollment of music majors in the United States can be used for reference, such as the algorithm of GPA (Grade Point Average) scores, the defense link of the enrollment examination, the interview and so on. 


Author(s):  
D. E. Ridley ◽  
R. C. Case

United States seapower in the 70’s is synonymous with a new class of destroyers developed to maintain America’s strength on the world’s seas. When the DD963 joins the fleet in 1974, she will be unlike any destroyer ever to fly the United States flag. She will be bigger, faster, and more sophisticated. As a vital part of the main propulsion plant of this ship, controllable pitch propellers were used in conjunction with marine gas turbines. This paper addresses the description and operation of the CP propellers, and various improvements in the “state of the art” of propeller design and manufacture which have been incorporated in the ship.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document