Clonal Hypereosinophilic Syndrome: Two Cases Report in Black Men from Sub-Saharan Africa and Literature Reviews

The first case is about a man of 60 years old suffering of hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) developed since 1998. He presented chronic cough, insomnia, and negative parasitical test. We observed hypereosinophilia and fibroblastic hyperplasia at the bone marrow biopsy. Initially, hydroxyurea and α-interferon treatment failed. We proposed to him imatinib mesylate in May 2003. The FIP1L1-PDGFRA gene was detected. The second case is about a man of 34 years old seen in March 2002. First investigation concluded to CML. Progressively, eosinophil cells increased, and complications occurred as oedema syndrome, dyspnoea, and parietal chronic endocarditic fibrosis associated with pericarditis. In addition, a bowel obstruction happened and was cured by surgery. Bcr-abl fusion was negative, and FIP1L1-PDGFRA gene was detected after and imatinib mesylate was given. Actually, endocarditic fibrosis decreased. The two patients are in haematological and cytogenetic remission. We concluded that clonal HES is present in Africa, and imatinib mesylate is effective.

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SARS-COV-2 induced Parkinsonism: The first case from the sub-Saharan Africa

Clinical Parkinsonism & Related Disorders ◽

10.1016/j.prdoa.2021.100116 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 100116

Author(s):

Biniyam A. Ayele ◽

Hanna Demissie ◽

Meron Awraris ◽

Wondwossen Amogne ◽

Ali Shalash ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

First Case ◽

Sub Saharan

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A critical analysis of water PPP failures in sub-Saharan Africa

Engineering Construction & Architectural Management ◽

10.1108/ecam-01-2021-0084 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Salman Tariq ◽

Xueqing Zhang

Keyword(s):

Construction Management ◽

Design Methodology ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

African Countries ◽

Content Type ◽

Rigorous Approach ◽

First Case ◽

Management Perspective ◽

Sub Saharan

PurposeTop-down pressure from donors, public sector inefficiencies and fund deficits have steered the introduction of public–private partnerships (PPPs) in sub-Saharan Africa. However, PPP activities in the water sector have been quite insignificant compared to other infrastructure sectors in this region. In addition, a number of water PPPs have encountered great difficulties and subsequent failures. This study aims at unveiling the underlying reasons behind failures.Design/methodology/approachThis study has classified the failure types of water PPPs and reviewed the development of water PPPs in sub-Saharan Africa to identify failed ones. Eight failed case studies are completed through the rigorous approach of event sequence mapping.FindingsNine root causes of water PPP failure are identified through a thorough examination of these failed water PPP cases and the interrelationships between these failure causes are established. The failure causes are further generalized through literature focusing on water PPP failures in developing countries and problematic issues that hinder the implementation of successful water PPPs across different Sub-Saharan African countries. Recommendations are provided for future improvements in carrying out water PPPs in Sub-Saharan Africa by learning past lessons and drawing experiences.Originality/valueThis is the first case study on water PPP failures in Sub-Saharan Africa from a construction management perspective. This study will help governments and the private sector in developing stronger future water PPPs.

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The Sociology of Global Health

Sociology of Development ◽

10.1525/sod.2019.5.1.9 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 9-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Joseph Harris ◽

Alexandre White

Keyword(s):

Global Health ◽

The United States ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Added Value ◽

Health It ◽

American Experience ◽

The Social ◽

Literature Reviews ◽

Sub Saharan ◽

New Research

Over the past two decades, a sociology of global health has emerged. While this new subfield takes up some themes and issues that are familiar to the discipline as a whole—among them organizations, social movements, and the social construction of illness—it has also posed new questions and opened new research pathways by formulating and testing theory in environments radically different from the United States. This work has forced sociologists to confront the ethnocentrism of research paradigms that are grounded in the American experience and to consider classical assumptions and constructs in fruitful new ways. Notable recent literature reviews have taken up the issue of HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa, comparative healthcare systems, and the sociology of development. However, this review is the first to outline the contours of a coherent sociology of global health. It addresses several questions: What issues are being taken up in this emergent subfield? What added value comes from turning scholarly attention beyond our borders? And what new research agendas lie on the horizon?

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Healthcare Technology Transfer in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Inductive Approach

International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management ◽

10.1142/s021987701950055x ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (08) ◽

pp. 1950055

Author(s):

Rian Marais ◽

Sara S. Grobbelaar ◽

Imke H. de Kock

Keyword(s):

Technology Transfer ◽

Best Practices ◽

Conceptual Framework ◽

Technology Development ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Healthcare Technology ◽

Comparative Review ◽

Literature Reviews ◽

Sub Saharan ◽

Transfer Method

The research addressed within this paper sets out to develop a framework towards facilitating health-related technology transfer (TT) to and within sub-Saharan African countries. In turn, this framework will attempt to alleviate healthcare burdens in developing nations through a combination of acquisitions and collaborative technology development. Systematic conceptual and comparative literature reviews have been conducted to identify the major characteristics of TT. The conceptual review has outlined the universal characteristics of TT such as TT methods, prominent stakeholders and the importance of knowledge transfer while the systematic comparative review exclusively evaluated sub-Saharan African healthcare TT characteristics such as infrastructure barriers and the marketability of the transfer object. The outcomes of the literature reviews have been clustered into five phases, forming the basis of the conceptual framework. This framework aims to guide a user through the phases of technology development, technology analysis, technology transfer method application, change management and commercialization by providing managerial best practices at each phase. The conceptual framework has been evaluated by incorporating the outcomes of 16 semi-structured interviews conducted with healthcare and TT industry experts. The final framework aims to provide guidelines for any stakeholder involved in healthcare technology transfer regardless of the healthcare implementation by highlighting best practices surrounding stakeholder co-creation, transfer method application and constructing a sustainable healthcare technology transfer venture.

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Imported bancroftian filariasis discovered in a patient infected with Plasmodium falciparum: First case of concomitant parasitism in the Al-Buraimi Governorate, Oman

Infectious Disease Reports ◽

10.4081/idr.2020.8304 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Muhammad Muqeet Ullah ◽

Ahmed Yar Mohammed Dawood Al Balushi ◽

Nader Rahid Salim Al Aliyani ◽

Biju Kalarikkal ◽

Reeher Ian C. Miranda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wuchereria Bancrofti ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Global Burden ◽

Bancroftian Filariasis ◽

African Region ◽

Laboratory Findings ◽

Anopheles Species ◽

First Case ◽

Nigerian Woman ◽

Sub Saharan

Malaria and lymphatic filariasis (LF) are endemic in tropical and subtropical regions of sub-Saharan Africa, Asia, and Central and South America. Ninety-two percent (200 million) of malaria cases in 2017 were detected in the WHO African Region. This accounts for approximately 30% of the global burden of LF disease and includes 405.9 million people at risk in 39 out of 46 member countries. Anopheles species of mosquitoes transmit Wuchereria bancrofti in most parts of Africa. Our case of a 23-year-old Nigerian woman highlights incidental laboratory findings showing the first malaria/filariasis coinfection in the governorate (province). This coinfection was ascertained during the usual medical screening before recruitment in Oman, which is routinely conducted for every expatriate.

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Ten-year plateau phase in human immunodeficiency virus induced motor neuron disease upon antiretroviral therapy: a first case from Eastern Africa.

RRNMF Neuromuscular Journal ◽

10.17161/rrnmf.v1i5.13809 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (5) ◽

pp. 29-32

Author(s):

Marjolein De Bruin ◽

Emmanuel Assay ◽

Asha Osman ◽

Kajiru Kilonzo ◽

William Howlett ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Case Report ◽

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Motor Neuron ◽

Motor Neuron Disease ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Eastern Africa ◽

First Case ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Sub Saharan

We report an individual with rapidly progressive motor neuron disease (MND), phenotypically compatible with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The patient described in this case report proved positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and was initiated on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Following ART he clinically stabilised over 10 years and deteriorated again due to noncompliance or ART resistance. HIV infection can give rise to an MND mimic, HIV-ALS. The improvement in response to ART supports the notion that HIV-ALS is a treatable entity also in Africa. This is the first case report of a patient with HIV-ALS and long term follow up in Sub-Saharan Africa. The report raises the suggestion that an additional (retro)virus can play a role in the aetiology of ALS.

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Sub-Saharan Africa preparedness and response to the COVID-19 pandemic: A perspective of early career African scientists

Wellcome Open Research ◽

10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16070.2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

pp. 163

Author(s):

Gisele Umviligihozo ◽

Lucy Mupfumi ◽

Nelson Sonela ◽

Delon Naicker ◽

Ekwaro A. Obuku ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Case Fatality ◽

Early Career ◽

Health Interventions ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Public Health Interventions ◽

African Countries ◽

Scientific Publications ◽

First Case ◽

Sub Saharan

Emerging highly transmissible viral infections such as SARS-CoV-2 pose a significant global threat to human health and the economy. Since its first appearance in December 2019 in the city of Wuhan, Hubei province, China, SARS-CoV-2 infection has quickly spread across the globe, with the first case reported on the African continent, in Egypt on February 14th, 2020. Although the global number of COVID-19 infections has increased exponentially since the beginning of the pandemic, the number of new infections and deaths recorded in African countries have been relatively modest, suggesting slower transmission dynamics of the virus on the continent, a lower case fatality rate, or simply a lack of testing or reliable data. Notably, there is no significant increase in unexplained pneumonias or deaths on the continent which could possibly indicate the effectiveness of interventions introduced by several African governments. However, there has not yet been a comprehensive assessment of sub-Saharan Africa’s (SSA) preparedness and response to the COVID-19 pandemic that may have contributed to prevent an uncontrolled outbreak so far. As a group of early career scientists and the next generation of African scientific leaders with experience of working in medical and diverse health research fields in both SSA and resource-rich countries, we present a unique perspective on the current public health interventions to fight COVID-19 in Africa. Our perspective is based on extensive review of the available scientific publications, official technical reports and announcements released by governmental and non-governmental health organizations as well as from our personal experiences as workers on the COVID-19 battlefield in SSA. We documented public health interventions implemented in seven SSA countries including Uganda, Kenya, Rwanda, Cameroon, Zambia, South Africa and Botswana, the existing gaps and the important components of disease control that may strengthen SSA response to future outbreaks.

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First Case of COVID-19-Associated Collapsing Glomerulopathy in Sub-Saharan Africa

Case Reports in Nephrology ◽

10.1155/2020/8820713 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Yannick M. Nlandu ◽

Jean-Robert R. Makulo ◽

Nestor M. Pakasa ◽

Ernest K. Sumaili ◽

Clarisse N. Nkondi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coming Out ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Kidney Injury ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Collapsing Glomerulopathy ◽

First Case ◽

Out Of Africa ◽

Sub Saharan ◽

Glomerular Involvement ◽

New Onset

Although the lungs remain the main target of SARS-CoV-2, other organs, such as kidneys, can be affected, which has a negative impact on the outcomes of COVID-19 patients. Although previous studies of kidney disease in COVID-19 reported mainly SARS-CoV-2-induced tubular and interstitial injury, there is growing evidence coming out of Africa of glomerular involvement, especially collapsing glomerulopathy seen particularly in people of African descent. We report a case of collapsing glomerulopathy revealed by acute kidney injury and a new onset of full blown nephrotic syndrome in a black Congolese patient coinfected with COVID-19 and malaria.

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Diagnosis of Cryptococcosis and Prevention of Cryptococcal Meningitis Using a Novel Point-of-Care Lateral Flow Assay

Case Reports in Medicine ◽

10.1155/2013/640216 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Ashar Dhana

Keyword(s):

Cryptococcal Meningitis ◽

Point Of Care ◽

World Health Organisation ◽

Lateral Flow ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

World Health ◽

First Case ◽

Lateral Flow Dipstick ◽

Life Threatening ◽

Sub Saharan

Despite access to antiretroviral therapy, mortality from cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is high among persons with advanced HIV infection in sub-Saharan Africa. Cryptococcal antigen (CrAg) is present several weeks to months before the onset of symptoms of meningitis and can be screened to prevent life threatening meningitis. Recently, the World Health Organisation recommended that a new rapid CrAg lateral flow ‘‘dipstick’’ assay (LFA) is to be used to screen HIV-infected persons with CD4 counts of less than 100 cells/µL. In this paper, we describe two cases of cryptococcosis with differing outcomes. In the first case, the new CrAg LFA was used as part of a screen and preemptive treatment strategy to prevent CM. In the second case, our patient had no access to the CrAg LFA and subsequently developed life threatening meningitis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of cryptococcosis diagnosed using this novel assay.

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Cor triatriatum sinister in a 36-Year-old male with Metabolic Syndrome: A case report in sub-Saharan Africa.

10.22541/au.163617814.42113468/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ahmadou Jingi ◽

Liliane Mfeukeu-Kuate ◽

Sylvie Ndongo ◽

Edvine Guela-Wawo

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Congenital Heart Disease ◽

Case Report ◽

Congenital Heart ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Cor Triatriatum ◽

Mitral Valve Stenosis ◽

First Case ◽

Cor Triatriatum Sinister ◽

Sub Saharan

We report the first case of isolated Cor triatriatum sinister in a 36-year-old male with metabolic syndrome in sub-Saharan Africa. It is a rare congenital heart disease that consists of a fibromuscular ring that divides the atrium into two chambers. It can mimic mitral valve stenosis.

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