scholarly journals Urine Bag as a Modern Day Matula

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stalin Viswanathan

Since time immemorial uroscopic analysis has been a staple of diagnostic medicine. It received prominence during the middle ages with the introduction of the matula. Urinary discoloration is generally due to changes in urochrome concentration associated with the presence of other endogenous or exogenous pigments. Observation of urine colors has received less attention due to the advances made in urinalysis. A gamut of urine colors can be seen in urine bags of hospitalized patients that may give clue to presence of infections, medications, poisons, and hemolysis. Although worrisome to the patient, urine discoloration is mostly benign and resolves with removal of the offending agent. Twelve urine bags with discolored urine (and their predisposing causes) have been shown as examples. Urine colors (blue-green, yellow, orange, pink, red, brown, black, white, and purple) and their etiologies have been reviewed following a literature search in these databases: Pubmed, EBSCO, Science Direct, Proquest, Google Scholar, Springer, and Ovid.

1984 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 65-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mildred Budny ◽  
Dominic Tweddle

Among the relics in the treasury of the church of St Catherine at Maaseik in Limburg, Belgium, there are some luxurious embroideries which form part of the so-called casula (probably ‘chasuble’) of Sts Harlindis and Relindis (pls. I–VI). It was preserved throughout the Middle Ages at the abbey church of Aldeneik (which these sister-saints founded in the early eighth century) and was moved to nearby Maaseik in 1571. Although traditionally regarded as the handiwork of Harlindis and Relindis themselves, the embroideries cannot date from as early as their time, and they must have been made in Anglo-Saxon England. Indeed, they represent the earliest surviving examples of the highly prized English art of embroidery which became famous later in the Middle Ages as opus anglicanum.


2014 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 193-207
Author(s):  
Ян Страдомский ◽  
Мария Иванова

The apocryphal Apocalypse of St. Paul the Apostlebelongs to the group of early-Christian texts which exerted significant impact on people’s perceptionof the nether world and the Last Judgment. In the Middle Ages, the text was known in the area ofwestern and eastern Christian literary tradition. Numerous translations also include the renditionof the Apocalypse of St. Paul the Apostle into Church Slavonic, made in Bulgaria between the 10thand the 11th century, whose presence and distribution in the area of southern Slavdom and Rutheniais confirmed by copies of manuscripts. The article is devoted to a manuscript of the Apocalypse ofSt. Paul the Apostle hitherto overlooked in studies, whose unique form supplements and makes theSlavic textual tradition of the manuscript more comprehensible. The unique feature of the discussedcopy is supplementation of the text with an ending, present only in the ancient Syrian and Coptictranslations of the apocryphal text.


2019 ◽  
pp. 244-272
Author(s):  
Jennifer Ferriss-Hill

This epilogue traces the themes and concerns of the previous chapters throughout the Ars Poetica's considerable reception history. If the Ars Poetica's poetic qualities have not always been clear to scholars of literature, they seem to have been more evident to the practicing writers who, inspired by Horace's poem, wrote artes poeticae of their own. Indeed, practicing poets have long discerned what many literary scholars have not: that the poem's value lies not so much in its stated contents as in its fine-spun internal unity; in its interest in human nature and the onward march of time; in the importance of criticism—both giving and receiving it—to the artistic process; and in the essential sameness of writing, of making art, and of living, loving, being, and even dying. The argument made in this study for reading the Ars Poetica as a literary achievement in its own right may therefore be viewed as a return to the complex, nuanced ways in which it was already read in the Middle Ages, through the sixteenth century, and into the twenty-first. The authors of the later works examined in this chapter read the Ars Poetica as exemplifying and instantiating the sort of artistry that it opaquely commands, and they reflected this in turn through their own verses.


2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1-5) ◽  
pp. 421-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azucena Hernández

Abstract The astrolabe of Petrus Raimundi, made in Barcelona in 1375, occupies a significant position in the set of medieval Spanish astrolabes with Latin inscriptions, as it is the only one signed and dated that has survived to the present day. A full description and study of the astrolabe is presented in the context of the support given to the manufacturing of scientific instruments by King Peter iv of Aragon. Although the astronomical and time reckoning features of the astrolabe are fully detailed, special attention is given to its artistic and decorative features. The relationships between Petrus Raimundi’s astrolabe and those manufactured in al-Andalus, the region under Islamic rule within the Iberian Peninsula in the Middle Ages, are highlighted, as well as the links with astrolabe production in other European Christian kingdoms. The role played by astrolabes in medicine is considered and first steps are taken towards discovering the identity of Petrus Raimundi.


2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-91
Author(s):  
Farah A. Huseyn

The article is a review on Ph.D. Sabukhi Akhmedov’s monograph «Azerbaijani weapons in the IX – XVII centuries: evolution and development», which considers the relevance and scientific validity of the issue as an «Azerbaijani weapons», noted that the problem of identification of various types of weapons made in Azerbaijan during the Middle Ages is relevant in geographical attribution, as well as belonging to a certain ethnocultural space established in a given territory.The article provides a general assessment of the wide range of diverse sources involved in the study, justifies the logical consistency of the structure of the monograph built on the principle of chronological order, recognizes the importance of the monograph in studying the history of military affairs in Azerbaijan and neighboring countries in the Middle Ages.


Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Wagner

The article is a response to the extensive review by Maria Cubrzyńska-Leonarczyk concerning the first Polish monograph of superexlibris from the Middle Ages to the half of the 17th century, which I published in 2016. Primarily, it contains rectifications of numerous concealments and mistakes that the Reviewer has made in her article. According to the author of the response to the review many of them are the consequence of a doctrinaire and anachronistic interpretation of the notion of superexlibris, which origins from the opinions of Kazimierz Piekarski (1920s – 1930s). Moreover, the author points out a range of interesting and inspiring remarks and discoveries of the Reviewer.


Author(s):  
Joana Gomes ◽  
Vitor Guerreiro

RESUMO: No século XX, fenómenos como a arte de massas - em particular o cinema - surgem concomitantemente a novas formas de relação entre poder político, ideologia, arte e estética. Com a Revolução Russa de 1917, e, mais tarde, os regimes fascistas que se espalham pela Europa, a alternância entre a experimentação estética arrojada e o arregimentar da arte à propaganda tornam-se realidades que, de um ou outro modo, impõem aos artistas alguma forma de posicionamento. Neste processo, é frequente as representações do passado servirem para possibilitar um certo discurso acerca do presente, sobretudo quando as representações directas deste se tornam «politicamente problemáticas» (i.e. perigosas). Tal é o que sucede com o próprio conceito de Idade Média, desde a sua origem. Este artigo pretende justamente explorar o modo como as representações cinematográficas da Idade Média servem diferentemente de veículo à de expressão de concepções estéticas, artísticas e políticas em dois filmes produzidos em países do ex-bloco socialista, onde as tensões e alternâncias de que falamos se tornam, mais do que uma questão meramente teórica, uma questão de sobrevivência: Alexander Nevsky de Serguei Eisenstein (1938) e Márketa Lazarová de František Vláčil (1967). ABSTRACT: In the 20th century, phenomena like that of mass art – particularly cinema – emerge in tandem with new forms of relationship between political power, ideology, art and aesthetics. With the Russian Revolution of 1917, and, later, with the spread of fascist regimes across Europe, alternating between bold aesthetic experimentation and the use of art as propaganda become factors that compel artists, in one way or another, to take some sort of stand. In this process, representations of the past are often employed so as to make it possible to speak about the present, especially when direct portrayal of the latter becomes ‘politically problematic’ (i.e. dangerous). Such is also the case with the concept of ‘middle ages’ itself, from its inception. Our aim in this paper is precisely to explore how representations of the middle ages serve, in different ways, as a vehicle for the expression of aesthetic and political views, in two films made in countries of the former socialist bloc, where the tensions and shifting pressures we mentioned become, more than a purely theoretical issue, a matter of survival: Sergei Einsenstein’s Alexander Nevsky (1938) and František Vláčil’s Márketa Lazarová (1967).


Author(s):  
Gabriela Sánchez Reyes

The cult of saints, through their relics in colonial Mexico, is related to the importation of relics from the great centers of pilgrimage in Europe and the Holy Land. Reliquaries were artifacts made to preserve the relics, avoid their fragmentation, and expose them to the faithful. Since the Middle Ages, different types were created with different forms whose function was to protect and exhibit the content. These designs passed to American territories, where it is still possible to admire some European reliquaries as well as some of local manufacture. The circulation of relics began in 1521, after the consolidation of the evangelization and the inauguration of the new viceroyalty government. The circulation and donation of relics should be understood as a long process. They were imported objects that were difficult to acquire, as their sale was prohibited by law. Typically, it was necessary to have contacts in the high clergy abroad. Acquiring relics also required a significant investment of funds to cover both the relic’s purchase and the costs of its transfer from abroad. Despite these difficulties, little by little, the relics of various saints and martyrs made their way to the Americas, some in carton boxes, others in gold urns or even in small paper envelopes. Reliquaries were soon manufactured to house these relics. Their design generally depended on two factors: the quantity of the relics obtained, and the shape of the relics. The collections of reliquaries with their respective relics were displayed both in the cathedral headquarters and in the temples of the religious orders. Because they were incorporated at different times, they were made in different styles using different materials, and so it is possible to find a great variety in their manufacture. Various types of reliquaries can be classified from this time, from the reliquary chapels to the altarpiece reliquaries, anthropomorphic reliquaries, and medallion reliquaries, and they stand as a testament to the cult of saints in colonial Mexico.


1993 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Burnett

Al-Kindī's Forty Chapters was one of the most influential astrological texts in the Middle Ages in the Arabic and Latin-reading world. Yet it has never been studied by modern scholars and has not even been properly identified in the standard bibliographies and encyclopaedias of Arabic literature. This study describes the work as it appears in the Arabic MS, Jerusalem, Khālidī Library, 21(2)-Astr.-2; sets it in the tradition of Greek, Persian and Arabic texts on catarchic astrology; and traces its influence on later Arabic astrological works, which give evidence of a fuller text than that in the Khālidī Library. This fuller text appears in the two Latin translations made in the mid-twelfth century by Hugo of Santalla and Robert of Ketton. Finally some comments are added about the place of The Forty Chapters in al-Kindī's œ;uvre. Two appendixes give respectively details of the manuscripts of the Arabic text and the two Latin translations, and an edition of a specimen chapter (concerning irrigation and cultivating the land) from these three versions.


2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Maclean

AbstractThis article studies the advances made in the logic of Renaissance physiognomy from the state of the subject in antiquity and the Middle Ages. The properties and accidents of the human body are investigated in the context of the signs selected by physiognomers, whether univocal or in syndromes, strong or weak in character, negative or positive, consistent with each other or contradictory. When these signs are translated into propositions, the construction of argument which flows from them is shown to ut plurimum reasoning, in which an element of quasi-mathematical proto-probability and hermeneutical thinking (in the treatment of ambiguity and obscurity) may be detected. These allow the question "is x more likely to be the case than y or z?" to be answered through a variety of procedures. Renaissance physiognomy is shown to be a discipline in which a novel combination of rational procedures come together, and a site of conceptual change in respect of property and accidence.


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